Pirenzepine - Biblioteka.sk

Pirenzepine
Clinical data

Trade names	Gastrozepin
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
ATC code	A02BX03 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name 11--5,11-dihydro-6H-pyridobenzodiazepin-6-one
CAS Number	28797-61-7^Y
PubChem CID	4848
IUPHAR/BPS	328
DrugBank	DB00670^Y
ChemSpider	4682^Y
UNII	3G0285N20N
KEGG	D08389^Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:8247^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL9967^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7023487
ECHA InfoCard	100.044.739
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₉H₂₁N₅O₂
Molar mass	351.410 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C3c1ccccc1N(C(=O)CN2CCN(C)CC2)c4ncccc4N3
InChI InChI=1S/C19H21N5O2/c1-22-9-11-23(12-10-22)13-17(25)24-16-7-3-2-5-14(16)19(26)21-15-6-4-8-20-18(15)24/h2-8H,9-13H2,1H3,(H,21,26)^Y Key:RMHMFHUVIITRHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
(verify)

Pirenzepine (Gastrozepin), an M₁ selective antagonist, is used in the treatment of peptic ulcers, as it reduces gastric acid secretion and reduces muscle spasm. It is in a class of drugs known as muscarinic receptor antagonists; acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system which initiates the rest-and-digest state (as opposed to fight-or-flight), resulting in an increase in gastric motility and digestion; whereas pirenzepine would inhibit these actions and cause decreased gastric motility leading to delayed gastric emptying and constipation.^[1] It has no effects on the brain and spinal cord as it cannot diffuse through the blood–brain barrier.

Pirenzepine has been investigated for use in myopia control.^[2]^[3]

It promotes the homodimerization or oligomerisation of M₁ receptors.^[4]

References

^ Stolerman IP (2 August 2010). Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology. Springer. p. 811. ISBN 978-3-540-68698-9. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
^ Czepita D (2005). "". Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 51 (2): 5–9. PMID 16519089.
^ Walline JJ, Lindsley KB, Vedula SS, Cotter SA, Mutti DO, Ng SM, Twelker JD (January 2020). "Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1 (1): CD004916. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004916.pub4. PMC 6984636. PMID 31930781.
^ Pediani JD, Ward RJ, Godin AG, Marsango S, Milligan G (June 2016). "Dynamic Regulation of Quaternary Organization of the M1 Muscarinic Receptor by Subtype-selective Antagonist Drugs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 291 (25): 13132–13146. doi:10.1074/jbc.M115.712562. PMC 4933229. PMID 27080256.

v t e Drugs for peptic ulcer and GERD/GORD (A02B)
H₂ antagonists ("-tidine")	Cimetidine Famotidine Lafutidine Lavoltidine (loxtidine) Nizatidine Ranitidine^#‡ Roxatidine
Prostaglandins (E)/ analogues ("-prost-")	Misoprostol Enprostil
Proton-pump inhibitors ("-prazole")	Azeloprazole Dexlansoprazole Esomeprazole Ilaprazole Lansoprazole Omeprazole^# Pantoprazole Picoprazole Rabeprazole Tenatoprazole Timoprazole
Potassium-competitive acid blockers ("-prazan")	Linaprazan Revaprazan Soraprazan Vonoprazan
Others	Aceglutamide aluminum Acetoxolone Alginic acid Arbaclofen placarbil Bismuth subcitrate Carbenoxolone Cetraxate Gefarnate Irsogladine Lesogaberan Pirenzepine Proglumide Rebamipide Sucralfate Sulglicotide Telenzepine Teprenone Troxipide Zinc L-carnosine Zolimidine
Combinations	Bismuth subcitrate/metronidazole/tetracycline Omeprazole/amoxicillin/rifabutin Vonoprazan/amoxicillin Vonoprazan/amoxicillin/clarithromycin
See also: Helicobacter pylori* eradication protocols*
^#WHO-EM ^‡Withdrawn from market Clinical trials: ^†Phase III ^§Never to phase III

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators

mAChRs

Agonists

Antagonists

Precursors
(and prodrugs)

See also: Receptor/signaling modulators; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators; Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators

v t e Tricyclics
Classes	Acridine Anthracene Dibenzazepine Dibenzocycloheptene Dibenzodiazepine Dibenzothiazepine Dibenzothiepin Dibenzoxazepine Dibenzoxepin Phenothiazine Pyridazinobenzoxazine Pyridinobenzodiazepine Thioxanthene
Antidepressants (Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs))	Amoxapine Amezepine Amineptine Amitriptyline Amitriptylinoxide Amoxapine Aptazapine Azepindole Batelapine Butriptyline Cianopramine Ciclazindol Cidoxepin Clomipramine Cotriptyline Cyanodothiepin Demexiptiline Depramine (balipramine) (desmethylimipramine) Desmethylclomipramine Desmethyltrimipramine Dibenzepin Dimetacrine Dosulepin (dothiepin) Doxepin Enprazepine Fantridone Fluotracen Hepzidine Homopipramol Imipramine Imipraminoxide Intriptyline Iprindole Ketipramine Litracen Lofepramine Losindole Loxapine Maprotiline Mariptiline Mazindol Melitracen Metapramine Mezepine Mirtazapine Monometacrine Nitroxazepine Norbutriptyline Nordoxepin Northiaden (nordosulepin) Nortriptyline (noramitriptyline) Noxiptiline Octriptyline Opipramol Pipofezine Pirandamine Propizepine Protriptyline Quinupramine Spiroxepin Tandamine Tampramine Tianeptine Tienopramine Trimipramine
Antihistamines	Azatadine Bisulepin Clobenzepam Cyproheptadine Dacemazine Deptropine Desloratadine Epinastine Etymemazine Fenethazine Hydroxyethylpromethazine Isopromethazine Isothipendyl Ketotifen Latrepirdine Loratadine Mebhydrolin Mequitazine Methdilazine Olopatadine Oxomemazine Phenindamine Pimethixene Promethazine Propiomazine Rupatadine Thiazinamium
Antipsychotics	Acetophenazine Alimemazine Amoxapine Asenapine Butaclamol Butaperazine Carfenazine (carphenazine) Carpipramine Chlorpromazine Chlorprothixene Ciclindole Citatepine Clocapramine Clomacran Clorotepine Clotiapine Clozapine Cyanothepin Doclothepin Docloxythepin Erizepine Flucindole Flumezapine Fluotracen Flupentixol Fluphenazine Gevotroline Homopipramol Isofloxythepin Levomepromazine/Methotrimeprazine Loxapine Lurasidone Maroxepin Meperathiepin Mesoridazine Metiapine Metitepine Metoxepin Mosapramine Naranol Octomethothepin Olanzapine Oxyclothepin Oxyprothepin Pentiapine Peradithiepin Perathiepin Perazine Perphenazine Periciazine Pinoxepin Piperacetazine Pipotiazine Piquindone Prochlorperazine Promazine Prothipendyl Quetiapine Savoxepin/Cipazoxapine Sulforidazine Tenilapine Thiethylperazine Thiopropazate Thioridazine Thiothixene Tilozepine Traboxopine Trifluoperazine Triflupromazine Trifluthepin Zotepine Zuclopenthixol
Anticonvulsants	Carbamazepine Dizocilpine Eslicarbazepine Eslicarbazepine acetate Etazepine Licarbazepine Oxcarbazepine Oxitriptyline Rispenzepine
Anticholinergics	Profenamine Tropatepine
Others	Adosopine Aminopromazine Atiprosin Beloxepin Benzoctamine Carvedilol Cidoxepin Cyclobenzaprine Damotepine Darenzepine Elanzepine Fluradoline Methylene blue Monatepil Nuvenzepine Oxetorone Perlapine Pipazethate P7C3 Pinadoline Pirenzepine Pirolate Pitrazepin Pizotifen Serazapine Siltenzepine Telenzepine Tipindole Zolenzepine

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See also

References