A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
| West Country English | |
|---|---|
| Native to | England |
| Region | West Country |
| Ethnicity | English |
Early forms | |
| Dialects | West Country dialects |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
 The official region of South West England, approximately co-extensive with the areas where "West Country" varieties are spoken. | |
| Coordinates: 50°43′N 3°43′W / 50.717°N 3.717°W | |
West Country English is a group of English language varieties and accents used by much of the native population of the West Country, an area found in the southwest of England.[1]
The West Country is often defined as encompassing the official region of South West England: Cornwall, and the counties of, Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire, Bristol and Gloucestershire. However, the exact northern and eastern boundaries of the area are hard to define. In the adjacent counties of Herefordshire, Worcestershire, Hampshire, Berkshire and Oxfordshire, it is possible to encounter similar accents and, indeed, much the same distinct dialect, albeit with some similarities to others in neighbouring regions. Although natives of all these locations, especially in rural parts, often still have West Country influences in their speech, their increased mobility and urbanisation has meant that in the more populous of these counties the dialect itself, as opposed to the people's various local accents, is becoming increasingly rare.
Academically the regional variations are considered to be dialectal forms. The Survey of English Dialects captured manners of speech across the South West region that were just as different from Standard English as any from the far North of England. There is some influence from the Welsh and Cornish languages depending on the specific location.
In literature, film and television
In literary contexts, most of the usage has been in either poetry or dialogue, to add "local colour". It has rarely been used for serious prose in recent times but was used much more extensively up until the 19th century. West Country dialects are commonly represented as "Mummerset", a kind of catchall southern rural accent invented for broadcasting.
Early period
- The Late West Saxon dialect was the standard literary language of later Anglo-Saxon England, and consequently the majority of Anglo-Saxon literature, including the epic poem Beowulf and the poetic Biblical paraphrase Judith, is preserved in West Saxon dialect, though not all of it was originally written in West Saxon.
- In the medieval period Sumer is icumen in (13th century) is a notable example of a work in the dialect.
- The Cornish language (and Breton) descended from the ancient British language (Brythonic/Brittonic) that was spoken all over what is now the West Country until the West Saxons conquered and settled most of the area. The Cornish language throughout much of the High Middle Ages was not just the vernacular but the prestigious language in Cornwall among all classes, but was also spoken in large areas of Devon well after the Norman conquest. Cornish began to decline after the Late Middle Ages with English expanding westwards, and after the Prayer Book Rebellion, suffered terminal decline, dying out in the 18th century. (Its existence today is a revival).
17th century
- In King Lear, Edgar speaks in the West Country dialect, as one of his various personae.
- Both Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh were noted at the Court of Queen Elizabeth for their strong Devon accents.
18th century
- Tom Jones (1749) by Henry Fielding, set in Somerset, again mainly dialogue. Considered one of the first true English novels.[2]
19th century
- William Barnes' Dorset dialect poetry (1801–1886).
- Walter Hawken Tregellas (1831–1894), author of many stories written in the local dialect of the county of Cornwall and a number of other works.
- Anthony Trollope's (1815–1882) series of books Chronicles of Barsetshire (1855–1867) also use some dialect in dialogue.
- The novels of Thomas Hardy (1840–1928) often use the dialect in dialogue, notably Tess of the D'Urbervilles (1891).
- Wiltshire Rhymes and Tales in the Wiltshire Dialect (1894) and other works by Edward Slow.[3]
- The Gilbert and Sullivan operetta The Sorcerer is set in the fictional village of Ploverleigh in Somerset. Some dialogue and song lyrics, especially for the chorus, are a phonetic approximation of West Country speech. The Pirates of Penzance and Ruddigore are both set in Cornwall.
- John Davey a farmer from Zennor, records the native Cornish language Cranken Rhyme.
- R. D. Blackmore's Lorna Doone. According to Blackmore, he relied on a "phonogogic" style for his characters' speech, emphasizing their accents and word formation.[4] He expended great effort, in all of his novels, on his characters' dialogues and dialects, striving to recount realistically not only the ways, but also the tones and accents, in which thoughts and utterances were formed by the various sorts of people who lived in the Exmoor district.
20th century
- 'Zummerzet speech' is discussed in The Somerset Coast (1909) by Charles George Harper.[5]
- Songs of the Soil by Percy G Stone, verse in Isle of Wight dialect, rendered phonetically, showing similarities with 'core' West Country dialects.[6]
- A Glastonbury Romance (1933) by John Cowper Powys (1872–1963) contains dialogue written in imitation of the local Somerset dialect.
- Albert John Coles, (1876–1965), writing as Jan Stewer, wrote 3,000 short stories in the Devonshire dialect for local Devon newspapers, and published collections of them, as well as performing them widely on stage, film, and broadcast.
- David Foot (1929–2021) wrote often about the West Country. Footsteps from East Coker was about his childhood village and beyond.
- Laurie Lee's (1914–1997) works such as Cider with Rosie (1959) portray a somewhat idealised Gloucestershire childhood in the Five Valleys area.
- John Fowles's Daniel Martin, which features the title character's girlfriend's dialect.
- Dennis Potter's Blue Remembered Hills is a television play about children in the Forest of Dean during the Second World War. The dialogue is written in the style of the Forest dialect.
- The songs of Adge Cutler (from Nailsea, died 1974) were famous for their West Country dialect, sung in a strong Somerset accent. His legacy lives on in the present day Wurzels and other so-called "Scrumpy and Western" artists.[7]
- The folk group The Yetties perform songs composed in the dialect of Dorset (they originate from Yetminster).
- Andy Partridge, lead singer with the group XTC, has a pronounced Wiltshire accent. Although more noticeable in his speech, his accent may also be heard in some of his singing.
- J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter fantasy novels feature Hagrid, a character who has a West Country accent.[8]
- Berk, the central monster character from The Trap Door, voiced by actor and comedian Willie Rushton.
- Archaeologist Phil Harding from Channel 4's Time Team speaks with a strong Wiltshire accent.
History and origins
Until the 19th century, the West Country and its dialects were largely protected from outside influences, due to its relative geographical isolation. While standard English derives from the Old English Mercian dialects, the West Country dialects derive from the West Saxon dialect, which formed the earliest English language standard. Thomas Spencer Baynes claimed in 1856 that, due to its position at the heart of the Kingdom of Wessex, the relics of Anglo-Saxon accent, idiom and vocabulary were best preserved in the Somerset dialect.[9]
The dialects have their origins in the expansion of Anglo-Saxon into the west of modern-day England, where the kingdom of Wessex (West-Saxons) had been founded in the 6th century. As the Kings of Wessex became more powerful they enlarged their kingdom westwards and north-westwards by taking territory from the British kingdoms in those districts. From Wessex, the Anglo-Saxons spread into the Celtic regions of present-day Devon, Somerset and Gloucestershire, bringing their language with them. At a later period Cornwall came under Wessex influence, which appears to become more extensive after the time of Athelstan in the 10th century. However the spread of the English language took much longer here than elsewhere.
Outside Cornwall, it is believed that the various local dialects reflect the territories of various West Saxon tribes, who had their own dialects[10] which fused together into a national language in the later Anglo-Saxon period.[11]
As Lt-Col. J. A. Garton observed in 1971,[12] traditional Somerset English has a venerable and respectable origin, and is not a mere "debasement" of Standard English:
The dialect is not, as some people suppose, English spoken in a slovenly and ignorant way. It is the remains of a language—the court language of King Alfred. Many words, thought to be wrongly pronounced by the countryman, are actually correct, and it is the accepted pronunciation which is wrong. English pronounces W-A-R-M worm, and W-O-R-M wyrm; in the dialect W-A-R-M is pronounced as it is spelt, Anglo-Saxon W-E-A-R-M. The Anglo-Saxon for worm is W-Y-R-M. Polite English pronounces W-A-S-P wosp; the Anglo-Saxon word is W-O-P-S and a Somerset man still says WOPSE. The verb To Be is used in the old form, I be, Thee bist, He be, We be, Thee 'rt, They be. 'Had I known I wouldn't have gone', is 'If I'd a-know'd I 'ooden never a-went'; 'A' is the old way of denoting the past participle, and went is from the verb to wend (Anglo-Saxon wendan).
In some cases, many of these forms are closer to modern Saxon (commonly called Low German/Low Saxon) than Standard British English is, e.g.
| Low German | Somerset | Standard British English |
| Ik bün | I be/A be | I am |
| Du büst | Thee bist | You are (archaic "Thou art") |
| He is | He be | He is |
The use of masculine and sometimes feminine, rather than neuter, pronouns with non-animate referents also parallels Low German, which unlike English retains grammatical genders. The pronunciation of "s" as "z" is also similar to Low German. However, recent research proposes that some syntactical features of English, including the unique forms of the verb to be, originate rather with the Brythonic languages. (See Celtic language influence below.)
In more recent times, West Country dialects have been treated with some derision, which has led many local speakers to abandon them or water them down.[13] In particular it is British comedy which has brought them to the fore outside their native regions, and paradoxically groups such as The Wurzels, a comic North Somerset/Bristol band from whom the term Scrumpy and Western music originated, have both popularised and made fun of them simultaneously. In an unusual regional breakout, the Wurzels' song "The Combine Harvester" reached the top of the UK charts in 1976, where it did nothing to dispel the "simple farmer" stereotype of Somerset and West Country folk. It and all their songs are sung entirely in a local version of the dialect, which is somewhat exaggerated and distorted.[14] Some words used aren't even typical of the local dialect. For instance, the word "nowt" is used in the song "Threshing Machine". This word is generally used in more northern parts of England, with the West Country equivalent being "nawt".
Celtic-language influence
Although the English language gradually spread into Cornwall after approximately the 13th century, a complete language shift to English took centuries more. The linguistic boundary between English in the east and Cornish in the west shifted markedly in the county between 1300 and 1750 (see figure). This is not to be thought of as a sharp boundary, and it should not be inferred that there were no Cornish speakers to the east of the line and no English speakers to the west. Nor should it be inferred that the boundary suddenly moved a great distance every 50 years.
During the Prayer Book Rebellion of 1549, which centred on Devon and Cornwall, many of the Cornish objected to the Book of Common Prayer, on the basis that many Cornish could not speak English. Cornish probably ceased to be spoken as a community language sometime around 1780, with the last monoglot Cornish speaker believed to be Chesten Marchant, who died in 1676 at Gwithian (Dolly Pentreath was bilingual). However, some people retained a fragmented knowledge and some words were adopted by dialect(s) in Cornwall.
In recent years, the traffic has reversed, with the revived Cornish language reclaiming Cornish words that had been preserved in the local dialect into its lexicon, and also (especially "Revived Late Cornish") borrowing other dialect words. However, there has been some controversy over whether all of these words are of native origin, as opposed to imported from parts of England, or the Welsh Marches. Some modern-day revived Cornish speakers have been known to use Cornish words within an English sentence, and even those who are not speakers of the language sometimes use words from the language in names.[15]
Brythonic languages have also had a long-term influence on the West Country dialects beyond Cornwall, both as a substrate (certain West Country dialect words and possibly grammatical features) and languages of contact. Recent research on the roots of English proposes that the extent of Brythonic syntactic influence on Old English and Middle English may have been underestimated, specifically citing the preponderance of forms of the verbs to be and to do in South West England and their grammatical similarity to the Welsh and Cornish forms as opposed to the forms in other Germanic languages.[16]
Bos: Cornish verb to be
| Present Tense (short form) | Present tense (subjunctive) | Standard British English |
| Ov | Biv | I am (dialect: "I be") |
| Os | Bi | You are (dialect: "(Th)ee be") |
| Yw | Bo | He/she/it is |
| On | Byn | We are |
| Owgh | Bowgh | You are (plural) |
| Yns | Bons | They are |
The Cornish dialect, or Anglo-Cornish (to avoid confusion with the Cornish language), has the most substantial Celtic language influence because many western parts were non-English speaking even into the early modern period. In places such as Mousehole, Newlyn and St Ives, fragments of Cornish survived in English even into the 20th century, e.g. some numerals (especially for counting fish) and the Lord's Prayer were noted by W. D. Watson in 1925,[17] Edwin Norris collected the Creed in 1860,[17] and J. H. Nankivel also recorded numerals in 1865.[17] The dialect of West Penwith is particularly distinctive, especially in terms of grammar.[vague] This is most likely due to the late decay of the Cornish language in this area. In Cornwall the following places were included in the Survey of English Dialects: Altarnun, Egloshayle, Gwinear, Kilkhampton, Mullion, St Buryan, and St Ewe.
In other areas, Celtic vocabulary is less common, but it is notable that "coombe", cognate with Welsh cwm, was borrowed from Brythonic into Old English and is common in placenames east of the Tamar, especially Devon, and also in northern Somerset around Bath and the examples Hazeley Combe and Combley Great Wood (despite spelling difference, both are pronounced 'coombe') are to be found as far away as the Isle of Wight. Some possible examples of Brythonic words surviving in the Devon dialect include:
- Goco — A bluebell
- Jonnick — Pleasant, agreeable
Characteristics
Phonology
- West Country accents are rhotic like most Canadian, American, Irish and Scottish accents, meaning that the historical loss of non-syllable-final /r/ did not take place, in contrast to non-rhotic accents like Received Pronunciation. Often, this /r/ is specifically realised as the retroflex approximant ,[18] which is typically lengthened at the ends of words. Rhoticity appears to be declining in both real and apparent time in some areas of the West Country, for example Dorset.[19]
- /aɪ/, as in guide or life, more precisely approaches , , or .[20][18]
- /aʊ/, as in house or cow, more precisely approaches or ,[18] with even very front and unrounded variants such as .[20]
- Word-final "-ing" /ɪŋ/ in polysyllabic words is typically realised as .
- /æ/, as in trap or cat, is often open , the more open variant is fairly common in urban areas but especially common in rural areas.[20]
- The TRAP–BATH split associated with London English may not exist for some speakers or may exist marginally based simply on a length difference. In other words, some may not have any contrast between /æ/ and /ɑː/, for example making palm and Pam homophones (though some pronounce the /l/ in palm).[21] For some West Country speakers, the vowel is even the same in the TRAP, BATH, PALM, and START word sets: .[20] The split's "bath" vowel (appearing as the letter "a" in such other words as grass, ask, path, etc.) can also be represented by the sounds [æː] or [aː] in different parts of the West Country (RP has in such words); the isoglosses in the Linguistic Atlas of England are not straightforward cases of clear borders. Short vowels have also been reported, e.g., .[20][22]
- h-dropping: initial /h/ can often be omitted so "hair" and "air" become homophones. This is common in working-class speech in most parts of England.
- t-glottalisation: use of the glottal stop as an allophone of /t/, generally when in any syllable-final position.
- The word-final letter "y" is pronounced ei or ɪi;[18] for example: party ˈpʰäɻʔei, silly ˈsɪlei etc.
- The Survey of English Dialects found that Cornwall retained some older features of speech that are now considered "Northern" in England. For example, a close /ʊ/ in suck, but, cup, etc. and sometimes a short /a/ in words such as aunt.
- Initial fricative consonants can be voiced, particularly in more traditional and older speakers, so that "s" is pronounced as Standard English "z" and "f" as Standard English "v".[18] This feature is now exceedingly rare.[20]
- In words containing "r" before a vowel, there is frequent metathesis – "gurt" (great), "Burdgwater" (Bridgwater) and "chillurn" (children)
- "l" sounds are vocalised (pronounced like "w") when not followed by a vowel, so "all old people" is uːɫ ɔʊb pʰiːpʰu.
- As a result, the fool-fall merger is common, with both pronounced /fuː(l)/.
- In Bristol, a terminal "a" can be realised as the sound ɔː – e.g. cinema as "cinemaw" and America as "Americaw" – which is often perceived by non-Bristolians to be an intrusive "l", known as the "Bristol l".[23] Hence the old joke about the three Bristolian sisters Evil, Idle and Normal – i.e.: Eva, Ida, and Norma. The name Bristol itself (originally Bridgestowe or Bristow) is often claimed to have originated from this local pronunciation, though this is contested.[24]
Vocabularyedit
- Some of the vocabulary used relates to English words of a bygone era, e.g. the verb "to hark" (as in "'ark a'ee"), "thee" (often abbreviated to "'ee"), the increased use of the infinitive form of the verb "to be" etc.
Some of these terms are obsolete, but some are in current use.
| Phrase | Meaning |
|---|---|
| acker (North Somerset, Hampshire, Isle of Wight) | friend |
| afear'd (Dorset) | to be afraid, e.g. Dorset's official motto, "Who's afear'd". |
| Alaska (North Somerset) | I will ask her |
| Allernbatch (Devon) | old sore |
| Alright me Ansum? (Cornwall & Devon) | How are you, my friend? |
| Alright me Babber? (Somerset), Gloucestershire and Bristol | Similar to "Alright me ansum". |
| Alright my Luvver? | (just as with the phrase "alright mate", when said by a person from the West Country, it has no carnal connotations, it is merely a greeting. Commonly used across the West Country) |
| anywhen (Hampshire, Isle of Wight) | at any time |
| 'appen (Devon) | perhaps, possibly |
| Appleknocker (Isle of Wight) | a resident of the Isle of Wight.[25] |
| arable (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire and the Isle of Wight) | (from "horrible"), often used for a road surface, as in "Thic road be arable" |
| Bad Lot (North Somerset) | e.g. "They'm a bad lot, mind" |
| baint (Dorset) | am not e.g. "I baint afear'd o' thic wopsy". |
| bauy, bay, bey (Exeter) | boy |
| Beached Whale (Cornwall) | many meanings, most commonly used to mean a gurt emmet |
| Benny (Bristol) | to lose your temper (from a character in Crossroads) |
| Billy Baker (Yeovil) | woodlouse |
| blige (Bristol) | blimey |
| Boris (Exeter) | daddy longlegs |
| Bunny (West Hampshire/East Dorset) | steep wooded valley |
| Caulkhead (Isle of Wight) | a long-standing island resident, usually a descendant of a family living there. This refers to the island's heavy involvement in the production of rope and caulk. |
| cheers (Dorset/Wiltshire/Gloucestershire) | Goodbye or see you later, e.g. Bob: I've got to get going now, Bar. Bar: Ah? Cheers then, Bob. |
| cheerzen/Cheers'en (Somerset, Bristol) | Thank you (from Cheers, then) |
| chinny reckon (North Somerset) | I do not believe you in the slightest (from older West Country English ich ne reckon 'I don't reckon/calculate') |
| chine (East Dorset/Isle of Wight) | steep wooded valley |
| chiggy wig (Dorset) | Woodlouse |
| chuggy pig (North Somerset) | woodlouse |
| chump (North Somerset) | log (for the fire) |
| chuting (North Somerset) | (pronounced "shooting") guttering |
| comical (North Somerset, Isle of Wight) | peculiar, e.g. 'e were proper comical |
| combe (Devon,Somerset,Wiltshire, Isle of Wight) (pronounced 'coombe') | steep wooded valley |
| coombe (Devon, North Somerset, Dorset) | steep wooded valley. Combe/Coombe is the second most common placename element in Devon and is equivalent to the Welsh cwm. |
| coupie/croupie (North Somerset,Wiltshire, Dorset, Isle of Wight & Bristol) | crouch, as in the phrase coupie down |
| crowst (Cornwall) | a picnic lunch, crib |
| cuzzel (Cornwall) | soft |
| daddy granfer (North Somerset) | woodlouse |
| daps (Bristol, Wiltshire, Dorset, Somerset, Gloucestershire) | sportshoes (plimsolls or trainers) (also used widely in South Wales) |
| Diddykai, Diddycoy, Diddy (Isle of Wight, Hampshire, Somerset, Wiltshire) | Gypsy, Traveller |
| dimpsy (Devon) | describing the state of twilight as in its getting a bit dimpsy |
| dizzibles (Isle of Wight) | state of undress (from French deshabille) |
| doughboy (Dorset, Somerset) | dumpling |
| Dreckley (Cornwall, Devon, Somerset & Isle of Wight) | soon, like mañana, but less urgent (from directly once in common English usage for straight away or directly) I be wiv 'ee dreckley or ee looked me dreckly in the eyes. |
| drive (Bristol, Gloucestershire, Somerset & Wiltshire) | any driver of a taxi or bus. A common gesture when disembarking from a bus is "Cheers drive!" |
| Emmet (Cornwall and North Somerset) | tourist or visitor (derogatory) |
| et (North Somerset) | that, e.g. Giss et peak (Give me that pitchfork) |
| facety/facetie (Glos.) | stuck up, entitled, snobbish e.g. She's a right facety one (she is very snobbish) |
| gallybagger (Isle of Wight) | scarecrow |
| Geddon alt; geddy on (Crediton, Devon) | Get on, e.g. geddon chap! enthusiastic encouragement or delight |
| gert lush (Bristol) | very good |
| gleanie (North Somerset) | guinea fowl |
| gockey (Cornwall) | idiot |
| gramersow (Cornwall) | woodlouse |
| granfer | grandfather |
| granfergrig (Wiltshire) | woodlouse |
| grockle (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire,west Hampshire and the Isle of Wight) | tourist, visitor or gypsy (derogatory) |
| grockle shell (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire and the Isle of Wight) | caravan or motor home (derogatory) |
| grockle can (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire and the Isle of Wight) | a bus or a coach carrying tourists (derogatory) |
| gurt (Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Bristol,Wiltshire, South Glos and the Isle of Wight) | big or great, used to express a large size often as extra emphasis That's a gurt big tractor!. |
| haling (North Somerset) | coughing |
| (h)ang' about (Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Hampshire & the Isle of Wight) | Wait or Pause but often exclaimed when a sudden thought occurs. |
| hark at he (Dorset, Wiltshire, Somerset, Hampshire, Isle of Wight) (pronounced 'ark a' 'ee) | listen to him, often sarcastic. |
| headlights (Cornwall) | light-headedness, giddiness |
| hilts and gilts (North Somerset) | female and male piglets, respectively. |
| hinkypunk | Will o' the wisp |
| hucky duck (Somerset, particularly Radstock) | Aqueduct (Aqueduct was a rather new-fangled word for the Somerset colliers of the time and got corrupted to 'Hucky Duck'.) |
| huppenstop (North Somerset) | raised stone platform where milk churns are left for collection — no longer used but many still exist outside farms. |
| ideal (Bristol,North Somerset) | idea; In Bristol there is a propensity for local speakers to add an l to words ending with a |
| In any case | |
| Janner (Devon, esp. Plymouth) | a term with various meanings, normally associated with Devon. An old term for someone who makes their living off of the sea. Plymothians are often generally referred to as Janners, and supporters of the city's football team Plymouth Argyle are sometimes also referred to thus. In Wiltshire, a similar word ' jidder ' is used — possible relation to 'gypsy'. |
| Janny Reckon (Cornwall and Devon) | Derived from Chinny Reckon and Janner, and is often used in response to a wildly exaggerated fisherman's tale. |
| Jasper (Devon, Wiltshire, West Hampshire) | wasp. |
| keendle teening (Cornwall) | candle lighting |
| kern (Somerset) | to thicken, particularly in reference to dairy products — 'kerned yogurt' |
| Kimberlin (Portland) | someone from Weymouth or further away — not a Portlander |
| Love, My Love, Luvver | Terms of endearment when used on their own. Can also be joined to a greeting and used towards strangers, e.g. "Good morning my luvver" may be said by a shop keeper to a customer. See also "Alright my Luvver?". |
| Ling (Cornwall) | to throw Ling 'ee 'ere — Throw it here |
| Madderdo'ee (Cornwall) | Does it matter? |
| maid (Dorset, Devon) | girl |
| maggoty (Dorset) | fanciful |
| mackey (Bristol) | massive or large, often to benefit |
| mallyshag (Isle of Wight) | caterpillar |
| mang (Devon) | to mix |
| mush (Dorset, Gloucestershire, south Hampshire) | friendly greeting as in mate |
| nipper (Isle of Wight/Gloucestershire) | a young boy, also a term of endearment between heterosexual men used in the same way as 'mate'. |
| Now we're farming. (Somerset) | Term to describe when something is proceeding nicely or as planned, used in a similar way to the phrase 'now we're cooking with gas'. |
| old butt (Gloucestershire, Forest of Dean) | friend |
| Ooh Arr (Devon) | multiple meanings, including "oh yes". Popularised by the Wurzels, this phrase has become stereotypical, and is used often to mock speakers of West Country dialects. In the modern day Ooh Ah is commonly used as the correct phrase though mostly avoided due to stereotypes. |
| Ort/Ought Nort/Nought (Devon) | Something / "Nothing I a'en got ought for'ee" = "I have nothing for you", "'Er did'n give I nought" = "He gave me nothing" |
| Overner (Isle of Wight) | not from the Island, a mainland person. Extremely common usage |
| Overlander (Isle of Wight) | a non-resident of the Island, an outsider. Overner (see above) is the abbreviated form of this word, and 'Overlander' is also used in parts of Australia. |
| Parcel of ol' Crams (Devon) | "a phrase with which the native sum up and dismisses everything that he ... (a) cannot comprehend, (b) does not believe, (c) has no patience with, or (d) is entertained by but unwilling to praise."[26] |
| piggy widden (Cornwall) | phrase used to calm babies |
| pitching (Bristol,Somerset, Wiltshire) | settling on the ground (of snow) |
| plim up, plimmed (North Somerset,west Hampshire) | swell up, swollen |
| poached, -ing up (North Somerset but also recently heard on The Archers) | cutting up, of a field, as in the ground's poaching up, we'll have to bring the cattle indoors for the winter. |
| proper job | (Devon, Cornwall, Dorset, Somerset, Isle of Wight) Something done well or a general expression of satisfaction. |
| pummy (Dorset) | Apple pumace from the cider-wring (either from pumace or French pomme meaning apple) |
| scag (North Somerset) | to tear or catch ("I've scagged me jeans on thacky barbed wire. I've scagged me 'ook up 'round down 'by Swyre 'ed") |
| scrage | a scratch or scrape usually on a limb BBC Voices Project |
| scrope (Dorset) | to move awkwardly or clumsily through overgrowth or vegetation. |
| skew-whiff (Dorset & Devon) | crooked, slanting, awry. |
| slit pigs (North Somerset) | male piglets that have been castrated |
| smooth (Bristol & Somerset) | to stroke (e.g. cat or dog) |
| Sound (Devon & North Gloucestershire) | many meanings, but mainly to communicate gratitude, appreciation and/or mutual respect. |
| somewhen (Dorset, Isle of Wight) | At some time (still very commonly used). Occasionally used elsewhere, though considered informal, it has an equivalent in German as irgendwann. |
| sprieve (Wiltshire) | Dry after a bath, shower or swim by evaporation. |
| spuddler (Devon) | Somebody attempting to stir up trouble. e.g. That's not true, you spuddlin' bugger! |
| thic (Dorset, North Somerset) | that — said knowingly, i.e. to make dialect deliberately stronger. E.g. Get in thic bed! |
| thic/thac/they thiccy/thaccy/they (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire) | This, that, those. e.g. Put'n in thic yer box. Put it in this box here. Whad'v'ee done wi' thaccy pile o'dashels? What have you done with that pile of thistles |
| tinklebob (Dorset) | an icicle. |
| wambling (Dorset) | wandering, aimless (see A Pair of Blue Eyes by Thomas Hardy) |