Middle East
Countries (2018)	Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq (Iraqi Kurdistan), Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, North Cyprus*, Oman, Palestine*, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria (DFNS), Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen

This is a list of modern conflicts in the Middle East ensuing in the geographic and political region known as the Middle East. The "Middle East" is traditionally defined as the Fertile Crescent (Mesopotamia), Levant, and Egypt and neighboring areas of Arabia, Anatolia and Iran. It currently encompasses the area from Egypt, Turkey and Cyprus in the west to Iran and the Persian Gulf in the east,^[1] and from Turkey and Iran in the north, to Yemen and Oman in the south.

• Conflicts are separate incidents with at least 100 casualties, and are listed by total deaths, including sub-conflicts.^[2]
• The term "modern" refers to the First World War and later period, in other words, since 1914.

List of conflicts

Date	Conflict	Location	Casualties
1902–1932	Unification of Saudi Arabia	Riyadh Hejaz Kuwait Nejd Transjordan Mandatory Iraq Nejd and Hejaz	8,000–9,000
1909–1910	Zaraniq rebellion	Ottoman Empire	830+
1914–1918	Middle Eastern theatre of World War I	Ottoman Empire Persia Egypt Nejd and Hasa Jabal Shammar Kuwait Lahej Armenia Azerbaijan	Ottoman Empire deaths including civilians: 2,825,000[3][4][5]–5,000,000[6] Allied killed, wounded, captured or missing: 1,000,000–1,500,000 [citation needed] Persians died by famine or disease, excluding influenza: 2,000,000[7][8][9]
1918–1922	Simko Shikak revolt[10]	Persia	1,000–5,500
1919	Egyptian Revolution of 1919[11]	Egypt	3,000
1919–1923	Turkish War of Independence	Ottoman Empire  Greece  Armenia  Soviet Union	170,500–873,000
1919–2003	Iraqi–Kurdish conflict	Mandatory Iraq Kingdom of Iraq Iraq Kingdom of Kurdistan	139,000–320,000 killed
1920	Franco-Syrian War	Arab Kingdom of Syria OETA	5,000
1920	Iraqi revolt against the British[12][13]	Mandatory Iraq	2,050–9,000
1921–1948	Sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine	Mandatory Palestine	7,813
1923	Adwan Rebellion	Transjordan	100
1925–1927	Great Syrian Revolt (Druze War)[14]	Greater Lebanon State of Syria Jabal Druze Alawite State	8,000–12,000
1925	Sheikh Said rebellion[15]	Turkey	15,000–250,500
1930	Ararat rebellion[16][17][18][19][20]	Turkey Republic of Ararat	4,500–47,000
1933	Simele massacre[21]	Kingdom of Iraq	3,000
1934	Saudi-Yemeni War[22]	Saudi Arabia  Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen	2,100
1935	Imam Reza shrine rebellion[23]	Iran	151
1935–1936	1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts	Iraq	500
1935	1935 Yazidi revolt[21]	Iraq	200
1936	1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
1937	Dersim rebellion[24]	Turkey	40,000–70,000
1939–1945	Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II Italian invasion of Egypt Bombing of Bahrain in World War II Italian bombing of Mandatory Palestine in World War II Anglo-Iraqi War Syria–Lebanon campaign Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran	Iraq Iran French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon  Mandatory Palestine	≈16,000[citation needed]
1946	Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine
1946	Egyptian Student Riots[25][26]	Egypt	100–300
1946	Iran crisis of 1946[2][15]	Iran  Republic of Mahabad Azerbaijan People's Government	2,000
1948–	Arab–Israeli conflict	Egypt All-Palestine Government  Egypt  United Arab Republic  Syrian Republic  Ba'athist Syria  Jordan  Lebanon  Israel  Palestinian Authority	73,000–84,000
1948	Alwaziri coup[2]	Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen	4,000–5,000
1948	Al-Wathbah uprising	Iraq	300–400
1952	Egyptian revolution of 1952[2]	Egypt	1,000
1953	1953 Iranian coup d'état[2][15][27]	Iran	300–800
1954–1960	Jebel Akhdar War[15]	Muscat and Oman	100–523
1955–1959	Cyprus Emergency[28][29]	Cyprus	400–600
1956	Suez Crisis
1956–1960	Yemeni–Adenese clan violence[2]	Aden	1,000
1958	1958 Lebanon Crisis[2][11][29]	Lebanon	1,300–4,000
1958	1958 Iraqi Revolution[2]	Arab Federation	100
1959	1959 Mosul uprising[2]	Iraqi Republic	2,000–4,000
1962–1970	North Yemen Civil War[30][31]	North Yemen  Saudi Arabia  Egypt	100,000–200,000
1962–1975	Dhofar Rebellion[15]	Oman	10,000
1963	1963 Riots in Iran[15]	Iran	100
1963	February 1963 Ba'athist Iraqi coup[32]	Iraq	1,000
1963	8th of March Syrian Revolution[33]	United Arab Republic  Syria	820
1963–1967	Aden Emergency[34]	Federation of South Arabia  South Yemen	2,096
1963	November 1963 Iraqi coup[32]	Iraq	250
1964	1964 Hama riot[35][36]	Syria	70–100
1966	1966 neo-Ba'athist coup d'état in Syria[15]	Syria	400
1966	1966 Arif Abd ar-Razzaq second coup[37]	Iraq	80–100
1970–1971	Black September[29]	Jordan	2,000–25,000
1972	Yemenite War of 1972	South Yemen  North Yemen	100+
1974	Turkish invasion of Cyprus[22][38]	Cyprus	1,500–5,000
1974	Shatt al-Arab clashes[39]	Iran	1,000
1975–1990	Lebanese Civil War[40]	Lebanon	150,000
1976–1980	Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)[41][42][43]	Turkey	5,000–5,388
1978–1982	NDF Rebellion	North Yemen	100+
1978–	Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)[44]	Turkey  Iraqi Kurdistan  Iraq	30,000–100,000
1979	Yemenite War of 1979	South Yemen  North Yemen	1,000+
1979	Iranian Revolution[45][46]	Iran	3,164–60,000
1979–1980	Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution	Iran	10,171
1979–1983	Saudi Eastern Province unrest[47]	Saudi Arabia	182–219
1979	Grand Mosque seizure[48]	Saudi Arabia	307
1979–1982	Islamist uprising in Syria	Syria	40,000+
1980	1980 Turkish coup d'état[49][50]	Turkey	127–550
1980	1980 Sadr uprising[51]	Iraq	1,000–30,000
1980–1988	Iran–Iraq War[22][52]	Iran  Iraq  Kuwait	1,000,000–1,250,000
1986	South Yemen Civil War[53]	South Yemen	5,000–12,000
1986	1986 Egyptian Conscription Riot[54]	Egypt	107
1986	1986 Damascus bombings[55]	Syria	204
1987	Iranian pilgrim riot (Mecca massacre)[56]	Saudi Arabia	402
1987–1988	ANO Executions	Lebanon  Syria	170
1989–1996	KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)	Iran	168–503
1990–1991	Gulf War[40]	Iraq  Kuwait  Saudi Arabia	40,000–57,000
1991	1991 Iraqi uprisings[51][57]	Iraq	50,000–100,000
1994	1994 civil war in Yemen	Yemen	7,000–10,000
1995–	Islamic Insurgency in Saudi Arabia	Saudi Arabia	300
1998	Operation Desert Fox[28][29] (Iraqi no-fly zones)	Iraq	2,000
1999	1999 Shia uprising in Iraq[15][58]	Iraq	100–200
2003–2011	Iraq War[59][60][61][62][63][64]	Ba'athist Iraq Iraq	109,032–650,726 See also: Casualties of the Iraq War
2004	Qamishli massacre (2004)[65][66]	Syria	30–100
2004–2014	Shia insurgency in Yemen[67][68][69]	Saudi Arabia  Yemen	8,500–25,000
2004–	Iran–PJAK conflict[70]	Iran	588–747
2006–	Fatah–Hamas conflict[71][72]	Palestinian Authority Gaza Strip	600+
2006	2006 Lebanon War	Israel	≈1600
2006–	Iran–Israel proxy conflict	Iran  Israel	≈2000
2007	Nahr al-Bared fighting	Lebanon	480
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