This is a list of the tallest buildings. Tall buildings, such as skyscrapers, are intended here as enclosed structures with continuously occupiable floors and a height of at least 340 metres (1,120 ft). Such definition excludes non-building structures, such as towers.

History

Historically, the world's tallest man-made structure was the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, which held the position for over 3800 years^[3] until the construction of Lincoln Cathedral in 1311. The Strasbourg Cathedral in France, completed in 1439, was the world's tallest building until 1874.

The first skyscraper was pioneered in Chicago with the 138 ft (42.1 m) Home Insurance Building in 1885. The United States would remain the location of the world's tallest building throughout the 20th century until 1998, when the Petronas Towers were completed. Since then, two other buildings have gained the title: Taipei 101 in 2004 and Burj Khalifa in 2010.^[4] Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Middle East, China, and Southeast Asia have experienced booms in skyscraper construction.^[5]

Ranking criteria and alternatives

The international non-profit organization Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) was formed in 1969 and announces the title of "The World's Tallest Building" and sets the standards by which buildings are measured. It maintains a list of the 100 tallest completed buildings in the world.^[6] The organization currently ranks Burj Khalifa in Dubai as the tallest at 828 m (2,717 ft).^[6] However, the CTBUH only recognizes buildings that are complete, and some buildings included within the lists in this article are not considered finished by the CTBUH.

In 1996, as a response to the dispute as to whether the Petronas Towers or the Sears Tower was taller,^[7] the council listed and ranked buildings in four categories:^[8]

• height to structural or architectural top;
• height to floor of highest occupied floor;
• height to top of roof (removed as category in November 2009);^[9] and
• height to top of any part of the building.

All categories measure the building from the level of the lowest significant open-air pedestrian entrance.^[10]

Spires are considered integral parts of the architectural design of buildings, changes to which would substantially change the appearance and design of the building, whereas antennas may be added or removed without such consequences. The Petronas Towers, with their spires, are thus ranked higher than the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) with its antennas, despite the Petronas Towers' lower roofs and lower highest point.^[8]

Until 1996, the world's tallest building was defined by the height to the top of the tallest architectural element, including spires but not antennae.^[8] In 1930, this definitional argument led to a rivalry between the Bank of Manhattan Building and the Chrysler Building. The Bank of Manhattan Building (i.e. 40 Wall Street) employed only a short spire, was 282.5 m (927 ft) tall, and had a much higher top occupied floor (the second category in the 1996 criteria for tallest building). In contrast, the Chrysler Building employed a very large 38.1 m (125 ft) spire secretly assembled inside the building to claim the title of world's tallest building with a total height of 318.9 m (1,046 ft), although it had a lower top occupied floor and a shorter height when both buildings' spires were excluded.

Upset by Chrysler's victory, Shreve & Lamb, the consulting architects of the Bank of Manhattan Building, wrote a newspaper article claiming that their building was actually the tallest, since it contained the world's highest usable floor, at 255 m (837 ft). They pointed out that the observation deck in the Bank of Manhattan Building was nearly 30 m (98 ft) above the top floor in the Chrysler Building, whose surpassing spire was strictly ornamental and inaccessible.^[11]

The Burj Khalifa currently tops the list regardless of which criterion is applied, though at a much lower margin when measured to highest occupied floor.^[12][13]

Tallest buildings in the world

As of 23 May 2024, this list includes all 86 buildings (completed and architecturally topped out) that reach a height of 350 m (1,150 ft) or more, as assessed by their highest architectural feature. The building is considered as architecturally topped out when it is under construction, structurally topped out, fully clad, and the highest finished architectural elements are in place.^[10]

Of these buildings, almost half are in China. Six of the last seven buildings to have held the record as 'tallest building' are still found in the list, with the exception being the North Tower of the original World Trade Center at 417 m (1,368 ft) after its destruction in the September 11 attacks of 2001. If the Twin Towers were never destroyed, and One World Trade Center was never built, the WTC towers would rank 36 and 37 on the list today.

Clear

Denotes building that is or was once the tallest in the world

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_tallest_buildings
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	Name	Height[14]		Floors	Image	City	Country	Year	Ref
		m	ft
1	Burj Khalifa	828.0	2,717	163 (+ 2 below ground)		Dubai	United Arab Emirates	2010	[15]
2	Merdeka 118	678.9	2,227	118 (+ 5 below ground)		Kuala Lumpur	Malaysia	2023	[16]
3	Shanghai Tower	632.0	2,073	128 (+ 5 below ground)		Shanghai	China	2015	[17]
4	Abraj Al-Bait Clock Tower	601.0	1,972	120 (+ 3 below ground)		Mecca	Saudi Arabia	2012	[18]
5	Ping An International Finance Centre	599.1	1,966	115 (+ 5 below ground)		Shenzhen	China	2017	[19]
6	Lotte World Tower	554.5	1,819	123 (+ 6 below ground)		Seoul	South Korea	2017	[20]
7	One World Trade Center	541.3	1,776	94 (+ 5 below ground)		New York City	United States	2014	[21]
8	Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre	530.0	1,740	111 (+ 5 below ground)		Guangzhou	China	2016	[22]
	Tianjin CTF Finance Centre			97 (+ 4 below ground)		Tianjin		2019	[23]
10	CITIC Tower	527.7	1,731	109 (+ 8 below ground)		Beijing		2018	[24]
11	Taipei 101	508.0	1,667	101 (+ 5 below ground)		Taipei	Taiwan	2004	[a][25]
12	Shanghai World Financial Center	492.0	1,614	101 (+ 3 below ground)		Shanghai	China	2008	[26]
13	International Commerce Centre	484.0	1,588	108 (+ 4 below ground)		Hong Kong	Hong Kong	2010	[27]
14	Wuhan Greenland Center	475.6	1,560	101 (+ 6 below ground)		Wuhan	China	2023	[28]
15	Central Park Tower	472.4	1,550	98 (+ 4 below ground)		New York City	United States	2021	[29]
16	Lakhta Center	462.0	1,516	87 (+ 3 below ground)		Saint Petersburg	Russia	2019	[30]
17	Landmark 81	461.2	1,513	81 (+ 3 below ground)		Ho Chi Minh City	Vietnam	2018	[31]
18	Chongqing International Land-Sea Center	458.0	1,503	98 (+ 4 below ground)		Chongqing	China	2024
19	The Exchange 106	453.6	1,488	95 (+ 6 below ground)		Kuala Lumpur	Malaysia	2019	[32]
20	Changsha IFS Tower T1	452.1	1,483	94 (+ 5 below ground)		Changsha	China	2018	[33]
21	Petronas Tower 1	451.9	1,483	88 (+ 5 below ground)		Kuala Lumpur	Malaysia	1998	[b] [34][35]
	Petronas Tower 2
23	Zifeng Tower	450.0	1,480	89 (+ 5 below ground)		Nanjing	China	2010	[36]
	Suzhou IFS			95 (+ 5 below ground)		Suzhou		2019	[37]
25	Wuhan Center	443.1	1,454	88 (+ 4 below ground)		Wuhan		2019	[38]
26	Willis Tower	442.1	1,450	108 (+ 3 below ground)		Chicago	United States	1974	[c] [39]
27	KK100	441.8	1,449	98 (+ 4 below ground)		Shenzhen	China	2011	[40]
28	Guangzhou International Finance Center	438.6	1,439	101 (+ 4 below ground)		Guangzhou		2010	[41]
29	111 West 57th Street	435.3	1,428	84 (+ 2 below ground)		New York City	United States	2021	[42]
30	Shandong International Financial Center	428	1,404	88 (+ 4 below ground)		Jinan	China	2023	[43] -->
31	One Vanderbilt	427.0	1,401	62 (+ 4 below ground)		New York City	United States	2020	[44]
32	432 Park Avenue	425.7	1,397	85 (+ 3 below ground)				2015	[45]
33	Marina 101	425.0	1,394