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List of railway electrification systems
...This is a list of the power supply systems that are, or have been, used for railway electrification.
Note that the voltages are nominal and vary depending on load and distance from the substation.
As of 2023[update] many trams and trains use on-board solid-state electronics to convert these supplies to run three-phase AC traction motors.
Tram electrification systems are listed here.
Key to the tables below
- Volts: voltage or volt
- Current:
- DC = direct current
- # Hz = frequency in hertz (alternating current (AC))
- AC supplies are usually single-phase (1φ) except where marked three-phase (3φ).
- Conductors:
- overhead line or
- conductor rail, usually a third rail to one side of the running rails. Conductor rail can be:
- top contact: oldest, least safe, most affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves. Protection boards are installed on most top contact systems, which increases safety and reduces these affections.
- side contact: newer, safer, less affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves
- bottom contact: newest, safest, least affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves
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Systems using standard voltages
Voltages are defined by two standards: BS EN 50163[1] and IEC 60850.[2]
Overhead systems
600 V DC
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Worldwide
|
Many tram systems | This voltage is mostly used by older tram systems worldwide but by a few modern ones as well. See List of tram systems by gauge and electrification. | |
| Germany | Trossingen | Trossingen Railway | |
| Hungary | Budapest | Budapest Metro | Line M1 |
| Japan | Chōshi, Chiba | Chōshi Electric Railway | |
| Kyoto, Kyoto | Eizan Electric Railway | ||
| Kanagawa | Enoshima Electric Railway | ||
| Matsuyama, Ehime | Iyotetsu Takahama Line | ||
| Shizuoka, Shizuoka | Shizuoka Railway | ||
| Romania | Sibiu county | Sibiu-Răşinari Narrow Gauge Railway | Part of the former Sibiu tram line |
| Spain | Madrid | Madrid Metro | Lines 1, 4, 5, 6 and 9. In process to be converted to 1500 V |
| United Kingdom | Crich, England | National Tramway Museum | |
| United States | Boston | MBTA subway | Green and Mattapan Lines, the at-grade section of Blue Line northeast of Airport station |
| Cleveland | RTA Rapid Transit | Red Line | |
| San Diego | San Diego Trolley | ||
750 V DC
1,200 V DC
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