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| Constitution |
| Administrative divisions |
Tonga, by a modification of its treaty of friendship with the United Kingdom in July 1970, is responsible for its own external affairs. It maintains cordial relations with most countries and has close relations with its Pacific neighbours and the United Kingdom. In 1998, it recognized the People's Republic of China and broke relations with Taiwan.[1]
Diplomatic relations
List of countries which Tonga maintains diplomatic relations with:
| ||
|---|---|---|
| # | Country | Date[2] |
| 1 |  Kiribati
|
No date given |
| 2 |  Tuvalu
|
No date given |
| 3 |  Nauru
|
No date given[3] |
| 4 |  Samoa
|
No date given[4] |
| 5 |  New Zealand
|
4 June 1970[5] |
| 6 |  United Kingdom
|
4 June 1970[6] |
| 7 |  Japan
|
July 1970[7] |
| 8 |  South Korea
|
11 September 1970[8] |
| 9 |  Australia
|
3 December 1970[9] |
| 10 |  India
|
23 December 1970[10] |
| 11 |  Canada
|
11 June 1971[11] |
| 12 |  France
|
16 July 1971[12] |
| 13 |  Belgium
|
16 August 1971[13] |
| 14 |  United States
|
6 November 1972[14] |
| 15 |  Sweden
|
21 January 1974[15] |
| 16 |  Russia
|
2 October 1975[16] |
| 17 |  Netherlands
|
4 November 1975[17] |
| 18 |  Turkey
|
26 January 1976[18] |
| 19 |  Luxembourg
|
1 November 1976[19] |
| 20 |  Israel
|
June 1977[20] |
| 21 |  Germany
|
2 January 1978[21] |
| 22 |  Libya
|
16 March 1978[22] |
| 23 |  Chile
|
1 October 1979[23] |
| 24 |  Spain
|
16 November 1979[24] |
| 25 |  Solomon Islands
|
7 July 1980[25] |
| 26 |  Vanuatu
|
7 July 1980[26] |
| 27 |  Fiji
|
1980[27] |
| 28 |  Papua New Guinea
|
1980[28] |
| 29 |  Philippines
|
1 July 1981[29] |
| 30 |  Italy
|
26 November 1981[30] |
| 31 |  Malaysia
|
1982[31] |
| 32 |  Sri Lanka
|
10 January 1984[32] |
| 33 |  Peru
|
20 January 1984[33] |
| 34 |  Greece
|
5 July 1985[34] |
| 35 |  Switzerland
|
13 September 1985[34] |
| 36 |  Denmark
|
1985[35] |
| 37 |  Norway
|
30 August 1988[36] |
| 38 |  Federated States of Micronesia
|
1 August 1989[37] |
| 39 |  Maldives
|
1 August 1989[38] |
| 40 |  Brunei
|
1 May 1990[39] |
| 41 |  Pakistan
|
Before 1992[40] |
| 42 |  Singapore
|
6 August 1993[41] |
| 43 |  Finland
|
1 December 1993[42] |
| 44 |  Thailand
|
27 January 1994[43] |
| 45 |  Indonesia
|
30 May 1994[44] |
| – |  Holy See
|
24 August 1994[45] |
| 46 |  Morocco
|
16 January 1995[46] |
| 47 |  Slovenia
|
7 December 1995[47] |
| 48 |  China
|
2 November 1998[48] |
| 49 |  South Africa
|
1 September 1999[49] |
| 50 |  Mongolia
|
4 April 2001 |
| 51 |  Seychelles
|
12 July 2002 |
| 52 |  Cuba
|
15 July 2002[50] |
| 53 |  East Timor
|
26 November 2002 |
| 54 |  Eswatini
|
22 May 2003 |
| 55 |  Austria
|
2004[51][52] |
| 56 |  Malta
|
3 May 2007 |
| 57 |  Venezuela
|
9 May 2007[53] |
| 58 |  United Arab Emirates
|
13 July 2007 |
| 59 |  Czech Republic
|
19 September 2007[54] |
| 60 |  Iceland
|
14 December 2007 |
| 61 |  Mexico
|
26 September 2008 |
| 62 |  Portugal
|
26 November 2008 |
| 63 |  Cyprus
|
22 June 2009[55] |
| 64 |  Hungary
|
23 September 2011 |
| 65 |  Brazil
|
21 December 2011[56] |
| 66 |  Serbia
|
22 February 2013[57] |
| – |  Cook Islands
|
18 November 2014[58] |
| 67 |  Georgia
|
18 February 2015 |
| 68 |  Estonia
|
12 March 2015 |
| 69 |  Kazakhstan
|
17 March 2015 |
| 70 |  Poland
|
29 August 2016[59] |
| 71 |  Latvia
|
28 October 2020 |
| 72 |  Saudi Arabia
|
14 December 2020 |
| 73 |  Ireland
|
27 July 2021[60] |
| 74 |  Kuwait
|
2 September 2021 |
| 75 |  Bahrain
|
19 September 2022 |
| 76 |  Marshall Islands
|
21 September 2022[61] |
| 77 |  Kyrgyzstan
|
7 December 2022 |
| 78 |  Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
9 February 2023 |
| 79 |  Tajikistan
|
10 February 2023 |
| 80 |  Rwanda
|
22 March 2023 |
| 81 |  Romania
|
10 April 2023 |
| 82 |  Vietnam
|
21 September 2023[62] |
| 83 |  Qatar
|
16 February 2024 |
| 84 |  Nicaragua
|
28 February 2024 |
| 85 |  Dominican Republic
|
29 February 2024 |
| 86 |  Nepal
|
1 March 2024 |
| 87 |  Oman
|
14 March 2024 |
| 88 |  Uruguay
|
14 March 2024 |
Regional relations
Tonga maintains strong regional ties in the Pacific. It is a full member of the Pacific Islands Forum, the South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission, the South Pacific Tourism Organisation, the Pacific Regional Environment Programme and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. Tonga endorsed the Treaty of Rarotonga (the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty) in 1996.[63]
Tonga is, however, notably not one of the eight signatories of the Nauru Agreement Concerning Cooperation in the Management of Fisheries of Common Interest which collectively controls 25–30% of the world's tuna supply and approximately 60% of the western and central Pacific tuna supply.[64]
Since November 2011, Tonga has been one of the eight founding members of Polynesian Leaders Group, a regional grouping intended to cooperate on a variety of issues including culture and language, education, responses to climate change, and trade and investment.[65][66][67]
Extra-regional relations
Tonga was admitted to full membership of the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970, upon regaining its independence from British protection.
Since it has always had its own monarch, its position in the Commonwealth was rather unusual.
Tonga is an independent native Commonwealth monarchy like Brunei, Lesotho, Malaysia, and Swaziland.
Tonga was admitted to the United Nations in 1999.
Additionally outside the region, Tonga is a member or participant of the ACP, Asian Development Bank, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the G-77, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Civil Aviation Organization, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, International Hydrographic Organization, the IMF, the International Maritime Organization, Interpol, the International Olympic Committee, the ITU, the NAM, the UPU, the World Meteorological Organization and the World Trade Organization.
Bilateral relations
| Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Australia |
4 June 1970 | See Australia–Tonga relations
|
| Brazil |
21 December 2011 |
|
| Canada |
11 June 1971 | |
| China |
2 November 1998 | See China–Tonga relations
The Kingdom of Tonga and the People's Republic of China (PRC) established official diplomatic relations in 1998. The two countries maintain cordial diplomatic, economic and military relations.
|
| Fiji |
See Fiji–Tonga relations
These neighbouring countries in the South Pacific have a history of bilateral relations going back several centuries. Fiji's Prime Minister Voreqe Bainimarama received "cheers and thunderous applause" from the Tongan public when he attended a Pacific Islands Forum meeting in Tonga in October 2007; the crowd's "enthusiastic reception" of Fiji's leader was likened to "that accorded to a rock star".[72] Radio Australia noted that he had been "the star of this year's meeting, for the people of Tonga",[73] while TVNZ reported that he had been "given a hero's welcome".[74] In terms of inter-governmental relations, Tonga has generally avoided pressuring Fiji's "interim government" into holding democratic elections. However, Tongan Prime Minister Dr. Feleti Sevele has urged Bainimarama "to produce a credible roadmap to the election according to the Constitution and law of Fiji".[75] | |
| Germany |
1 May 1976 |
|
| Greece |
1984 | |
| India |
23 December 1970 | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Foreign_relations_of_Tonga