Apostille Convention

Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents
In force   Ratified but not yet in force
Signed	5 October 1961 (1961-10-05)
Location	The Hague, Netherlands
Effective	24 January 1965
Condition	Ratification by 3 signatories[1]
Parties	126
Depositary	Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands
Languages	French (prevailing in case of divergence) and English
Full text
Apostille Convention at Wikisource

The Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, also known as the Apostille Convention, is an international treaty drafted by the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH). The Apostille Convention is intended to simplify the procedure through which a document, issued in one of the contracting states, can be certified for legal purposes in the other contracting states of the Convention. A certification under the Convention is called an apostille or Hague apostille (from French apostille, meaning a marginal or bottom note, derived from Latin post illa, meaning "after those ").^[2] An apostille is an international certification comparable to a notarisation, and may supplement a local notarisation of the document. If the Convention applies between two states, an apostille issued by the state of origin is sufficient to certify the document, and removes the need for further certification by the destination state.

Background

Many states require the verification of the authenticity of foreign documents in a procedure called legalization, for the document to be legally valid there. This legalization is generally a chain of certifications, by one or more authorities of the state where the document was issued and of the destination state. The first authority certifies the issuer of the document, and each subsequent authority certifies the previous one, until the final certification is made by an authority of the destination state that can be recognized by the final user there.^[3] For example, to be accepted in Thailand, a document from the U.S. state of Maryland not issued by a government official must be certified by a notary public, who must then be certified by the clerk of the circuit court in the notary's county, who must then be certified by the Maryland Secretary of State, who must then be certified by the U.S. Department of State, which must finally be certified by the Embassy of Thailand in the United States.^[4][5]

In many cases, the legalization procedure is simplified or exempted altogether. For example, some states have agreements eliminating the legalization requirement for certain documents issued by each other, such as between Argentina and Italy,^[6] between Brazil and France,^[7] between parties of the Convention on the Issue of Multilingual Extracts from Civil Status Records,^[8][9] and between parties of the Convention on Legal Assistance and Legal Relations of the Commonwealth of Independent States.^[10][11] The European Union also has a regulation eliminating the legalization requirement for certain documents of its member states to be accepted by each other.^[12] Some states such as Canada, Japan, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States generally accept documents from any state without any certification.^{[13][14][15][16][17]}

The Apostille Convention, drafted by the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH), is intended to simplify the legalization procedure by replacing it with a certification called an apostille, issued by an authority designated by the state of origin. Ideally the apostille would be the only certification needed, but in some cases additional certifications in the state of origin may be required before the apostille is issued. In any case, after the apostille, no certification by the destination state is required.^[3]

Contracting states

The Convention permits certain states to sign and ratify the Convention, becoming contracting states.^[a] For each of these states, or for an extension to one of its territories, the Convention enters into force 60 days after the deposit of its ratification or territorial extension. Other states are also permitted to become contracting states by acceding to the Convention, but without signing it. For each of these states, during the period of six months after it deposits its accession, the other contracting states may object to it, and the Convention enters into force 60 days after this period, between the acceding state and all other contracting states that did not object to it.^[1] Later, if a contracting state withdraws its objection, the Convention enters into force between these two states at that time. A successor state of a previous contracting state may declare to continue to be bound by the Convention without a waiting period or accede later as a new state.

As of June 2024^[update], 126 states are contracting states of the Apostille Convention.^[19][20]

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Apostille_Convention
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State	Signed	Deposited	Entered into force
Albania[b]	—	3 September 2003	9 May 2004
Andorra	—	15 April 1996	31 December 1996
Antigua and Barbuda[c]	—	1 May 1985	1 November 1981
Argentina[d]	—	8 May 1987	18 February 1988
Armenia	—	19 November 1993	14 August 1994
Australia[e]	—	11 July 1994	16 March 1995
Austria[f]	5 October 1961	14 November 1967	13 January 1968
Azerbaijan[g]	—	13 May 2004	2 March 2005
Bahamas[c]	—	30 April 1976	10 July 1973
Bahrain	—	10 April 2013	31 December 2013
Barbados[c]	—	11 August 1995	30 November 1966
Belarus[h]	—	16 June 1992	31 May 1992
Belgium	10 March 1970	11 December 1975	9 February 1976
Belize	—	17 July 1992	11 April 1993
Bolivia	—	6 September 2017	7 May 2018
Bosnia and Herzegovina[i]	—	23 August 1993	6 March 1992
Botswana[c]	—	16 September 1968	30 September 1966
Brazil	—	2 December 2015	14 August 2016
Brunei[j]	—	23 February 1987	3 December 1987
Bulgaria	—	1 August 2000	29 April 2001
Burundi[k]	—	10 June 2014	13 February 2015
Canada	—	12 May 2023	11 January 2024
Cape Verde[l]	—	7 May 2009	13 February 2010
Chile	—	16 December 2015	30 August 2016
China[m]	—	8 March 2023	7 November 2023
Colombia	—	27 April 2000	30 January 2001
Cook Islands	—	13 July 2004	30 April 2005
Costa Rica	—	6 April 2011	14 December 2011
Croatia[i]	—	23 April 1993	8 October 1991
Cyprus	—	26 July 1972	30 April 1973
Czech Republic	—	23 June 1998	16 March 1999
Denmark[n]	20 October 2006	30 October 2006	29 December 2006
Dominica[c]	—	22 October 2002	3 November 1978
Dominican Republic[o]	—	12 December 2008	30 August 2009
Ecuador	—	2 July 2004	2 April 2005
El Salvador	—	14 September 1995	31 May 1996
Estonia[f]	—	11 December 2000	30 September 2001
Eswatini[c]	—	3 July 1978	6 September 1968
Fiji[c]	—	29 March 1971	10 October 1970
Finland[f]	13 March 1962	27 June 1985	26 August 1985
France[p]	9 October 1961	25 November 1964	24 January 1965
Georgia[q]	—	21 August 2006	14 May 2007
Germany[r][f]	5 October 1961	15 December 1965	13 February 1966
Greece	5 October 1961	19 March 1985	18 May 1985
Grenada[j]	—	17 July 2001	7 April 2002
Guatemala	—	19 January 2017	18 September 2017
Guyana[j]	—	30 July 2018	18 April 2019
Honduras	—	20 January 2004	30 September 2004
Hungary	—	18 April 1972	18 January 1973
Iceland	7 September 2004	28 September 2004	27 November 2004
India[s]	—	26 October 2004	14 July 2005
Indonesia	—	5 October 2021	4 June 2022
Ireland	29 October 1996	8 January 1999	9 March 1999
Israel	—	11 November 1977	14 August 1978
Italy	15 December 1961	13 December 1977	11 February 1978
Jamaica	—	2 November 2020	3 July 2021
Japan	12 March 1970	28 May 1970	27 July 1970
Kazakhstan	—	5 April 2000	30 January 2001
Kosovo[t]	—	6 November 2015	14 July 2016
Kyrgyzstan[u]	—	15 November 2010	31 July 2011
Latvia[f]	—	11 May 1995	30 January 1996
Lesotho[c]	—	24 April 1972	4 October 1966
Liberia[v]	—	24 May 1995	8 February 1996
Liechtenstein	18 April 1962	19 July 1972	17 September 1972
Lithuania[f]	—	5 November 1996	19 July 1997
Luxembourg	5 October 1961	4 April 1979	3 June 1979
Malawi	—	24 February 1967	2 December 1967
Malta	—	12 June 1967	3 March 1968
Marshall Islands	—	18 November 1991	14 August 1992
Mauritius[c]	—	20 December 1968	12 March 1968
Mexico	—	1 December 1994	14 August 1995
Moldova[w]	—	19 June 2006	16 March 2007
Monaco	—	24 April 2002	31 December 2002
Mongolia[x]	—	2 April 2009	31 December 2009
Montenegro[i]	—	30 January 2007	3 June 2006
Morocco[y]	—	27 November 2015	14 August 2016
Namibia	—	25 April 2000	30 January 2001
Netherlands[z]	30 November 1962	9 August 1965	8 October 1965
New Zealand[aa]	—	7 February 2001	22 November 2001
Nicaragua	—	7 September 2012	14 May 2013
Niue	—	10 June 1998	2 March 1999
North Macedonia[i]	—	20 September 1993	17 November 1991
Norway	30 May 1983	30 May 1983	29 July 1983
Oman	—	12 May 2011	30 January 2012
Pakistan[ab]	—	8 July 2022	9 March 2023
Palau	—	17 October 2019	23 June 2020
Panama	—	30 October 1990	4 August 1991
Paraguay[ac]	—	10 December 2013	30 August 2014
Peru[ad]	—	13 January 2010	30 September 2010
Philippines[ae]	—	12 September 2018	14 May 2019
Poland[f]	—	19 November 2004	14 August 2005
Portugal[l][f]	20 August 1965	6 December 1968	4 February 1969
Romania[f]	—	7 June 2000	16 March 2001
Russia[af]	—	4 September 1991	31 May 1992
Rwanda[ag]	—	6 October 2023	5 June 2024
Saint Kitts and Nevis[j]	—	26 February 1994	14 December 1994
Saint Lucia[j]	—	5 December 2001	31 July 2002
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[c]	—	2 May 2002	27 October 1979
Samoa	—