Indonesian Archipelago

Native name: Kepulauan Indonesia
Etymology	Indonesia from Greek: Ινδο (Indo, lit. 'Indies') + νησιά (nisiá, lit. 'islands') Nusantara from Javanese: ꦤꦸꦱ (Nusa, lit. 'islands') + ꦲꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ (antara, lit. 'outer')
Geography
Location	Southeast Asia
Adjacent to	Indian Ocean Oceania Pacific Ocean
Total islands	± 17,000–18,000 islands[1][2]
Major islands	Java Kalimantan Maluku Islands Papua Sumatra Sulawesi
Area	8,300,000 km2 (3,200,000 sq mi)
Highest elevation	4,884 m (16024 ft)[a]
Highest point	Puncak Jaya
Administration
Indonesia
President	Joko Widodo
Demographics
Demonym	Indonesians
Population	± 270,000,000 (2020)
Languages	Over 700 languages
Ethnic groups	Over 1,300 ethnic groups

The islands of Indonesia, also known as the Indonesian Archipelago (Indonesian: Kepulauan Indonesia) or Nusantara, may refer either to the islands composing the country of Indonesia or to the geographical groups which include its islands.^[3] Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state, stretching from Sumatra in Asia to the western part of New Guinea in Oceania.

History

The exact number of islands composing Indonesia varies among definitions and sources. According to the Law No 9/1996 on Maritime Territory of Indonesia, of 17,508 officially listed islands within the territory of the Republic of Indonesia.^[4] According to a geospatial survey conducted between 2007 and 2010 by the National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping (Bakorsurtanal), Indonesia has 13,466 islands.^[5] However, according to earlier survey in 2002 by National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN), the Indonesian archipelago has 18,307 islands,^[6] and according to the CIA World Factbook, there are 17,508 islands.^[7] The discrepancy of the numbers of Indonesian islands is due to the earlier surveys including "tidal islands"; sandy cays and rocky reefs that appear during low tide and are submerged during high tide. As of 2023, 17.024 island have been named by Geospatial Information Agency and published in Indonesian Gazetteer.^[1]

Major islands

• Sunda Islands
  • Greater Sunda Islands
    • Java, formerly Jawa Dwipa.
    • Sumatra, formerly Swarna Dwipa.
    • Borneo: divided between the Indonesian region Kalimantan, the country of Brunei and the Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak.
    • Sulawesi, formerly Celebes.
  • Lesser Sunda Islands
    • Bali
    • Lombok
    • Sumbawa
    • Flores
    • Sumba
    • Timor: divided between Indonesian West Timor and the country of East Timor.
• Maluku Islands (Moluccas)
• New Guinea: divided between the Indonesian provinces of Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, Central Papua and West Papua and the country of Papua New Guinea.

List of islands

The following islands are listed by province:

Java

Banten

• Panaitan
• Sangiang
• Tinjil
• Umang

Central Java

• Karimunjawa
• Nusa Kambangan
• Dungeon's Island

Special Capital Region of Jakarta

• Thousand Islands (Kepulauan Seribu)

East Java

• Bawean
• Gili Iyang Island
• Kangean Islands
• Madura
• Raas
• Nusa Barong
• Raja Island
• Sempu Island

West Java

• Monitor Lizard Island (Pulau Biawak), Indramayu

Sumatra

Aceh

• Banyak Islands
  • Tuangku
• Lasia Island
• Simeulue
• Weh

North Sumatra

• Batu Islands
• Berhala on the Strait of Malacca
• Hinako Islands
• Makole Island
• Masa Island
• Nias Islands
• Samosir, Lake Toba

West Sumatra

• Mentawai Islands
  • North Pagai
  • Siberut
  • Sipura
  • South Pagai
• Pasumpahan
• Sikuai

Bengkulu

• Enggano Island
• potta kulam

Lampung

• Child of Krakatoa (Anak Krakatau)
• Legundi
• Sebesi
• Sebuku

Riau

• Basu Island
• Bengkalis
• Padang
• Rangsang
• Rupat
• Tebing Tinggi Island

Riau Islands

• Natuna Islands (Kepulauan Natuna)
  • Anambas Islands
  • Natuna Besar Islands
  • South Natuna Islands
  • Tambelan Islands
    • Badas Islands
• Riau Archipelago
  • Batam
  • Bintan
  • Bulan
  • Galang
  • Karimun islands
  • Great Natuna
  • Penyengat
    • Great Karimun
    • Little Karimun
  • Kundur
  • Rempang
• Lingga Islands
  • Lingga with nearby islands
  • Singkep with nearby islands

Bangka-Belitung Islands

• Bangka
• Belitung

Kalimantan

Central Kalimantan

• Damar
• Baning Island
• Buaya Island
• Burung Island

East Kalimantan

• Balabalagan Islands
• Derawan Islands
  • Kakaban

North Kalimantan

• Bunyu
• Sebatik: divided between Indonesia and Sabah, East Malaysia
• Tarakan

South Kalimantan

• Laut
• Laut Kecil Islands
• Sebuku

West Kalimantan

• Bawal
• Galam
• Karimata Islands
  • Karimata
• Maya

Sulawesiedit

Central Sulawesiedit

• Banggai Islands
  • Banggai
  • Bowokan Islands (Kepulauan Treko)
  • Buka Buka
  • Peleng
• Masoni Island
• Simatang Island
• Togian Islands
  • Togian
  • Tolitoli

North Sulawesiedit

• Bangka
• Bunaken
• Lembeh
• Manado Tua
• Nain
• Sangihe Islands
  • Nanipa
  • Bukide
  • Sangir Besar
  • Siau
  • Tagulandang
• Talaud Islands
  • Kabaruan
  • Karakelang
  • Salibabu
• Talise

South Sulawesiedit

• Pabbiring Islands
• Sabalana Islands
• Selayar Islands
  • Selayar Island
• Takabonerate Islands
• Tengah Islands

Southeast Sulawesiedit

• Buton
• Kabaena
• Muna
• Tukangbesi Islands
  • Wakatobi
    • Wangiwangi
• Wowoni

Lesser Sunda Islandsedit

Baliedit

• Bali
• Menjangan Island
• Nusa Lembongan
• Nusa Penida
• Serangan Island
• Nusa Ceningan

East Nusa Tenggaraedit

• Alor Islands
  • Alor
  • Kepa
  • Pantar
• Flores
  • Babi Island
  • Mules Island
• Komodo
  • Gili Lawadarat
  • Gili Lawalaut
  • Mangiatan Island
  • Makasar Island
    • Taka Makasar
  • Mauwang Island
  • Pararambah Island
  • Siaba Besar Island
    • Siaba Kecil Island
    • Mangiatan Island
    • Tatawa Island
      • Tukoh Pemaroh
    • Pararambah Island
• Padar Island
  • Batubilah Island
  • Padar Kecil Island
• Palu Island
• Pemana Islands
• Rinca
  • Gili Motang
  • Golo Mori
  • Muang Island
  • Rohbong Island
    • Tukoh Gagak
    • Tukoh Rohbongkoe
  • Papagaran Besar Island
    • Papagaran Kecil Island
    • Batu Island
    • Mole Island
  • Pengah Besar Island
    • Pengah Kecil Island
    • Batupengah Island
• Rote Island
• Savu
• Solor Islands
  • Adonara
  • Lembata
  • Solor
• Sumba
  • Halura Island
• Timor, divided between Indonesia West Timor and the independent nation of East Timor
  • Atauro Island (East Timor)
  • Semau Island

^[8]

West Nusa Tenggaraedit

• Gili Islands
  • Gili Air
  • Gili Trawangan
  • Gili Meno
• Banta Island
• Gili Biaha
• Gili Mimpang
• Gili Selang
• Gili Tepekong
• Lombok
• Medang Island
• Moyo Island
• Menjangan Island
• Sangeang
• Satonda
• Sumbawa

Maluku Islandsedit

Malukuedit

• Aru Islands
  • Enu
  • Kobroor
  • Maikoor
  • Trangan
  • Wokam
• Babar
• Banda
• Barat Daya Islands
  • Damer
  • Liran
  • Romang
  • Wetar
• Boano
• Buru
• Gorong archipelago
• Kai Islands
• Kelang
• Leti Islands
  • Lakor
  • Leti
  • Moa
• Manipa
• Nusa Laut
• Seram
  • Ambon
  • Osi
  • Saparua
• Tanimbar Islands
  • Selaru
  • Yamdena
• Small volcanic islands in Banda Sea
• Tayandu Islands (Kepulauan Tayando)
• Watubela archipelago

North Malukuedit

• Bacan, with nearby islands:
  • Kasiruta
  • Mandioli
  • Muari
• Erà Islands
• Halmahera, with nearby islands:
  • Makian
  • Ternate
  • Tidore
  • Hiri
  • Mare
  • Maitara
  • Kayoa
  • Laluin
  • Moti
  • Rau
  • Kakara
  • Meti
  • Medi
  • Tagalaya
  • Cumo
  • Widi Islands
• Morotai, with nearby islands:
  • Rau
• Obi Islands, which include:
  • Bisa
  • Gomumu
  • Obi
  • Obilatu
  • Tobalai
• Sula Islands

Western New Guineaedit

Islands near the Indonesian half of New Guinea island.

West Papuaedit

• Asia Island
• Karas
• Semai

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Indonesian_archipelago
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