Bequia English

Bequia English
Bequia English
Region	Bequia
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Ingvaeonic Anglo-Frisian Anglic English North American English Caribbean English Bequia English; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Early forms	Old English Middle English Early Modern English ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Bequia English is the local dialect of English spoken on Bequia, an island in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It belongs to the group of Caribbean English varieties.^[1]

Phonology

Consonants

Word-initially /t/ and /d/ are dental. Word-final /t/ can be sometimes fully released and sometimes fully deleted, such as in but and about . Word-medially /t/ can occur as either a stop or glottal stop, hence after is either or . Word-initially H is variably present. The fricatives are pronounced as dentals: 'think' , 'there' . Nasal backing is common after back vowels: "Hamilton" sounds like . /l/ is normally light in all positions, the /r/ is a retroflex and rhoticity is variable. /str/ is pronounced as /ʃtr/: industry is . Final clusters may be devoiced (kids: ) and final stops in clusters can be deleted (respect: ). There is restricted metathesis: words like ask, crisp and crispy are pronounced as , , and ; but mask is pronounced as . /k/ and /g/ tend to be palatalized: Coast Guard .^[1]^[2]

Vowels

The vowels in Kit and Dress are usually and , and the vowel in Kit is sometimes lowered to (miracle: ). The vowel in Trap is either a or æ. The Foot vowel is usually ʊ, but sometimes ɔ, and the Lot vowel is usually ɑ, but sometimes a. The vowel in Strut is normally ʌ, but at times ɔ (cup: kɔp). The vowels in Fleece and in Goose tend to occur as i: and u:, and the Face and Goat vowels tend to occur as e: and o:, but they can occasionally be eə and oə. The Bath vowel tends to occur as a:, though æ can also be heard. The Cloth, Thought and Palm vowels tend to occur as a. The diphthong in Price is either aɪ, ɔɪ or əɪ, the diphthong in Mouth is either aʊ, ɔʊ or əʊ. The Choice diphthong is usually ɔɪ, but can be realized as aɪ. Hence, choice can be heard as tʃaɪs and price can be heard as pɹɔɪs. The Nurse vowel is ə, ɜor ɔ; the Near vowels is usually i:, but can be merged with the Square vowel e:. The Start vowel is either a: or ɑ:, the Cure vowel is ɔ:, and the North and Force vowels are usually merged, though lord tends to sound like la:d.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Rhythmedit

According to Meer, Bequia English has limited vowel reduction and a high tendency toward syllable-timed stress pattern.^[2]

Referencesedit

^ ^a ^b ^c Williams, Jeffrey P., and Caroline Myrick. "Bequia English". In Further Studies in the Lesser-Known Varieties of English, edited by J. P. Williams & P. Trudgill. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 128-42.
^ ^a ^b ^c Philipp Meer. “Select phonetic and phonological features of Caribbean varieties of English: An overview.” In 1
^ James A. Walker and Miriam Meyerhoff. “Pivots of the Caribbean? Low-back vowels in eastern Caribbean English.” In 2

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Bequia_English
Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.

[Williams-1] Williams, Jeffrey P., and Caroline Myrick. "Bequia English". In Further Studies in the Lesser-Known Varieties of English, edited by J. P. Williams & P. Trudgill. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 128-42.

[Meer-2] Philipp Meer. “Select phonetic and phonological features of Caribbean varieties of English: An overview.” In 1

[:3-3] James A. Walker and Miriam Meyerhoff. “Pivots of the Caribbean? Low-back vowels in eastern Caribbean English.” In 2

[1]

[2]

[3]