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San Joaquin County, California | |
|---|---|
| San Joaquin County | |
  Top: Downtown Stockton waterfront; Bottom: Stanislaus River at Caswell Memorial State Park | |
 Seal | |
| Nickname: "Sanwa"[1] | |
| Motto: "Greatness grows here." | |
 Interactive map of San Joaquin County | |
.svg) Location in the state of California | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| Region | San Joaquin Valley |
| Incorporated | February 18, 1850[2] |
| Named for | San Joaquin River, which was named for St. Joachim |
| County seat | Stockton |
| Largest city | Stockton |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council–Administrator |
| • Body | Board of Supervisors |
| • Chair[3] | Robert Rickman |
| • Vice Chair[4] | Miguel Villapudua |
| • Board of Supervisors[5] | Supervisors
|
| • County Administrator | Jerome C. Wilverding |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,426 sq mi (3,690 km2) |
| • Land | 1,391 sq mi (3,600 km2) |
| • Water | 35 sq mi (90 km2) |
| Highest elevation | 3,629 ft (1,106 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 779,233 |
| • Density | 550/sq mi (210/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−8 (Pacific Standard Time) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−7 (Pacific Daylight Time) |
| Area code(s) | 209, 350 |
| FIPS code | 06-077 |
| GNIS feature ID | 277303 |
| Congressional districts | 9th, 13th |
| Website | www |
San Joaquin County (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ; Spanish: San Joaquín, meaning "St. Joachim"), officially the County of San Joaquin, is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 779,233.[7] The county seat is Stockton.[8]
San Joaquin County comprises the Stockton–Lodi–Tracy metropolitan statistical area within the regional San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland combined statistical area. The county is located in Northern California's Central Valley just east of the very highly populated nine-county San Francisco Bay Area region and is separated from the Bay Area by the Diablo Range, having access to the Bay Area via the Altamont Pass. One of the smaller counties by area in California, it has a high population density and is growing rapidly due to overflow from the Bay Area.
The City of San Joaquin, despite sharing its name with the county, is located in Fresno County.
History
San Joaquin County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood.
The county was named after the San Joaquin River, which runs through it. In the early 19th century, Lieutenant Gabriel Moraga, commanding an expedition in the lower great California Central Valley, gave the name of San Joaquin (meaning Joachim) to the San Joaquin River, which springs from the southern Sierra Nevada. San Joaquin County is the site of the San Joaquin Valley's first permanent residence.
Prior to incorporation in 1850, the area now encompassing San Joaquin County was inhabited by the Yokuts and Miwok native peoples. These communities lived in villages throughout the region, consuming diverse diets that reflected the flora and fauna of the California Delta. Acorns from Valley Oak trees, salmon from the San Joaquin, Mokelumne, Calaveras, and Stanislaus rivers, and Tule Elk were staples of the native diet, which was supplemented with various native berries and plants. The native population of San Joaquin County fell dramatically during a statewide epidemic of malaria in 1828, and a subsequent rebellion of native peoples in the Central Valley, led by Chief Estanislao.
Between 1843 and 1846, during the era when California was a province of independent Mexico, five Mexican land grants were made in what would become San Joaquin County: Rancho Campo de los Franceses, Pescadero (Grimes), Pescadero (Pico), Sanjon de los Moquelumnes, and Thompson. The largest of these grants was the Rancho Campos de los Franceses, secured by Charles Weber and Guillermo Gulnac, which was eventually developed into the city of Stockton.
As the Gold Rush drew miners to the Sierra Nevada, Stockton grew into a major logistical and mercantile hub for the San Joaquin Valley and mother lode, which allowed for the City and County populations to rise significantly between 1850 and 1870. As the state's gold economy waned in the 1870s, San Joaquin County transitioned into a major national center of agriculture, which it remains to this day. Reclamation of the California delta, which began in 1869, strongly benefited this agricultural growth. The importance of agriculture to the region's economy led to the creation of a dynamic industrial engineering sector in Stockton, Lodi, and nearby Rio Vista in the 1880s. Notably, the Sperry Flour Company, Holt Manufacturing Company, the operation of R. G. LeTourneau, Samson Ironworks, and the canning empire of Tillie Lewis were firms of national and international significance. Holt Manufacturing, led by Benjamin Holt, would pioneer the industrial manufacturing and sales of the tractor, while R. G. LeTourneau patented the bulldozer in 1926.
Importance to railroads
The Central Pacific Railroad in the 1860s utilized San Joaquin County's exceptionally flat terrain to construct a rail line from Sacramento to Stockton and then southwest through Altamont Pass to the San Francisco Bay. In 1909, a second railroad, the Western Pacific, utilized the same route through Stockton to reach the Bay Area. In the early 1900s, the Santa Fe Railroad constructed from Bakersfield and Fresno went through Stockton to travel northwards, reaching Oakland. Smaller lines constructed at Stockton were the Tidewater Southern to Modesto and the Central California Traction to Sacramento. Both started as electrically powered. These railroads encouraged the growth of farms, orchards, and ranches in San Joaquin County and adjacent counties.[9][10]
Tracy tire fire
On August 7, 1998, a tire fire ignited at S.F. Royster's Tire Disposal just south of Tracy on South MacArthur Drive, near Linne Rd. The tire dump held over 7 million illegally stored tires and was allowed to burn for more than two years before it was extinguished. Allowing the fire to burn was considered to be a better way to avoid groundwater contamination than putting it out.[11] However, the cleanup cost $19 million and local groundwater was still discovered to be contaminated.[12][13]
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,426 square miles (3,690 km2), of which 1,391 square miles (3,600 km2) is land and 35 square miles (91 km2), comprising 2.5%, is water.[14] The county has a very low inland elevation and a very flat drainage basin for the San Joaquin River and its numerous tributaries. With the resulting exceptionally high water table, the county is a marshy and swampy delta with a tendency to flood in the spring with melting snow runoff from the Sierra Nevada Mountains.[15]
The geographical center of San Joaquin County is near Stockton at approximately 37°54'N 121°12'W (37.9,-121.2).
National protected area
Demographics
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 3,647 | — | |
| 1860 | 9,435 | 158.7% | |
| 1870 | 21,050 | 123.1% | |
| 1880 | 24,349 | 15.7% | |
| 1890 | 28,629 | 17.6% | |
| 1900 | 35,452 | 23.8% | |
| 1910 | 50,731 | 43.1% | |
| 1920 | 79,905 | 57.5% | |
| 1930 | 102,940 | 28.8% | |
| 1940 | 134,207 | 30.4% | |
| 1950 | 200,750 | 49.6% | |
| 1960 | 249,989 | 24.5% | |
| 1970 | 290,208 | 16.1% | |
| 1980 | 347,342 | 19.7% | |
| 1990 | 480,628 | 38.4% | |
| 2000 | 563,598 | 17.3% | |
| 2010 | 685,306 | 21.6% | |
| 2020 | 779,233 | 13.7% | |
| 2023 (est.) | 800,965 | [16] | 2.8% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[17] 1790–1960[18] 1900–1990[19] 1990–2000[20] 2010[21] 2020[22] | |||
2020 census
| Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2010[21] | Pop 2020[22] | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 245,919 | 215,530 | 35.88% | 27.66% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 48,540 | 56,898 | 7.08% | 7.30% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 3,179 | 3,135 | 0.46% | 0.40% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 94,547 | 134,684 | 13.80% | 17.28% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 3,248 | 4,977 | 0.47% | 0.64% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 1,383 | 4,192 | 0.20% | 0.54% |
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 22,149 | 34,092 | 3.23% | 4.38% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 266,341 | 325,725 | 38.86% | 41.80% |
| Total | 685,306 | 779,233 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
2011
| Population, race, and income | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total population[23] | 680,277 | ||||
| White[23] | 403,225 | 59.3% | |||
| Black or African American[23] | 50,400 | 7.4% | |||
| American Indian or Alaska Native[23] | 6,782 | 1.0% | |||
| Asian[23] | 97,902 | 14.4% | |||
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[23] | 3,427 | 0.5% | |||
| Some other race[23] | 78,817 | 11.6% | |||
| Two or more races[23] | 39,724 | 5.8% | |||
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[24] | 260,636 | 38.3% | |||
| Per capita income[25] | $22,857 | ||||
| Median household income[26] | $53,764 | ||||
| Median family income[27] | $60,725 | ||||
Places by population, race, and income
| Places by population and race | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Place | Type[28] | Population[23] | White[23] | Other[23] [note 1] |
Asian[23] | Black or African American[23] |
Native American[23] [note 2] |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[24] |
| Acampo | CDP | 387 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 92.2% |
| August | CDP | 8,017 | 63.3% | 27.1% | 4.2% | 2.2% | 3.2% | 70.6% |
| Collierville | CDP | 1,891 | 81.8% | 17.1% | 0.0% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 23.1% |
| Country Club | CDP | 9,311 | 67.0% | 20.7% | 4.7% | 6.4% | 1.1% | 36.4% |
| Dogtown | CDP | 2,407 | 91.4% | 7.1% | 1.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 32.4% |
| Escalon | City | 7,106 | 90.8% | 5.0% | 1.6% | 0.8% | 1.8% | 21.4% |
| Farmington | CDP | 299 | 75.9% | 14.0% | 0.0% | 10.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| French Camp | CDP | 4,702 | 70.8% | 15.8% | 2.2% | 10.1% | 1.1% | 55.4% |
| Garden Acres | CDP | 10,516 | 60.5% | 32.6% | 2.4% | 2.3% | 2.1% | 68.0% |
| Kennedy | CDP | 3,756 | 61.1% | 28.8% | 0.8% | 9.2% | 0.1% | 81.2% |
| Lathrop | City | 17,488 | 51.4% | 16.2% | 24.4% | 5.8% | 2.1% | 44.7% |
| Lincoln Village | CDP | 4,363 | 64.6% | 23.2% | 8.2% | 3.3% | 0.7% | 30.5% |
| Linden | CDP | 1,874 | 94.1% | 4.7% | 0.0% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 17.6% |
| Lockeford | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=San_Joaquin_County,_California||||||||