Rolette County
County
St. John–Lena Border Crossing
Location within the U.S. state of North Dakota
North Dakota's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 48°46′N 99°50′W / 48.77°N 99.84°W / 48.77; -99.84
Country	United States
State	North Dakota
Founded	January 4, 1873 (created) October 14, 1884 (organized)
Named for	Joseph Rolette
Seat	Rolla
Largest community	Belcourt
Area
• Total	939 sq mi (2,430 km2)
• Land	903 sq mi (2,340 km2)
• Water	36 sq mi (90 km2)  3.9%
Population  (2020)
• Total	12,187
• Estimate  (2023)	11,728
• Density	13/sq mi (5.0/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	At-large
Website	www.rolettecounty.com

Rolette County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,187.^[1] Its county seat is Rolla.^[2]

History

The Dakota Territory legislature created the county on January 4, 1873, with territory partitioned from Buffalo County. It was not organized at that date, and was not attached to another county for judicial or administrative purposes. It was named for Joseph Rolette Jr., a fur trader and political figure from Pembina. The county government was effected on October 14, 1884, with Dunseith as the county seat. In 1885 the county seat was assigned to Saint John, and in 1889 it was assigned to Rolla.

The county boundaries were adjusted in 1883 and in 1887. It has retained its present boundary configuration since 1887.^[3][4]

The International Peace Garden is located in the northwest corner of the county along the Canada–United States border with Manitoba.

Geography

Rolette County lies on the northern border of North Dakota with Canada. Gimby Creek and Wakopa Creek flow into the county from Canada. The terrain consists of dry rolling hills in the south, and more verdant low hills in the north and northwest, dotted with lakes and ponds.^[5]

Part of the Turtle Mountain plateau lies in the northwestern part of the county. The terrain slopes to the south and east; its highest point is its northwest corner, at 2,195 ft (669 m) ASL.^[6]

The Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation is in the northeast section of Rolette County.

Rolette County has an area of 939 square miles (2,430 km²), of which 903 square miles (2,340 km²) is land and 36 square miles (93 km²) (3.9%) is water.^[7]

Major highways

Adjacent counties and rural municipalities

Protected areas

Lakes

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1890	2,427		—
1900	7,995		229.4%
1910	9,558		19.5%
1920	10,061		5.3%
1930	10,760		6.9%
1940	12,583		16.9%
1950	11,102		−11.8%
1960	10,641		−4.2%
1970	11,549		8.5%
1980	12,177		5.4%
1990	12,772		4.9%
2000	13,674		7.1%
2010	13,937		1.9%
2020	12,187		−12.6%
2023 (est.)	11,728	[8]	−3.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[9] 1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11] 1990-2000[12] 2010-2020[1]

2020 census

Rolette County, North Dakota – Racial and ethnic composition
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.

Race / Ethnicity	Pop 1990[13]	Pop 2000[14]	Pop 2010[15]	Pop 2020[16]	% 1990	% 2000	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	4,211	3,416	2,802	2,298	31.0%	25.12%	20.3%	18.9%
Black or African American alone (NH)	28	10	21	13	0.1%	0.07%	0.2%	0.1%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	8,497	9,907	10,677	9,210	68.0%	73.01%	77.2%	76.1%
Asian alone (NH)	13	10	16	23	0.1%	0.07%	0.1%	0.2%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	0	0	1	8	0.0%	0.00%	0.0%	0.1%
Other race alone (NH)	23	4	1	8	0.3%	0.12%	0.1%	0.1%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)	0	217	284	490	0.0%	1.61%	2.1%	4.3%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	0	110	133	137	0.0%	0.80%	1.0%	1.1%
Total	12,772	13,674	13,937	12,187	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%

As of the 2020 census, there were 12,187 people, 4,114 households, and 2,857 families in the county.^[17] The population density was 13.5 inhabitants per square mile (5.2/km²) There were 4,581 housing units.

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 13,937 people, 4,783 households, and 3,413 families in the county. The population density was 15.4 people per square mile (5.9 people/km²). There were 5,372 housing units at an average density of 5.95 units per square mile (2.30/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 77.2% American Indian, 20.3% white, 0.2% black or African American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.0% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 48.5% were French Canadian, 7.0% were German, 6.8% were Norwegian, and 0.3% were American.

Of the 4,783 households, 44.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 23.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.6% were non-families, and 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.39. The median age was 30.5 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,265 and the median income for a family was $35,523. Males had a median income of $35,595 versus $27,459 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,632. About 25.9% of families and 31.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 41.5% of those under age 18 and 24.8% of those age 65 or over.

Population by decade

Communities

Cities

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Townships

Politics

Due to its Native American majority population, Rolette County voters are historically Democratic, more consistently so than other such counties in North Dakota. Since 1928 the only Republican to carry the county was Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952.^[18] It was the only county in the state to support George McGovern in 1972 and is additionally the only North Dakota county to have supported Jimmy Carter in 1980.^[19] In each of the five presidential elections from 1996 to 2012, the Democratic candidate received over 60% of the vote, with Barack Obama winning 75.1% in 2008 and 74.0% in 2012.^[20][21] In 2016, Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton received 57.3% of the county's votes,^[22] one of the two North Dakota counties that she carried.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Rolette_County
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United States presidential election results for Rolette County, North Dakota^[23][24]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	1,257	33.04%	2,482	65.25%	65	1.71%
2016	1,217	32.41%	2,099	55.90%	439	11.69%
2012	1,092	23.99%	3,353	73.66%	107	2.35%
2008	1,045	23.05%	3,403	75.06%	86	1.90%
2004	1,392	34.42%	2,564	63.40%	88	2.18%
2000	1,416	32.20%	2,681	60.96%	301	6.84%
1996	823	22.85%	2,299	63.84%	479	13.30%
1992	895	24.82%	2,002	55.52%	709	19.66%
1988	1,126	31.23%	2,426	67.28%	54	1.50%
1984	1,479	39.43%	2,179	58.09%	93	2.48%
1980	1,599	44.84%	1,660	46.55%	307	8.61%
1976	1,094	29.62%	2,531	68.54%	68	1.84%
1972	1,713	48.13%	1,803	50.66%	43	1.21%
1968	1,211	37.23%	1,870	57.49%	172	5.29%
1964	892	25.80%	2,566	74.20%	0	0.00%
1960	1,277	35.33%	2,335	64.59%	3	0.08%
1956	1,444	45.44%	1,728	54.37%	6	0.19%
1952	2,188	65.02%	1,160	34.47%	17	0.51%
1948	1,179	41.09%	1,565	54.55%	125	4.36%
1944	1,070