Progressive Congolese Students

The Progressive Congolese Students (French: Étudiants Congolais Progressistes, or ECP) was a Zairean student political movement active in exile. Its main centre of activity was Belgium, particularly Université catholique de Louvain based in Louvain-la-Neuve. Politically, it had a Lumumbist orientation. It had relations with the Progressive Reform Party. The ECP was frequently plagued by infiltrations by agents of the Mobutist regime.^[1] ECP published a magazine entitled Congo-Libération.^[2]

Following the Shaba I clashes in 1977, the Front for the National Liberation of the Congo (FLNC) sought contact with ECP. ECP members went to Angola between July and November 1977, and where incorporated into the FLNC Central Committee. Nevertheless, relations between ECP members and the FLNC leader Mbumba were strained.^[3]

In July 1980, the ECP, together with the FLNC and other exiled opposition groups, founded the Council for the Liberation of the Congo-Kinshasa (Conseil pour la Libération du Congo-Kinshasa, CLC) in Brussels.^[1]^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b Ray, Donald I. Dictionary of the African Left: Parties, Movements and Groups. Aldershot, Hants u.a: Dartmouth, 1989. p. 84
^ "CSD lijst periodieken België". Archived from the original on 2007-07-26. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
^ Erik Kennes; Miles Larmer (4 July 2016). The Katangese Gendarmes and War in Central Africa: Fighting Their Way Home. Indiana University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-253-02150-2.
^ E. O'Ballance (2 November 1999). The Congo-Zaire Experience, 1960-98. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-230-28648-1.

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[ray-1] Ray, Donald I. Dictionary of the African Left: Parties, Movements and Groups. Aldershot, Hants u.a: Dartmouth, 1989. p. 84

[2] "CSD lijst periodieken België". Archived from the original on 2007-07-26. Retrieved 2011-06-19.

[KennesLarmer2016-3] Erik Kennes; Miles Larmer (4 July 2016). The Katangese Gendarmes and War in Central Africa: Fighting Their Way Home. Indiana University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-253-02150-2.

[O'Ballance1999-4] E. O'Ballance (2 November 1999). The Congo-Zaire Experience, 1960-98. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-230-28648-1.

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