Pershing House
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district Contributing property
Pershing House Fort Sam Houston
Pershing House Show map of Texas Pershing House Show map of the United States
Location	Staff Post Rd., Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas  United States
Coordinates	29°26′42″N 98°28′10″W / 29.44500°N 98.46944°W / 29.44500; -98.46944
Area	10,830 square feet (1,000 m2)
Built	1881
Architect	Alfred Giles
Architectural style	Early Texas Victorian
Part of	Fort Sam Houston (ID75001950)
NRHP reference No.	74002058
Added to NRHP	30 July 1974

Pershing House has been the residence of the commanding officers of Fort Sam Houston since 1881. Located in Bexar County, San Antonio, Texas, the military post is currently part of Joint Base San Antonio.^[1] The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings on 30 July 1974. After the Texas annexation to the Union in 1845, the United States Army became a steady presence in what was then designated the Department of Texas,^[2] providing a line of defense during both the 1846–1848 Mexican–American War, and the Texas–Indian wars that ended with the 1875 surrender of Comanche chief Quanah Parker at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.^[3][4] The combining of Fort Sam Houston, Randolph Air Force Base, Lackland Air Force Base and Martindale Army Airfield, to create Joint Base San Antonio, took place in 2009.^[5]

Following the end of the American Civil War, the United States Department of War accepted an offer from San Antonio for three parcels of land on which the United States Army would construct Fort Sam Houston. The site and its surrounding area would come to be known as Government Hill.^[3] Edward Braden Construction began work on the project in 1876. Architect Alfred Giles designed the general staff quarters, as well as the commanding general's quarters, now known at Pershing House.^[3] Constructed in 1881 at a cost of $17,076 (equivalent to $457,000 in 2020), it was originally designated as "Quarters No. 6, Staff Post".^[6] The 10,830 square feet (1,000 m²), two-story house has eleven rooms, six full bathrooms and one half bath.^{[FN 1]} In various phases during the 20th century, improvements included an enclosed porch and upgrades to plumbing, electricity and air conditioning.^[8]

While under its original name, the house would become the residence of 16 succeeding commanding officers. They were some of the most accomplished leaders in the United States Army prior to their being given charge of the base. The first occupant of the house was Major General Christopher C. Augur, a West Point graduate and veteran of several military conflicts, including the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War.^[9][10] Numerous Medal of Honor recipients have resided there.^[11]

The house has been referred to by its current name since John J. Pershing served as the base commanding officer in 1917, following his participation in the Pancho Villa Expedition.^[12] He was at Fort Sam Houston only two months before being given charge of the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe.^[13] Pershing held the rank of General of the Armies. The only other American to hold that rank was George Washington.^[13] The names of all the occupants from 1881 through 1973 appear on two brass-plated plaques that were initially created in the 1950s by Julia Cotton White, wife of General Isaac D. White, who was then serving as commanding officer. She presented them as a gift to Fort Sam Houston, and they were kept up to date by succeeding residents at least through 1973 when the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places.^[6]

Commanding officer chronology 1881 through 1973

Key to military ranks

• GA General of the Armies (5 stars)
• CSA Chief of Staff of the United States Army, General (4 stars). As of 1943, all Chiefs of Staff are stationed in The Pentagon. Prior to that date, they all worked on-site at local bases.
• 4SG General (4 stars)
• LG Lieutenant General (3 stars)
• MG Major General (2 stars)
• BG Brigadier General (1 star)

Key to burial sites

ANC	Arlington National Cemetery	CC	Congressional Cemetery	FB	Fort Bliss National Cemetery
FSH	Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery	FSPC	Fort Sill Post Cemetery	LVC	Lake View Cemetery
MAG	Magnolia Cemetery	MAN	Mansfield Cemetery	OC	Oakwood Cemetery
SFNC	San Francisco National Cemetery	SB	Santa Barbara Cemetery	SMEC	St. Mary's Episcopal Churchyard
SAHNC	United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery	WP	West Point Cemetery

Residents

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Pershing_House
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Fort Sam Houston commanding officers who lived at Pershing House 1881 through 1973^[11]

Residency	Name	Rank	Image	Birth–Death	Burial site	Notes	Refs
1881–1883	Christopher C. Augur	BG		(1821–1898)	ANC	Veteran of the American Civil War. Burned Native American villages during the Texas Red River War, in conjunction with the military actions of Ranald S. Mackenzie	[14]
1883	Ranald S. Mackenzie	BG		(1840–1899)	WP	Union general during the American Civil War, later fought in numerous Texas–Indian wars	[15]
1883–1884	John M. Schofield	LG		(1831–1906)	ANC	Medal of Honor for action at the August 10, 1861 Battle of Wilson's Creek. Schofield Barracks in Hawaii named for him.	[16]
1884–1892	David S. Stanley	BG		(1828–1902)	SAHNC	Medal of Honor for action November 30, 1864 Battle of Franklin	[17]
1892–1895	Frank Wheaton	MG		(1833–1903)	ANC	Served in the American Civil War and Indian Wars. Inducted into the Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame	[18]
1895–1897	Zenas R. Bliss	MG		(1835–1900)	ANC	Medal of Honor for actions at the 1862 Battle of Fredericksburg	[19]
1897–1898	William Montrose Graham	MG	—	(1834–1916)	CC	Peninsula campaign, Battle of Antietam, Battle of Gettysburg, Battle of Malvern Hill, Spanish–American War	[20]
1899–1901	Chambers McKibbin	BG	—	(1841–1918)	ANC	Brigadier General of volunteers and conscripts, Santiago campaign	[21]
1902–1904	Frederick Dent Grant	MG		(1850–1912)	WP	U.S. Minister to Austria-Hungary (1889–1893); New York City Police Commissioner (1895–1897). Son of Ulysses S. Grant	[22]
1904–1906	Jesse M. Lee	BG	—	(1843–1926)	ANC	Served in the American Civil War. Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War Boxer Rebellion	[23]
1906–1907	William S. McCaskey	MG	—	(1843–1914)	SFNC	Enlisted at the start of the Battle of Fort Sumter; participated in Sherman's March to the Sea	[24]
1907–1910	Albert L. Myer	BG	—	(1846–1914)	OC	Acting Alcalde of Ponce, Puerto Rico, during the United States Puerto Rico campaign	[25]
1910–1911	Ralph Wilson Hoyt	BG		(1849–1920)	LVC	Service in the Spanish–American War and the Puerto Rico campaign	[26]
1911–1912	Joseph Wilson Duncan	BG	—	(1853–1912)	ANC	First Battle of Bud Dajo, Philippine Islands	[27]
1913–1915	Tasker H. Bliss	CSA		(1853–1930)	ANC	Chief of Staff of the United States Army, American Permanent Military Representative, Supreme War Council	[28]
1915–1917	Frederick Funston	MG		(1865–1917)	SFNC	Medal of Honor for April 27, action at 1899 Calumpit, Luzon, Philippine Islands	[29]
1917	John J. Pershing	GA		(1860–1948)	ANC	Arrived February 21, 1917, departed May 2 to take charge of American Expeditionary Forces in Europe	[13]
1917	James Parker	MG		(1854–1934)	SMEC	Medal of Honor for actions on December 4, 1899, during the Philippine–American War	[30]
1917–1918	John Wilson Ruckman	MG	—	(1858–1921)	WP	Presided over the trial of black soldiers following the Houston riot of 1917, and ordered the verdicts kept secret, with no appeals. Relieved of command May 1918	[31]
1918	Willard Ames Holbrook	MG		(1860–1932)	ANC	Graduate of US Military Academy, served during the Philippine–American War Civil Governor of the province of Antique, Panay in the Philippine Islands	[32]
1918–1919	DeRosey Caroll Cabell	MG		(1861–1924)	SFNC	Former Chief of Staff to John J. Pershing	[33]
1919–1921	Joseph T. Dickman	MG		(1857–1927)	ANC	Commanding General, VIII Corps Area	[34]
1921–1922	John L. Hines	CSA		(1868–1968)	ANC	Veteran of the Spanish–American War and the Philippine–American War	[35]
1922–1924	Edward Mann Lewis	MG		(1863–1949)	SFNC	Served in the Spanish–American War	[36]
1924–1925	Charles Pelot Summerall	4SG		(1867–1955)	ANC	Chief of Staff of the United States Army 1926–1930; president of The Citadel 1931–1953	[37]
1925–1928	Ernest Hinds	MG		(1864–1941)	FSH	Chief of Artillery for the American Expeditionary Forces	[38]
1928	Thomas Quinton Donaldson Jr.	MG	—	(1864–1934)	ANC	Veteran of the Wounded Knee Massacre	[39]
1928–1930	William Lassiter	MG		(1867–1959)	SB	Spanish–American War, World War I	[40]
1930–1933	Edwin B. Winans	MG		(1869–1947)	WP	World War I, Pancho Villa Expedition (aka Punitive Expedition, U.S. Army), Philippine–American War	[41]
1933–1936	Johnson Hagood	MG		(1873–1948)	MAG	West Point graduate; removed from command in Texas following his public criticism of President Roosevelt's funding of the WPA.	[42]
1936	Frank Parker	MG		(1872–1947)	MAN	Served in the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Cuba, South America, China, France	[43]
1936–1940	Herbert Jay Brees	LG		(1877–1958)	FSH	Spanish–American War, World War I, World War II	[44]
1941–1942	Walter Krueger	4SG		(1881–1967)	ANC	Commander of the Sixth United States Army in the South Pacific	[45]
1942–1943	Courtney Hodges	4SG		(1887–1966)	ANC	Commanded First U.S. Army 1944–45	[46]
1944	William Hood Simpson	4SG		(1888–1990)	ANC	Commanding General of the Ninth United States Army European Theater of Operations during World War II.	[47]
1944–1945	John P. Lucas	MG		(1890–1949)	ANC	Commander of VI Corps during the Battle of Anzio (Operation Shingle) in the Italian Campaign of World War II.	[48]
1945	Alexander Patch	4SG		(1889–1945)	WP	World War II, commander U.S. Army and Marine Corps forces during the Guadalcanal campaign in the Pacific, and the Seventh Army on the Western Front in Europe.	[49]
1946–1947	Jonathan M. Wainwright	4SG		(1883–1953)	ANC	World War II Commander of US forces 12 March to 7 May 1942 during the fall of the Philippines.	[50]