These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities.

A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders.

Incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes in 2020 in politics and government, and past leaders on State leaders by year and Colonial governors by year.

Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons, cabinet (government), chancellor, ex-monarchs (20th century), head of government, head of state, lieutenant governor, mayor, military commanders, minister (and ministers by portfolio below), order of precedence, peerage, president, prime minister, Reichstag participants (1792), secretary of state.

Heads of international organizations

• President of the European Council
• President of the European Commission
• United Nations Secretary-General
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
• International Monetary Fund Managing Directors
• Director-General of the World Trade Organization
• NATO Secretaries General
• FIFA presidents
• International Olympic Committee Presidents

Heads of state or government

Africa

Eastern Africa

• Burundi: Rulers of Burundi
• Comoros:
  • Rulers of Comoros
  • Sultans on the Comoros
• Kenya: Rulers of Kenya
• Madagascar: Rulers of Madagascar
  • Monarchs of Madagascar (until 1897)
  • Colonial Heads of Madagascar
  • List of presidents of Madagascar
• Malawi (former Nyasaland, former British Central Africa Protectorate)
  • Heads of state of Malawi
  • Heads of government of Malawi
  • Colonial heads of Malawi (Nyasaland)
    • Rulers of Malawi
    • Rulers of Nkamanga
    • Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Jere (Qeko)
    • Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Maseko (Gomani)
• Mauritius
  • Queen of Mauritius
  • Presidents of Mauritius
  • Governors-General of Mauritius
  • Prime Ministers of Mauritius
• Mozambique
  • Heads of state of Mozambique
  • Heads of government of Mozambique
  • Heads of National Resistance Government of Mozambique
  • Colonial heads of Mozambique
    • Colonial heads of Delagoa Bay
• Rwanda
  • Kings of Rwanda
  • Presidents of Rwanda
  • Prime Ministers of Rwanda
• Seychelles
  • Presidents of Seychelles
• Tanzania
  • Presidents of Tanzania
  • Prime Ministers of Tanzania
  • Presidents of Zanzibar
  • Prime Ministers of Zanzibar
    • Governors-General of Tanganyika
    • Presidents of Tanganyika
    • Sultans of Zanzibar
• Uganda
  • Governors-General of Uganda
  • Presidents of Uganda
  • Prime Ministers of Uganda
  • Kings of Nkole
  • Kings of Buganda
• Zambia
  • Presidents of Zambia
• Zimbabwe
  • Munhumutapa emperors
  • Prime Ministers of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
  • Prime Ministers of Rhodesia
  • Presidents of Rhodesia
  • Presidents of Zimbabwe

Horn of Africa

• Djibouti: Rulers of Djibouti
• Eritrea: Rulers of Eritrea
• Ethiopia: Rulers of Ethiopia
• Somalia: Presidents of Somalia
• Somaliland: Presidents of Somaliland
• Puntland: Presidents of Puntland

Middle Africa

• Angola
  • Heads of state of Angola (see also: Presidents of Angola with information specific to that post)
  • Heads of government of Angola (see also: Prime Minister of Angola with information specific to that post)
  • List of current Angolan ministers
  • Colonial heads of Angola
    • Heads of state of the Democratic People's Republic of Angola
    • Heads of government of the Democratic People's Republic of Angola
    • Heads of state of Cabinda
    • Heads of government of Cabinda
    • Colonial and provincial heads of Cabinda
• Cameroon
  • Heads of state of Cameroon
  • Heads of government of Cameroon
  • Colonial heads of British Cameroon (Cameroons)
    • Heads of government of British Cameroon (Cameroons)
    • Colonial heads of French Cameroon (Cameroun)
    • Heads of government of French Cameroon (Cameroun)
    • Colonial heads of German Cameroon (Kamerun)
    • Colonial heads of Ambas Bay (Victoria Colony)
    • Rulers of Bamoun (Mum)
    • Rulers of Mandara
• Central African Republic
  • Heads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
  • Heads of government of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
  • Colonial heads of Central Africa (Oubangui-Chari)
• Chad
  • Heads of state of Chad
  • Heads of government of Chad
  • Colonial heads of Chad
    • Rulers of Baguirmi
    • Rulers of Wada’i
  • Kanem-Bornu emperors
• Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Zaire/'Congo-Kinshasa')
  • Heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Heads of government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Heads of state of the Congo Free State
  • Colonial heads of Congo
    • Rulers of Katanga
    • Rulers of Kuba
    • Rulers of Luba
    • Rulers of Ruund (Luunda)
    • Rulers of Kasongo Luunda (Yaka)
    • Rulers of Kongo
    • Kongo
  • Rulers of Kongo
• Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville)
  • Heads of state of the Republic of the Congo
  • Heads of government of the Republic of the Congo
    • Colonial heads of French Equatorial Africa
• Equatorial Guinea
  • Heads of state of Equatorial Guinea
  • Heads of government of Equatorial Guinea
  • Colonial heads of Equatorial Guinea (Fernando Poo/Spanish Guinea)
• Gabon
  • Heads of state of Gabon
  • Heads of government of Gabon
  • Colonial heads of Gabon
    • Rulers of Orungu
• São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Heads of state of São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Heads of government of São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Presidents of the Regional Government of Príncipe
  • Colonial Heads of São Tomé and Príncipe

Northern Africa

• Algeria
  • People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
    • Heads of state of Algeria
    • Heads of government of Algeria (see also: Prime Ministers of Algeria with information specific to that post)
  • French Algeria (French departements)
    • French Governors of Algeria
  • Ottoman regency of Algiers
    • Ottoman Pashas and Deys of the Regency of Algiers
  • Tlemcen (Western Algeria) before the Ottomans
    • Ziyanid dynasty
  • Western Ifriqiya (Eastern Algeria) before the Ottomans
    • Hammadid dynasty
• Egypt
  • Rulers of Egypt
  • Heads of government of Egypt
  • Colonial heads of Egypt
  • Pharaohs
  • Egyptian dynasties
  • Bahri dynasty of Egypt
  • Burji dynasty of Egypt
  • Ayyubid dynasty
  • Fatimid Caliphs
  • Monarchs of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty
• Libya
  • Heads of state of Libya
  • Heads of government of Libya
  • Colonial heads of Libya
    • Colonial Heads of Tripolitania
    • Colonial heads of Cyrenaica
    • Colonial heads of Fezzan
  • Governors of Spanish and Hospitaller Tripoli
  • Rulers of Ottoman Libya
  • Chiefs of the Senussi order
  • Cyrene: Kings of Cyrene
• Morocco
  • List of rulers of Morocco
  • Heads of government of Morocco
    • French Resident Ministers in Morocco
    • Spanish High Commissioners in Morocco
    • Administrators of the Tangier International Zone
  • Alaouite dynasty
  • Saadi dynasty
  • Wattasid dynasty
  • Marinid dynasty
  • Almohad dynasty
  • Almoravid dynasty
  • Idrisid dynasty
  • Presidents of Western Sahara
• Sudan (formerly Anglo-Egyptian -)
  • Presidents of Sudan
  • Prime Ministers of Sudan
  • Presidents of Southern Sudan
  • Vice-Presidents of Southern Sudan
  • Kings of Makuria
  • Kings of Sennar
  • Kush
    • Kushite Kings
    • List of Egyptian viceroys of Kush
• Tunisia
  • Presidents of Tunisia
  • Prime Ministers of Tunisia
  • Beys of Tunis
  • Hafsid dynasty
  • Zirid dynasty
  • Aghlabid dynasty
  • Carthage: Kings of Carthage

Southern Africa

• Botswana
  • Heads of state of Botswana
  • Heads of government of Botswana
  • List of commissioners of Bechuanaland
    • Rulers of baKgatla
    • Rulers of baKwêna
    • Rulers of Balete (baMalete)
    • Rulers of baNgwaketse
    • Rulers of Bangwato (bamaNgwato)
    • Rulers of baRôlông
    • Rulers of baTawana
    • Rulers of baTlôkwa
• Lesotho
  • Kings of Lesotho
  • Heads of government of Lesotho
• Namibia
  • Presidents of Namibia
  • Prime Ministers of Namibia
• South Africa
  • List of Bhaca kings
  • List of Hlubi Kings
  • List of Mpondo Kings
  • List of Mpondomise Kings
  • List of Ndebele Kings
  • List of Thembu Kings
  • List of Xhosa Kings & Chiefs
  • List of Zulu kings
  • Governors-General of South Africa
  • State President of South Africa
  • Prime Ministers of South Africa
  • Homelands Leaders:
    • Heads of state of Bophuthatswana
    • Heads of state of Ciskei
    • Chief Ministers of Gazankulu
    • Chief Ministers of KaNgwane
    • Chief Ministers of KwaNdebele
    • Chief Ministers of KwaZulu
    • Chief Ministers of Lebowa
    • Chief Ministers of QwaQwa
    • Heads of government of Transkei
    • Heads of state of Transkei
    • Heads of state of Venda
  • President of South Africa
  • South African Premiers
• Swaziland
  • Kings of Swaziland
  • Heads of government of Swaziland

Western Africa

• Benin (former Dahomey)
  • Heads of state of Benin
  • Heads of government of Benin
  • Colonial heads of Benin (Dahomey and Porto-Novo)
    • Colonial heads of São João Baptista de Ajudá
    • Rulers of Hogbonu (Ajashe/Porto-Novo)
  • Bariba (Borgu) states
    • Rulers of the Bariba state of Kandi
    • Rulers of the Bariba state of Kwande
    • Rulers of the Bariba state of Nikki
    • Rulers of the Bariba state of Paraku
  • Berba states
    • Rulers of the Berba state of Gwande
  • Ewe states
    • Rulers of the Ewe state of Agwe
  • Fon states
    • Rulers of the Fon state of Alada (Allada)
    • Rulers of the Fon state of Danhome (Agbome) (Dahomey)
    • Rulers of the Fon state of Savi Hweda
  • Gurmanche states
    • Rulers of the Gurmanche state of Jugu (Sugu)
  • Mahi states
    • Rulers of the Mahi state of Fitta
    • Rulers of the Mahi state of Savalu
  • Yoruba states
    • Rulers of the Yoruba state of Dassa
    • Rulers of the Yoruba state of Icha
    • Rulers of the Yoruba state of Ketu
    • Rulers of the Yoruba state of Sabe
• Burkina Faso (former Upper Volta)
  • Heads of state of Burkina Faso
  • Heads of government of Burkina Faso (see also: Prime Minister of Burkina Faso with information specific to that post)
  • Colonial heads of Burkina Faso (Upper Volta)
  • List of rulers of Liptako
  • Mossi States:-
    • Rulers of the Mossi state of Gurunsi
    • Rulers of the Mossi state of Gwiriko
    • Rulers of the Mossi state of Tenkodogo
    • Rulers of the Mossi state of Wogodogo
    • Rulers of the Mossi state of Yatenga
    • Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilanga
    • Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilayanga
    • Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bongandini
    • Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Con
    • Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Macakoali
    • Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Nungu
    • Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Piela
• Cape Verde
  • Heads of state of Cape Verde
  • Heads of government of Cape Verde (see also: Prime Minister of Cape Verde with information specific to that post)
  • Colonial heads of Cape Verde
• Ivory Coast
  • Heads of state of Ivory Coast
  • Heads of government of Ivory Coast
  • Colonial heads of Ivory Coast
• The Gambia
  • Heads of state of the Gambia (see also Governors-General of the Gambia)
  • Heads of government of the Gambia
  • Colonial Heads of the Gambia
• Ghana: Rulers of Ghana
  • Heads of state of Ghana
  • Emperors of Ghana
• Guinea
  • Heads of state of Guinea
  • Heads of government of Guinea
  • Colonial heads of Guinea
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Lists_of_incumbents
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