A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
| Part of a series on |
| Spaceflight |
|---|
 |
 Spaceflight portal |
This is a list of space probes that have left Earth orbit (or were launched with that intention but failed), organized by their planned destination. It includes planetary probes, solar probes, and probes to asteroids and comets, but excludes lunar missions, which are listed separately at List of lunar probes and List of Apollo missions. Flybys (such as gravity assists) that were incidental to the main purpose of the mission are also included. Flybys of Earth are listed separately at List of Earth flybys. Confirmed future probes are included, but missions that are still at the concept stage, or which never progressed beyond the concept stage, are not.
Key
Colour key:
| – Mission or flyby completed successfully (or partially successfully) | – Failed or cancelled mission | ||
| – Mission en route or in progress (including mission extensions) | – Planned mission |
- † means "tentatively identified", as classified by NASA.[1] These are Cold War-era Soviet missions, mostly failures, about which few or no details have been officially released. The information given may be speculative.
- Date is the date of:
- closest encounter (flybys)
- impact (impactors)
- orbital insertion to end of mission, whether planned or premature (orbiters)
- landing to end of mission, whether planned or premature (landers)
- launch (missions that never got underway due to failure at or soon after launch)
- In cases which do not fit any of the above, the event to which the date refers is stated. As a result of this scheme missions are not always listed in order of launch.
- Some of the terms used under Type:
- Flyby: The probe flies by an astronomical body, but does not orbit it
- Orbiter: Part of a probe that orbits an astronomical body
- Lander: Part of a probe that descend to the surface of an astronomical body
- Rover: Part of a probe that acts as a vehicle to move on the solid-surface of an astronomical body
- Penetrator: Part of a probe that impacts an astronomical body
- Atmospheric probe or balloon: Part of a probe that descend through or floats in the atmosphere of an astronomical body; not restricted to weather balloons and other atmospheric sounders, as it can also be used for surface and subsurface imaging and remote sensing.
- Sample return: Parts of the probe return to Earth with physical samples
- Under Status, in the case of flybys (such as gravity assists) that are incidental to the main mission, "success" indicates the successful completion of the flyby, not necessarily that of the main mission.
Solar probes
While the Sun is not physically explorable with current technology, the following solar observation probes have been designed and launched to operate in heliocentric orbit or at one of the Earth–Sun Lagrangian points – additional solar observatories were placed in Earth orbit and are not included in this list:
1960–1969
| Spacecraft | Organization | Date | Type | Status | Notes | Image | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pioneer 5 |  NASA/ DOD
|
March–April 1960 | orbiter | success | measured magnetic field phenomena, solar flare particles, and ionization in the interplanetary region | 
|
1960-001A | |
| Pioneer 6(A) | NASA
|
December 1965 – still contactable in 2000 | orbiter | success | network of solar-orbiting "space weather" monitors, observing solar wind, cosmic rays, and magnetic fields | 
|
1965-105A | |
| Pioneer 7(B) | NASA
|
August 1966 – still contactable in 1995 | orbiter | success | 1966-075A | |||
| Pioneer 8(C) | NASA
|
December 1967 – still contactable in 2001 | orbiter | success | 1967-123A | |||
| Pioneer 9(D) | NASA
|
November 1968 – May 1983 | orbiter | success | 1968-100A | |||
| Pioneer-E | NASA
|
27 August 1969 | orbiter | failure | intended as part of the Pioneer 6–9 network; failed to reach orbit |
|
PIONE | |
1974–1997
| Spacecraft | Organization | Date | Type | Status | Notes | Image | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helios A |  DFVLR/ NASA
|
November 1974 – 1982 | orbiter | success | observations of solar wind, magnetic and electric fields, cosmic rays and cosmic dust between Earth and Sun | 
|
1974-097A | |
| Helios B | DFVLR/ NASA
|
January 1976 – 1985? | orbiter | success | 1976-003A | |||
| ISEE-3 | NASA
|
1978–1982 | orbiter | success | observed solar phenomena in conjunction with earth-orbiting ISEE-1 and ISEE-2; later renamed International Cometary Explorer (ICE) and directed to Comet Giacobini-Zinner | 
|
1976-003A | |
| Ulysses (first pass) |
 ESA/ NASA
|
1994 | orbiter | success | south polar observations | 
|
1990-090B | |
| 1995 | north polar observations | |||||||
| WIND | NASA
|
November 1994 – still active as of February 2020[2] | orbiter | success | solar wind measurements | 
|
1994-071A | |
| SOHO | ESA/ NASA
|
May 1996 – extended to December 2025[3] | orbiter | success | investigation of Sun's core, corona, and solar wind; comet discoveries | 
|
1995-065A | |
| ACE | NASA
|
August 1997 – projected until 2024[4] | orbiter | success | solar wind observations | 
|
1997-045A | |
2000–present
| Spacecraft | Organization | Date | Type | Status | Notes | Image | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ulysses (second pass) |
ESA/ NASA
|
2000 | orbiter | success | south polar observations |
|
1990-090B | |
| 2001 | north polar observations | |||||||
| Genesis | NASA
|
2001–2004 | orbiter/ sample return |
success | solar wind sample return; crash landed on return to Earth, much data salvaged | 
|
2001-034A | |
| STEREO A | NASA
|
December 2006 – still active as of September 2021[5][6][7] |
orbiter | success | stereoscopic imaging of coronal mass ejections and other solar phenomena | 
|
2006-047A | |
| STEREO B | NASA
|
December 2006 – October 2014. August 2016 – October 2018 (communication lost between 1 October 2014 and 21 August 2016) NASA directed that periodic recovery operations of Stereo-B cease with last support on October 17, 2018.[7][8] |
orbiter | success | stereoscopic imaging of coronal mass ejections and other solar phenomena |
|
2006-047B | |
| Ulysses (third pass) |
ESA/ NASA
|
2007 | orbiter | success | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_Solar_System_probes||||