Activated protein C–protein C inhibitor

Activated protein C–protein C inhibitor (APC-PCI) is a complex of activated protein C (APC) and protein C inhibitor (PCI).^[1]^[2]^[3] It has been measured in coagulation testing to evaluate coagulation, thrombosis, and other cardiovascular complications.^[2]^[3]^[4] It is a marker of thrombin generation and indicates hypercoagulability.^[1]^[5] The half-life of APC-PCI is either 40 minutes or 140 minutes.^[1]

Ethinylestradiol-containing birth control pills have been found to increase levels of APC-PCI to a similar degree as thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT) and to a greater extent than D-dimer.^[5] However, only APC-PCI was able to differentiate between a second- and third-generation birth control pill.^[5]

Another complex related to APC-PCI is the activated protein C–α₁-antitrypsin (APCAT) complex.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Merlini PA, Ardissino D (1995). "Laboratory Measurement of Thrombin Activity--What Every Clinician Scientist Needs to Know". Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 2 (2): 85–92. doi:10.1007/BF01064374. PMID 10608009. S2CID 28203940.
^ ^a ^b Lippi G, Cervellin G, Franchini M, Favaloro EJ (November 2010). "Biochemical markers for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism: the past, present and future". Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 30 (4): 459–71. doi:10.1007/s11239-010-0460-x. PMID 20213258. S2CID 23806848.
^ ^a ^b Davies RS, Abdelhamid M, Wall ML, Vohra RK, Bradbury AW, Adam DJ (September 2011). "Coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet activation in patients undergoing open and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 54 (3): 865–78. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2011.04.010. PMID 21684711.
^ Misra S, Kumar A, Kumar P, Yadav AK, Mohania D, Pandit AK, Prasad K, Vibha D (September 2017). "Blood-based protein biomarkers for stroke differentiation: A systematic review". Proteomics – Clinical Applications. 11 (9–10). doi:10.1002/prca.201700007. PMID 28452132. S2CID 13676815.
^ ^a ^b ^c Bremme K, Hamad RR, Berg E, Strandberg K, Stenflo J (October 2012). "The APC-PCI concentration as an early marker of activation of blood coagulation". Thrombosis Research. 130 (4): 636–9. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2011.11.006. PMID 22154243.

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[pmid10608009-1] Merlini PA, Ardissino D (1995). "Laboratory Measurement of Thrombin Activity--What Every Clinician Scientist Needs to Know". Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 2 (2): 85–92. doi:10.1007/BF01064374. PMID 10608009. S2CID 28203940.

[pmid20213258-2] Lippi G, Cervellin G, Franchini M, Favaloro EJ (November 2010). "Biochemical markers for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism: the past, present and future". Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 30 (4): 459–71. doi:10.1007/s11239-010-0460-x. PMID 20213258. S2CID 23806848.

[pmid21684711-3] Davies RS, Abdelhamid M, Wall ML, Vohra RK, Bradbury AW, Adam DJ (September 2011). "Coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet activation in patients undergoing open and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 54 (3): 865–78. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2011.04.010. PMID 21684711.

[pmid28452132-4] Misra S, Kumar A, Kumar P, Yadav AK, Mohania D, Pandit AK, Prasad K, Vibha D (September 2017). "Blood-based protein biomarkers for stroke differentiation: A systematic review". Proteomics – Clinical Applications. 11 (9–10). doi:10.1002/prca.201700007. PMID 28452132. S2CID 13676815.

[pmid22154243-5] Bremme K, Hamad RR, Berg E, Strandberg K, Stenflo J (October 2012). "The APC-PCI concentration as an early marker of activation of blood coagulation". Thrombosis Research. 130 (4): 636–9. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2011.11.006. PMID 22154243.

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v t e Hematology blood tests
Complete blood count	Hemoglobin Hematocrit Red blood cell count Red blood cell indices Mean corpuscular hemoglobin Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration Mean corpuscular volume Red blood cell distribution width White blood cell count White blood cell differential Absolute neutrophil count Platelet count Mean platelet volume Reticulocyte count Reticulocyte index
Other tests of red blood cells	Blood volume Total blood volume (TBV) Plasma volume (PV) Red cell volume (RCV) Fetal hemoglobin Apt–Downey test Kleihauer–Betke test Hemoglobinopathy testing Hemoglobin electrophoresis Sickle solubility test Mentzer index Erythrocyte sedimentation rate Haptoglobin Monocyte distribution width(MDW) Osmotic fragility
Coagulation	Clotting factors Prothrombin time Partial thromboplastin time Thrombin time Activated clotting time Fibrinogen Bleeding time animal enzyme Reptilase time Ecarin clotting time Dilute Russell's viper venom time Thrombin generation assay Calibrated automated thrombogram ST Genesia-based test Thromboelastography Thrombodynamics test Overall hemostatic potential Coagulation activation markers Prothrombin fragments 1+2 Thrombin–antithrombin complex Fibrinopeptide A Fibrin monomers Activated protein C–protein C inhibitor Fibrinolysis Euglobulin lysis time D-Dimer Plasmin-α₂-antiplasmin complex Von Willebrand factor Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation Activated protein C resistance test aPTT-based activated protein C resistance test ETP-based activated protein C resistance test
Other	Blood film Blood viscosity Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test Flow cytometry Immunophenotyping