A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
2 October
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| 2024 | ||||||
| October 2 in recent years |
| 2023 (Monday) |
| 2022 (Sunday) |
| 2021 (Saturday) |
| 2020 (Friday) |
| 2019 (Wednesday) |
| 2018 (Tuesday) |
| 2017 (Monday) |
| 2016 (Sunday) |
| 2015 (Friday) |
| 2014 (Thursday) |
October 2 is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 90 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
- 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor.[1]
- 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and other Frankish dukes.[2]
- 1263 – The Battle of Largs is fought between Norwegians and Scots.[3]
- 1470 – The Earl of Warwick's rebellion forces King Edward IV of England to flee to the Netherlands,[4] restoring Henry VI to the throne.[5]
- 1552 – Russo-Kazan Wars: Russian troops enter Kazan.[6]
1601–1900
- 1780 – American Revolutionary War: John André, a British Army officer, is hanged as a spy by the Continental Army.[7]
- 1789 – The United States Bill of Rights is sent to the various States for ratification.[8]
- 1835 – Texas Revolution: Mexican troops attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.[9]
- 1864 – American Civil War: Confederates defeat a Union attack on Saltville, Virginia. A massacre of wounded Union prisoners ensues.[10]
- 1870 – By plebiscite, the citizens of the Papal States accept annexation by the Kingdom of Italy.[11]
1901–present
- 1920 – Ukrainian War of Independence: Mikhail Frunze orders the Red Army to immediately cease hostilities with the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.[12]
- 1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, is founded.[13][14]
- 1937 – Rafael Trujillo orders the execution of Haitians living in the border region of the Dominican Republic.[15]
- 1942 – World War II: Ocean Liner RMS Queen Mary accidentally rams and sinks HMS Curacoa, killing over 300 crewmen aboard Curacoa.[16]
- 1944 – World War II: German troops end the Warsaw Uprising.[17]
- 1958 – Guinea declares its independence from France.[18]
- 1967 – Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of the United States Supreme Court.[18]
- 1968 – Mexican President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz orders soldiers to suppress a demonstration of unarmed students, ten days before the start of the 1968 Summer Olympics.[19]
- 1970 – An aircraft carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado, killing 31 people.[20]
- 1971 – South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu is re-elected in a one-man election.[21]
- 1971 – British European Airways Flight 706 crashes near Aarsele, Belgium, killing 63.[22]
- 1980 – Michael Myers becomes the first member of either chamber of Congress to be expelled since the Civil War.[23]
- 1990 – Xiamen Airlines Flight 8301 is hijacked and lands at Guangzhou, where it crashes into two other airliners on the ground, killing 132.[24]
- 1992 – Military police storm the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil during a prison riot. The resulting massacre leaves 111 prisoners dead.[25]
- 1996 – Aeroperú Flight 603 crashes into the ocean near Peru, killing all 70 people on board.[26]
- 1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.[27]
- 2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin in Washington, D.C., extending over three weeks and killing 10 people.[28]
- 2004 – The first parkrun, then known as the Bushy Park Time Trial, takes place in Bushy Park, London, UK.[29]
- 2006 – Five Amish girls are murdered in a shooting at a school in Pennsylvania, United States.[30]
- 2007 – President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea goes to North Korea for an Inter-Korean summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong-il.[31]
- 2016 – Ethiopian protests break out during a festival in the Oromia region, killing dozens of people.[32]
- 2018 – The Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi is assassinated in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, Turkey.[33]
- 2019 – A privately-owned Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress conducting a living history exhibition flight crashes shortly after takeoff from Windsor Locks, Connecticut, killing seven.[34]
Births
Pre-1600
- 1452 – Richard III of England (d. 1485)[35]
- 1470 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, Daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1498)[36]
- 1527 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1579)[37]
- 1538 – Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal and saint (d. 1584)[38]
1601–1900
- 1718 – Elizabeth Montagu, English author and critic (d. 1800)[39]
- 1768 – William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, English general and politician (d. 1854)[40]
- 1798 – Charles Albert, King of Sardinia (1831–49) (d. 1849)[41]
- 1800 – Nat Turner, American slave and uprising leader (d. 1831)[42]
- 1815 – James Agnew, Irish-Australian politician, Premier of Tasmania (d. 1901)[43]
- 1821 – Alexander P. Stewart, American general (d. 1908)[44]
- 1828 – Charles Floquet, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1896)[45]
- 1832 – Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist (d. 1917)[46]
- 1847 – Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and politician, 2nd President of Germany (d. 1934)[47]
- 1851 – Ferdinand Foch, French field marshal (d. 1929)[48]
- 1852 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)[49]
- 1854 – Patrick Geddes, Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer, and philanthropist (d. 1932)[50]
- 1866 – Swami Abhedananda, Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1939)[51]
- 1869 – Mahatma Gandhi, Indian freedom fighter, activist and philosopher (d. 1948)[18]
- 1871 – Cordell Hull, American politician, United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)[18]
- 1871 – Martha Brookes Hutcheson, American landscaper and author (d. 1959)[52]
- 1873 – Stephen Warfield Gambrill, American lawyer and politician (d. 1924)[53]
- 1873 – Pelham Warner, English cricketer and manager (d. 1963)[54]
- 1875 – Pattie Ruffner Jacobs, American suffragist (d. 1935)[55]
- 1879 – Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)[56]
- 1882 – Boris Shaposhnikov, Russian colonel (d. 1945)[57]
- 1883 – Karl von Terzaghi, Austrian geologist and engineer (d. 1963)[58]
- 1890 – Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)[18]
- 1893 – Leroy Shield, American composer and conductor (d. 1962)[59]
- 1895 – Ruth Cheney Streeter, American colonel (d. 1990)[60]
- 1900 – Leela Roy Nag, Indian freedom fighter, social reformer and politician (d. 1970)[61]
1901–present
- 1902 – Leopold Figl, Austrian politician, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1965)[62]
- 1904 – Graham Greene, English novelist, playwright, and critic (d. 1991)[18]
- 1904 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indian and politician, Prime Minister of India (d. 1966)[63]
- 1905 – Franjo Šeper, Croatian cardinal (d. 1981)[64]
- 1906 – Thomas Hollway, Australian politician, Premier of Victoria (d. 1971)[65]
- 1907 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician, President of Bolivia (d. 2001)[66]
- 1907 – Alexander R. Todd, Scottish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)[67]
- 1909 – Alex Raymond, American cartoonist, creator of Flash Gordon (d. 1956)[68]
- 1912 – Frank Malina, American engineer and painter (d. 1981)[69]
- 1914 – Jack Parsons, American chemist, occultist, and engineer (d. 1952)[70]
- 1914 – Bernarr Rainbow, English organist, conductor, and historian (d. 1998)[71]
- 1915 – Chuck Williams, American author and businessman, founded Williams Sonoma (d. 2015)[72]
- 1917 – Christian de Duve, Belgian cytologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)[73]
- 1917 – Charles Drake, American actor (d. 1994)[74]
- 1919 – John W. Duarte, English guitarist and composer (d. 2004)[75]
- 1921 – Edmund Crispin, English writer and composer (d. 1978)[76]
- 1921 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American pilot and engineer (d. 2006)[77]
- 1921 – Robert Runcie, English archbishop (d. 2000)[78]
- 1925 – Wren Blair, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2013)[79]
- 1926 – Jan Morris, Welsh historian and author (d. 2020)[80]
- 1928 – George McFarland, American actor (d. 1993)[81]
- 1928 – Wolfhart Pannenberg, Polish-German theologian and academic (d. 2014)[82][83]
- 1929 – Peter Bronfman, Canadian businessman (d. 1996)[84]
- 1929 – Moses Gunn, American actor (d. 1993)[18]
- 1930 – Dave Barrett, Canadian social worker and politician, 26th Premier of British Columbia (d. 2018)[85]
- 1932 – Maury Wills, American baseball player and manager (d. 2022)[86]
- 1933 – John Gurdon, English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[87]
- 1933 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (d. 2015)[88]
- 1934 – Richard Scott, Baron Scott of Foscote, English lawyer and judge[89]
- 1934 – Earl Wilson, American baseball player (d. 2005)[90]
- 1935 – Omar Sívori, Italian-Argentine footballer and manager (d. 2005)[91]
- 1936 – Dick Barnett, American basketball player[92]
- 1936 – Connie Dierking, American basketball player (d. 2013)[93]
- 1937 – Johnnie Cochran, American lawyer (d. 2005)[94]
- 1938 – Waheed Murad, Pakistani actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1983)[95]
- 1938 – Rex Reed, American film critic[96]
- 1939 – Budhi Kunderan, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)[97]
- 1941 – Diana Hendry, English poet and author[98]
- 1941 – Ron Meagher, American rock bass player[99]
- 1942 – Steve Sabol, American director and producer, co-founded NFL Films (d. 2012)[100]
- 1943 – Anna Ford, English journalist[101]
- 1943 – Henri Szeps, Australian actor[102]
- 1944 – Vernor Vinge, American author (d. 2024)[103]
- 1945 – Martin Hellman, American cryptographer and academic[104]
- 1945 – Don McLean, American singer-songwriter[105]
- 1946 – Sonthi Boonyaratglin, Thai general and politician[106]
- 1947 – Ward Churchill, American author and activist[107]
- 1948 – Trevor Brooking, English footballer and manager[108]
- 1948 – Avery Brooks, American actor[109]
- 1948 – Donna Karan, American fashion designer, founded DKNY[110]
- 1948 – Siim Kallas, Estonian politician, Prime Minister of Estonia[111]
- 1948 – Persis Khambatta, Indian model and actress, (d. 1998)[112]
- 1949 – Richard Hell, American singer-songwriter and bass player[113]
- 1949 – Annie Leibovitz, American photographer[105]
- 1950 – Mike Rutherford, English guitarist[114]
- 1951 – Sting, English singer-songwriter and actor[105]
- 1952 – Robin Riker, American actress[115]
- 1953 – Vanessa Bell Armstrong, American singer[116]
- 1953 – Tom Boswell, American basketball player[117]
- 1954 – Lorraine Bracco, American actress[115]
- 1955 – Philip Oakey, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer[118]
- 1956 – Freddie Jackson, American soul singer[119]
- 1957 – John Cook, American golfer[120]
- 1957 – Wade Dooley, English rugby player[121]
- 1958 – Robbie Nevil, American singer-songwriter[115]
- 1960 – Glenn Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player[122]
- 1960 – Django Bates, English musician and composer[123]
- 1960 – Joe Sacco, Maltese-American journalist and cartoonist[124]
- 1960 – Dereck Whittenburg, American basketball player and coach[125]
- 1962 – Mark Rypien, Canadian-American football player[126]
- 1963 – Keith Bradshaw, Australian cricketer[127]
- 1963 – Maria Ressa, Filipino-American journalist[128]
- 1964 – Dirk Brinkmann, German field hockey player[129]
- 1965 – Darren Cahill, Australian tennis player[130]
- 1965 – Tom Moody, Australian cricketer[131]
- 1965 – Ferhan and Ferzan Önder, Turkish-Austrian pianists[132][133]
- 1966 – Yokozuna, American wrestler (d. 2000)[134]
- 1967 – Frankie Fredericks, Namibian sprinter[135]
- 1967 – Thomas Muster, Austrian tennis player[136]
- 1967 – Gillian Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[137]
- 1968 – Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2017)[138]
- 1968 – Joey Slotnick, American actor[115]
- 1968 – Glen Wesley, Canadian ice hockey player[139]
- 1968 – Kelly Willis, American country music singer-songwriter[140]
- 1969 – Badly Drawn Boy, English musician[141]
- 1970 – Eddie Guardado, American baseball player[142]
- 1970 – Patricia O'Callaghan, Canadian soprano[143]
- 1970 – Kelly Ripa, American actress and talk show host[105]
- 1970 – Maribel Verdú, Spanish actress[144]
- 1971 – Tiffany Darwish, American singer-songwriter[145]
- 1971 – Jim Root, American guitarist and songwriter[146]
- 1971 – Chris Savino, American comic book artist, writer, animator and creator of The Loud House[147]
- 1972 – Aaron McKie, American basketball player[148]
- 1973 – Melissa Harris-Perry, American journalist, author, and educator[149]
- 1973 – Lene Nystrøm, Norwegian singer, songwriter, and musician[115]
- 1973 – Efren Ramirez, American actor[115]
- 1973 – Scott Schoeneweis, American baseball player[150]
- 1974 – Bjarke Ingels, Danish architect[151]
- 1974 – Brian Knight, American baseball player[152]
- 1974 – Matthew Nicholson, Australian cricketer[153]
- 1974 – Sam Roberts, Canadian singer-songwriter and musician[154]
- 1974 – Paul Teutul Jr., American motorcycle designer, co-founded Orange County Choppers[105]
- 1976 – Mark Chilton, English cricketer[155]
- 1977 – Didier Défago, Swiss skier[156]
- 1978 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer, songwriter, actress[157]
- 1979 – Primož Brezec, Slovenian basketball player[158]
- 1981 – Santi Kolk, Dutch footballer[159]
- 1981 – Luke Wilkshire, Australian footballer[160]
- 1982 – Tyson Chandler, American basketball player[161]
- 1982 – Esra Gümüş, Turkish volleyball player[162]
- 1984 – Marion Bartoli, French tennis player[163]
- 1985 – Çağlar Birinci, Turkish footballer[164]
- 1985 – Brandon Jackson, American football player[165]
- 1986 – Camilla Belle, American actress[166]
- 1987 – Bojana Bobusic, Australian tennis player[167]
- 1987 – Joe Ingles, Australian basketball player[168]
- 1987 – Phil Kessel, American ice hockey player[169]
- 1987 – Christopher Larkin, South Korean-American actor[115]
- 1987 – Joel Reinders, American football player[170]
- 1987 – Ricky Stenhouse Jr., American race car driver[171]
- 1988 – Kirara Asuka, Japanese model and adult video actress[172]
- 1988 – Brittany Howard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[173]
- 1989 – Frederik Andersen, Danish ice hockey player[174]
- 1989 – Josh Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player[175]
- 1989 – Aaron Hicks, American baseball player[176]
- 1989 – George Nash, English rower[177]
- 1990 – Samantha Barks, Manx actress and singer[115]
- 1991 – Roberto Firmino, Brazilian footballer[178]
- 1992 – Alisson Becker, Brazilian footballer[179]
- 1992 – Shane Larkin, American-Turkish basketball player[180]
- 1993 – Lance McCullers Jr., American baseball player[181]
- 1993 – Elizabeth McLaughlin, American actress[115]
- 1994 – Joana Eidukonytė, Lithuanian tennis player[182]
- 1995 – Tepai Moeroa, Cook Islands rugby league player[183]
- 1996 – Tom Trbojevic, Australian rugby league player[184]
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 534 – Athalaric, king of the Ostrogoths in Italy[185]
- 829 – Michael II, Byzantine emperor[186]
- 939 – Eberhard of Franconia[2]
- 939 – Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine[2]
- 1264 – Pope Urban IV[187]
- 1559 – Jacquet of Mantua, French-Italian composer (b. 1483)[188]
1601–1900
- 1626 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, 1st Count of Gondomar, Spanish academic and diplomat (b. 1567)[189]
- 1629 – Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)[190]
- 1629 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and theologian (b. 1575)[191]
- 1674 – George Frederick of Nassau-Siegen, officer in the Dutch Army (b. 1606)[192]
- 1678 – Wu Sangui, Qing Chinese general (b. 1612)[193]
- 1708 – Anne Jules de Noailles, French general (b. 1650)[194]
- 1709 – Ivan Mazepa, Ukrainian diplomat (b. 1639)[195]
- 1724 – François-Timoléon de Choisy, French historian and author (b. 1644)[196]
- 1746 – Josiah Burchett, English admiral and politician (b. 1666)[197]
- 1764 – William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1720)[198]
- 1780 – John André, English soldier (b. 1750)[7]
- 1782 – Charles Lee, English-born American general (b. 1732)[199]
- 1786 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, English admiral and politician (b. 1725)[200]
- 1803 – Samuel Adams, American politician, Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1722)[201]
- 1804 – Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French engineer (b. 1725)[202]
- 1850 – Sarah Biffen, English painter (b. 1784)[203]
- 1853 – François Arago, French mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and politician (b. 1786)[204]
1901–present
- 1920 – Max Bruch, German composer and conductor (b. 1838)[205]
- 1927 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)[206]
- 1938 – Alexandru Averescu, Romanian military leader and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1859)[207]
- 1943 – John Evans, English-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1855)[208]
- 1953 – John Marin, American painter (b. 1870)[209]
- 1955 – William R. Orthwein, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1881)[210]
- 1968 – Marcel Duchamp, French painter and sculptor (b. 1887)[211]
- 1971 – Jessie Arms Botke, American painter (b. 1883)[212]
- 1973 – Paul Hartman, American actor and dancer (b. 1904)[213]
- 1973 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (b. 1897)[214]
- 1974 – Vasily Shukshin, Russian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)[215]
- 1975 – K. Kamaraj, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1903)[216]
- 1981 – Harry Golden, American journalist and author (b. 1902)[217]
- 1981 – Hazel Scott, Trinidadian-American activist, actress, and musician (b. 1920)[218]
- 1985 – Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)[219]
- 1987 – Madeleine Carroll, English actress (b. 1906)[220]
- 1987 – Peter Medawar, Brazilian-English biologist and zoologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)[221]
- 1988 – Alec Issigonis, English car designer, designed the Mini (b. 1906)[222]
- 1988 – Hamengkubuwono IX, Indonesian politician, Vice President of Indonesia (b. 1912)[223]
- 1991 – Hazen Argue, Canadian politician (b. 1921)[224]
- 1991 – Demetrios I of Constantinople (b. 1914)[225]
- 1996 – Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, Premier of Quebec (b. 1933)[226]
- 1996 – Andrey Lukanov, Bulgarian politician, 40th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1938)[227]
- 1998 – Gene Autry, American actor, singer, and guitarist (b. 1907)[228]
- 1999 – Heinz G. Konsalik, German journalist and author (b. 1921)[229]
- 2000 – David Tonkin, Australian politician, Premier of South Australia (b. 1929)[230]
- 2001 – Franz Biebl, German composer and academic (b. 1906)[231]
- 2002 – Heinz von Foerster, Austrian-American physicist and philosopher (b. 1911)[232]
- 2003 – John Thomas Dunlop, American scholar and politician, United States Secretary of Labor (b. 1914)[233]
- 2005 – Nipsey Russell, American comedian and actor (b. 1918)[234]
- 2005 – August Wilson, American author and playwright (b. 1945)[235]
- 2006 – Helen Chenoweth-Hage, American politician (b. 1938)[236]
- 2006 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian-American mathematician (b. 1916)[237]
- 2007 – Tex Coulter, American football player (b. 1924)[238][239]
- 2007 – George Grizzard, American actor (b. 1928)[240]
- 2007 – Dan Keating, Irish Republican Army volunteer (b. 1902)[241]
- 2010 – Kwa Geok Choo, Singaporean lawyer and scholar (b. 1920)[242]
- 2012 – Nguyễn Chí Thiện, Vietnamese-American poet and activist (b. 1939)[243]
- 2012 – Charles Roach, Trinidadian-Canadian lawyer and activist (b. 1933)[244]
- 2012 – J. Philippe Rushton, English-Canadian psychologist, theorist, academic (b. 1943)[245]
- 2013 – Abraham Nemeth, American mathematician and academic (b. 1918)[246]
- 2014 – Robert Flower, Australian footballer (b. 1955)[247]
- 2015 – Brian Friel, Irish author, playwright, and director (b. 1929)[248]
- 2015 – Coleridge Goode, Jamaican-English bassist and composer (b. 1914)[249]
- 2015 – Johnny Paton, Scottish footballer and coach (b. 1923)[250]
- 2016 – Neville Marriner, British conductor (b. 1924)[251]
- 2017 – Tom Petty, American musician (b. 1950)[252]
- 2018 – Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist (b. 1958)[253]
- 2020 – Anne-Marie Hutchinson, British lawyer (b. 1957)[254]
- 2022 – Sacheen Littlefeather, American actress, model and activist for Native American civil rights (b. 1946)[255]
- 2023 – Francis Lee, English football player (b. 1944)[256]
Holidays and observances
- Batik Day (Indonesia)[257]
- Christian feast day:
- Gandhi's birthday-related observances:
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Guinea from France in 1958[18]
- National Grandparents Day (Italy)[261]
References
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- ^ Haine, Edgar A. (2000). Disaster in the Air. Associated University Presses. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-8453-4777-5.
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- ^ Commission, United States Federal Communications (1997). FCC Record: A Comprehensive Compilation of Decisions, Reports, Public Notices, and Other Documents of the Federal Communications Commission of the United States. The Commission. p. 8491.
- ^ "Beltway sniper attacks | Description, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "Our story". www.parkrun.com. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
- ^ "'The happening': 10 years after the Amish shooting". The Guardian. 2 October 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
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