Pseudolithos

Pseudolithos
	Pseudolithos migiurtinus plant in cultivation
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Apocynaceae
Subfamily:	Asclepiadoideae
Tribe:	Ceropegieae
Genus:	Pseudolithos; P.R.O.Bally

Pseudolithos is a genus of succulent flowering plants of the family Apocynaceae, indigenous to arid areas of Somalia, Yemen and Oman.

Description and naming

The plants were first described as a genus in 1965; the name "Pseudo-lithos" means "false-stone" and refers to their pebble-like appearance. It was originally proposed as Lithocaulon earlier in 1956, but this name was already in use for a genus of fossil algae.^[1] All species in this genus are highly succulent, small in size, and exhibit tessellation on their stems' surface. Their small flowers appear on the spherical body's surface.^[2]^[3]

Species ^[4]

Pseudolithos caput-viperae Lavranos - Somalia
Pseudolithos cubiformis (P.R.O. Bally) P.R.O. Bally - N Somalia
Pseudolithos dodsonianus (Lavranos) Bruyns & Meve - Somalia & Oman
Pseudolithos gigas Dioli - Eastern Ethiopia
Pseudolithos harardheranus Dioli - Somalia
Pseudolithos horwoodii P.R.O. Bally & Lavranos - Somalia
Pseudolithos mccoyi Lavranos - Yemen & Oman
Pseudolithos migiurtinus (Chiov.) P.R.O. Bally - S + C Somalia
Pseudolithos sphaericus (P.R.O. Bally) P.R.O. Bally - N Somalia

Taxonomy

Phylogenetic studies have shown the genus to be monophyletic, and most closely related to the widespread Caralluma stapeliads of North Africa. Marginally more distantly related is a sister branch comprising the genera Echidnopsis and Rhytidocaulon.^[5]

References

^ Bally, P. R. O.; Horwood, F. K.; Lavranos, J. J. (1975). "A Monograph of the Genera Pseudolithos and Whitesloanea". The National Cactus and Succulent Journal. 30 (2): 31–36. ISSN 0027-8858. JSTOR 42791977.
^ "Tropicos - Name - Pseudolithos P.R.O. Bally". tropicos.org.
^ "Notes Pseudolithos - Quaqua". asclepiad-exhibition.org.
^ "Pseudolithos". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^ P. Bruyns, C. Klak, P. Hanacek: Evolution of the stapeliads (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) - repeated major radiation across Africa in an Old World group. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2014. v. 77, no. 1, p. 251--263. ISSN 1055-7903.

External links

Dave's Garden
Columbus Cactus Club photos

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[1] Bally, P. R. O.; Horwood, F. K.; Lavranos, J. J. (1975). "A Monograph of the Genera Pseudolithos and Whitesloanea". The National Cactus and Succulent Journal. 30 (2): 31–36. ISSN 0027-8858. JSTOR 42791977.

[2] "Tropicos - Name - Pseudolithos P.R.O. Bally". tropicos.org.

[3] "Notes Pseudolithos - Quaqua". asclepiad-exhibition.org.

[4] "Pseudolithos". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

[5] P. Bruyns, C. Klak, P. Hanacek: Evolution of the stapeliads (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) - repeated major radiation across Africa in an Old World group. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2014. v. 77, no. 1, p. 251--263. ISSN 1055-7903.

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Pseudolithos

Pseudolithos migiurtinus plant in cultivation
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Apocynaceae
Subfamily:	Asclepiadoideae
Tribe:	Ceropegieae
Genus:	Pseudolithos P.R.O.Bally