A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
Phaneropterinae | |
---|---|
Female Phaneroptera nana | |
Male Isophya pyrenaea | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Orthoptera |
Suborder: | Ensifera |
Family: | Tettigoniidae |
Subfamily: | Phaneropterinae Burmeister, 1838[1] |
Synonyms | |
|
The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae.[2][3] Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known.[citation needed] They are also known as false katydids[4] or round-headed katydids.[2]
The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing";[5] this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.
Description
The legs of individuals in this subfamily vary from genus to genus, but, as in nearly all Orthoptera, the posterior (rear) legs are adapted to leaping, and as such are always much longer than other legs. Phaneropterinae are generally well-camouflaged with green and brown colors being most prevalent, but there are exceptions including certain Aganacris and Scaphura that are Batesian mimics of wasps.[6]
The Phaneropterinae are largely arboreal in habitat.[2] The vast majority of species live in shrubs and trees, feeding on leaves and twigs.[2] Some species might potentially cause significant damage, though usually superficial, when present in large numbers, but this is rare; they usually are solitary, unlike meadow grasshoppers, so much so that they seldom come to human notice.[2]
The ovipositor and male genitalia vary according to the genus. The Phaneropterinae differ from other subfamilies of Tettigoniidae (and other Orthoptera) in their oviposition; their eggs are rarely deposited in the earth, but are either glued in double rows to twigs, or are inserted in the edges of leaves.[2]
Taxonomy
The subfamily Phaneropterinae was first erected in 1838 by German zoologist Hermann Burmeister.[3] As of January 2024[update], Orthoptera Species File lists the following tribes, subtribes, genus groups, and genera.[3]
Acrometopini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Europe, the Middle East, Africa
- Acrometopa Fieber, 1853
- Altihoratosphaga Hemp, Voje, Heller, Warchalowska-Sliwa & Hemp, 2010
- Conchotopoda Karsch, 1887
- Horatosphaga Schaum, 1853
- Lamecosoma Ragge, 1960
- Peronura Karsch, 1889
- Peronurella Hemp, 2018
- Prosphaga Ragge, 1960
- Tenerasphaga Hemp, 2018
Amblycoryphini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Africa
- Subtribe Plangiina Cadena-Castañeda, 2015
- Madagascarantia Massa, 2017
- Monteiroa Karsch, 1889
- Paraplangia Heller, 2018
- Plangia Stål, 1873
- Pseudoplangia Massa, 2014
- Subtribe not assigned
- Agaurella Uvarov, 1939
- Amblycorypha Stål, 1873
- Eurycoplangiodes Massa, 2020
- Eurycorypha Stål, 1873
- Orophus Saussure, 1859
- Oxygonatium Ragge, 1980
- Paraeurycorypha Massa, 2020
- Plangiodes Chopard, 1954
Barbitistini
Auth.: Jacobson, 1905 – Europe to central Asia
- Ancistrura Uvarov, 1921 - monotypic Ancistrura nigrovittata (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878)
- Andreiniimon Capra, 1937 - monotypic Andreiniimon nuptialis (Karny, 1918)
- Barbitistes Charpentier, 1825
- Dasycercodes Bei-Bienko, 1951 - monotypic Dasycercodes iranicus Bey-Bienko, 1951
- Euconocercus Bei-Bienko, 1950
- Isoimon Bei-Bienko, 1954 - monotypic Isoimon riabovi (Uvarov, 1927)
- Isophya Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Kurdia Uvarov, 1916
- Leptophyes Fieber, 1853
- Metaplastes Ramme, 1939
- Orthocercodes Bei-Bienko, 1951 - monotypic Orthocercodes zarudnyi (Uvarov, 1930)
- Phonochorion Uvarov, 1916
- Poecilimon Fischer, 1853
- Polysarcus Fieber, 1853
Catoptropterigini
Auth.: Massa, 2016 – Africa
- Catoptropteryx Karsch, 1890
- Griffinipteryx Massa, 2016
Ducetiini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, India, China, Indochina to Australia
- Abaxisotima Gorochov, 2005
- Agnapha Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891
- Bulbistridulous Xia & Liu, 1991
- Ducetia Stål, 1874
- Kuwayamaea Matsumura & Shiraki, 1908
- Noia Walker, 1870
- Paraducetia Gorochov & Kang, 2002
- Paragnapha Willemse, 1923
- Prohimerta Hebard, 1922
- Shirakisotima Furukawa, 1963
- Subibulbistridulous Shi, 2002
Dysoniini
Auth.: Rehn, 1950 – tropical Americas
- Genus group Dysonia (temporary)
- Dysonia White, 1862
- Lichenodentix Cadena-Castañeda, 2011
- Lichenomorphus Cadena-Castañeda, 2011
- Genus group Markia Cadena-Castañeda, 2013
- Apolinaria Rehn, 1950
- Lichenodraculus Braun, 2011
- Machima Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Machimoides Rehn, 1950
- Markia White, 1862
- Genus group Paraphidniae Cadena-Castañeda, 2016
- Anaphidna Gorochov & Cadena-Castañeda, 2012
- Paraphidnia Giglio-Tos, 1898
- Genus group not assigned
- Hammatofera Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Quiva Hebard, 1927
- Yungasacris Rehn, 1950
Ectemnini
Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – tropical Americas
- Ectemna Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Euthyrrhachis Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Elimaeini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 – Asia
- Ectadia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Elimaea Stål, 1874
- Hemielimaea Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Orthelimaea Karny, 1926
Holochlorini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Asia-Pacific
- Ancylecha Serville, 1838
- Arantia Stål, 1874
- Arnobia Stål, 1876
- Calopsyra Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891
- Casigneta Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Cesasundana Koçak & Kemal, 2009
- Dapanera Karsch, 1889
- Elbenia Stål, 1876
- Furnia Stål, 1876
- Gonatoxia Karsch, 1889
- Holochlora Stål, 1873
- Leucopodoptera Rentz & Webber, 2003
- Liotrachela Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Molpa Walker, 1870
- Parapsyra Carl, 1914
- Phaulula Bolívar, 1906
- Phygela Stål, 1876
- Poecilopsyra Dohrn, 1892
- Pseudopsyra Hebard, 1922
- Psyrana Uvarov, 1940
- Rectimarginalis Liu & Kang, 2007
- Ruidocollaris Liu, 1993
- Sinochlora Tinkham, 1945
- Stibaroptera Bolívar, 1906
- Stictophaula Hebard, 1922
- Sympaestria Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Tapiena Bolívar, 1906
Insarini
Auth.: Rehn, & Hebard, 1914 – tropical & subtropical Americas
- Arethaea Stål, 1876
- Brachyinsara Rehn & Hebard, 1914
- Insara Walker, 1869
- Psilinsara Hebard, 1932
Kevaniellini
Auth.: Massa, 2017 – eastern Africa
- Kevaniella Chopard, 1954
Letanini
Auth.: Hebard, 1922 – Asia
Microcentrini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas
- Acropsis Uvarov, 1939
- Anapolisia Piza, 1980
- Apoballa Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Boroseiyla Mendes, Chamorro-Rengifo & Rafael, 2020
- Caauara Mendes, Chamorro-Rengifo & Rafael, 2020
- Capanema Mendes & Rafael, 2021
- Capiguara Mendes, Chamorro-Rengifo & Rafael, 2020
- Ctenophlebia Stål, 1873
- Hyalipenna Mendes, Chamorro-Rengifo & Rafael, 2020
- Ischyra Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Lamprophyllum Hebard, 1924
- Lobophyllus Saussure, 1859
- Microcentrum Scudder, 1862
- Petaloptera Saussure, 1859
- Philophyllia Stål, 1873
- Phoebolampta Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Raggophyllum Nickle, 1967
- Syntechna Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Tuaia Mendes, Chamorro-Rengifo & Rafael, 2020
- Tukunha Mendes & Rafael, 2021
Mirolliini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Asia
- Amirollia Ingrisch, 2011
- Deflorita Bolívar, 1906
- Hemimirollia Ingrisch, 2011
- Hueikaeana Ingrisch, 1998
- Mirollia Stål, 1873
Morgeniini
Auth.: Karsch, 1890 - central and western Africa
- Mangomaloba Sjöstedt, 1902
- Morgenia Karsch, 1890
Odonturini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Iberian peninsula, Africa, Pacific islands
- Genus group Dichopetala
- Acanthorintes Cohn, Swanson & Fontana, 2014
- Dichopetala Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Gymnocerca Cohn, Swanson & Fontana, 2014
- Mactruchus Cohn, Swanson & Fontana, 2014
- Obolopteryx Cohn, Swanson & Fontana, 2014
- Planipollex Cohn, Swanson & Fontana, 2014
- Pterodichopetala Buzzetti, Barrientos-Lozano & Rocha-Sánchez, 2010
- Rhabdocerca Cohn, Swanson & Fontana, 2014
- Genus group not assigned
- Angara Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891
- Anisophya Karabag, 1960
- Arachnitus Hebard, 1932
- Arostratum Massa, 2015
- Atlasacris Rehn, 1914
- Cohnia Buzzetti, Fontana & Carotti, 2010
- Monticolaria Sjöstedt, 1910
- Nanoleptopoda Braun, 2011
- Odontura Rambur, 1838
- Odonturoides Ragge, 1980
- Parangara Rehn, 1945
- Paraperopyrrhicia Ebner, 1915
- Peropyrrhicia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891
- Xenicola Uvarov, 1940
Otiaphysini
Auth.: Karsch, 1889 - Africa
- Debrona Walker, 1870
- Drepanophyllum Karsch, 1890
- Stenamblyphyllum Karsch, 1896
- Tetraconcha Karsch, 1890
Pardalotini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 - Africa
- Pardalota Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
- Poecilogramma Karsch, 1887
Percynini
Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – South America
Phaneropterini
Auth.: Burmeister, 1838 – distributed worldwide
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