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The British Armed Forces recognises service and personal accomplishments of individuals while a member of the Royal Navy, British Army or Royal Air Force with the awarding of various awards and decorations.
Together with rank and qualification badges, such awards are a means to outwardly display the highlights of a serviceperson's career.
Order of wear
All services use a common order of wear, in accordance with the 2019 order of wear:[1]
- The Victoria Cross and the George Cross
- United Kingdom Orders
- United Kingdom Decorations
- Order of St John (all classes)
- United Kingdom Medals for Gallantry and for Distinguished Service
- United Kingdom Campaign and Operational Service Medals (including authorised United Nations medals and medals of other recognised international organisations). Worn in order of date of award
- United Kingdom Polar Medals
- United Kingdom Police Medals for Valuable Service
- United Kingdom Jubilee, Coronation and Durbar Medals
- Long Service and Efficiency Awards
- Commonwealth Orders, Decorations and Medals instituted by the Sovereign. Worn in order of date of award.
- Commonwealth Orders, Decorations and Medals instituted since 1949 otherwise than by the Sovereign (including those of the States of Malaysia and the State of Brunei). Worn in order of date of award.
- Foreign Orders. If approved for wear, worn in order of date of award.
- Foreign Decorations. If approved for wear, worn in order of date of award.
- Foreign Medals. If approved for wear, worn in order of date of award.
Jubilee, Coronation and Durbar medals were worn before campaign medals until November 1918, after which the order of wear was changed, with them now worn after campaign medals and before long service awards.[2]
British military medals and ribbons
Military orders and decorations
Emblem | Description | Postnom | Established | Eligibility Period | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level 1 Decorations | |||||
Victoria Cross | VC | 5 February 1856[3] | Jan 1856 – present | For valour in combat. | |
George Cross | GC | 24 September 1940[4] | 1940 – present | For valour other than in combat. | |
Orders – First Class | |||||
Knight/Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) |
GCB(Mil) | 27 May 1725[5][6] | 27 May 1725 – present[5][6] | Prior to 2 January 1815, this grade was known as a Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath.[5][6] | |
Member of the Order of Merit (Military Division) |
OM(Mil) | 23 June 1902[7] | 23 June 1902 – present[7] | ||
Knight/Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division) |
GBE(Mil) | 24 August 1917[8][9] | 4 June 1917 – present[8][9] | ||
Orders – Second Class | |||||
Knight/Dame Commander of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) |
KCB(Mil) DCB(Mil) |
2 January 1815[5][6] | 2 January 1815 – present[5][6] | ||
Knight/Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division) |
KBE(Mil) DBE(Mil) |
24 August 1917[8][9] | 4 June 1917 – present[8][9] | ||
Orders – Third Class | |||||
Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) |
CB(Mil) | 2 January 1815[5][6] | 1815 – present[5][6] | ||
Commander of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division) |
CBE(Mil) | 24 August 1917[8][9] | 4 June 1917 – present[8][9] | ||
Level 2A Decoration (Order) | |||||
Companion of the Distinguished Service Order | DSO | 9 November 1886[10] | 1885 – present[11] | From Oct 1993 awarded for leadership only. Replaced for gallantry in Oct 1993 by the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross.[10] | |
Orders – Fourth Class | |||||
Officer of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division) |
OBE(Mil) | 24 August 1917[8][9] | 4 June 1917 – present[8][9] | ||
Orders – Fifth Class | |||||
Member of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division) |
MBE(Mil) | 24 August 1917[8][9] | 4 June 1917 – present[8][9] | ||
Level 2A Indian Order (Decoration) | |||||
Indian Order of Merit (1st Class) (Military Division) |
IOM(Mil) | 1837–1911 | Replaced by the VC in 1911. | ||
Indian Order of Merit (2nd Class) (Military Division) |
IOM(Mil) | 1837–1947 | |||
Indian Order of Merit (3rd Class) (Military Division) |
IOM(Mil) | 1837–1947 | |||
Level 2A Decorations | |||||
Conspicuous Gallantry Cross | CGC | October 1993 | 1993 – present | ||
Royal Red Cross (Class I) | RRC | 27 April 1883 | 1883 – present | ||
Level 3A Decorations | |||||
Distinguished Service Cross | DSC | June 1901 | 1901 – present | Awarded only to officers until 1993. | |
Military Cross | MC | Dec 1914[12] | 1914 – present | ||
Distinguished Flying Cross | DFC | June 1918 | 1918 – present | ||
Air Force Cross | AFC | 3 June 1918[13] | 1918 – present | ||
Royal Red Cross (Class II) | ARRC | 27 April 1883 | 1917 – present | ||
Order of British India (First Class) | OBI | 1837–1947 | |||
Order of British India (Second Class) | OBI | 1837–1947 | |||
Level 2B Medals | |||||
Distinguished Conduct Medal | DCM | 1854 | 1854–1993 | Replaced in Oct 1993 by the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross. | |
Conspicuous Gallantry Medal | CGM | 1874–1993 | |||
Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (Flying) | CGM | 1874 | 1874–1993 | ||
George Medal | GM | September 1940 | 1940 – present | ||
Royal West African Frontier Force Distinguished Conduct Medal | 1907 | 1907–1942 | |||
King's African Rifles Distinguished Conduct Medal | 1907 | 1907–1942 | |||
Level 3B Medals | |||||
Indian Distinguished Service Medal | IDSM | June 1907 | 1907–1947 | ||
Distinguished Service Medal | DSM | October 1914 | 1914–1993 | Equivalent awards for ORs to similarly named crosses for officers. | |
Military Medal | MM | 25 March 1916 | 1916–1993 | ||
Distinguished Flying Medal | DFM | June 1918 | 1918–1993 | ||
Air Force Medal | AFM | 3 June 1918 | 1918–1993 | ||
Sea Gallantry Medal | SGM | 10 August 1854 | 1854 – present | ||
Burma Gallantry Medal | BGM | 10 May 1940[14] | 1940–1948 | ||
King's Gallantry Medal | KGM | 20 June 1974 | 1974 – present | ||
British Empire Medal (Military Division) |
BEM(Mil) | 24 August 1917[8][9] | 4 June 1917[8] – 1993[9] 2012–present |
||
King's Volunteer Reserves Medal | KVRM | 1999 | 1999 – present | ||
Level 4 Commendations | |||||
Mentioned in Dispatches | Nil | 1919 | 1914 – present | Insignia attached to appropriate campaign medal; if no campaign medal awarded, insignia attached after any medal ribbons | |
King's/Queen's Commendation for Brave Conduct | Nil | 1943 | 1939–1994 | ||
King's/Queen's Commendation for Valuable Service in the Air | Nil | 1942 | 1939–1994 | ||
King's Commendation for Bravery | Nil | 1994 | 1994 – present | ||
King's Commendation for Bravery in the Air | Nil | 1994 | 1994 – present | ||
King's Commendation for Valuable Service | Nil | 1994 | 1993 – present |
Note Eligibility period start dates reflect respective establishment dates, except where available evidence indicates otherwise.
Military campaign medals
Emblem | Description | Established | Eligibility Period | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
18th Century Campaign Medals | ||||
Yellow Cord | Monghyr Mutiny Medal | 1766 | 1766[15] | HEIC Issue. Awarded to Native officers who helped quell a mutiny among European troops. |
Yellow Cord | Deccan Medal | 1784 | 1778–1784 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold to Subadars, silver gilt to Jemadars and other native officers, and silver to 'native' non-commissioned officers and soldiers.[15] |
Yellow Cord | Mysore Medal | 1 April 1793 | 1790–1792 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold to Subadars, silver gilt to Jemadars and Serrangs, and silver to 'native' non-commissioned officers and soldiers.[15] |
19th Century Campaign Medals | ||||
Seringapatam Medal | 1801 | March 1799 – 8 May 1799 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold, silver gilt, silver, bronze and tin dependent upon rank and position to both British and native soldiers. Authorised for British Army wear on 29 August 1815. Several other ribbons were worn unofficially.[15] | |
Yellow Cord | Medal for Egypt | 31 July 1802 | 8 March – 31 August 1801 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold to senior officers, and silver to all others eligible.[15] |
Army Gold Medal | 1806 | 1808–1814 | Issued to senior officers with battle/action clasps where appropriate.[16] | |
Yellow Cord | Capture of Ceylon Medal | 15 May 1807 | 1795–1796 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold to 'native' officers, and silver to 'native' non-commissioned officers and soldiers.[15] |
Army Gold Cross | 1810 | 1808–1814 | Issued to senior officers with battle/action clasps where appropriate. | |
Yellow Cord | Medal for capture of Rodrigues, Isle of Bourbon and Isle of France | 1811 | 1809-1810 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold to native officers, and silver to native non-commissioned officers and soldiers. |
Yellow Cord | Java Medal | 1812 | 1811 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold to more senior native officers, and silver to native non-commissioned officers and soldiers. |
Waterloo Medal | 1816 | 16 – 18 June 1815 | ||
Nepal Medal | 1816 | 1814-1816 | HEIC Issue. Awarded to native officers and to selected native non-commissioned officers and soldiers. | |
Ceylon Medal | 1819 | 1818 | HEIC Issue. Awarded to selected native and European non-commissioned officers and soldiers. | |
Burma Medal | 1826 | 1824–1826 | HEIC Issue. Awarded in gold to native officers and silver to native non-commissioned officers and soldiers.[17] | |
Yellow Cord | Coorg Medal | 1837 | 1837 | HEIC Issue. Awarded to selected members of local forces. |
Ghuznee Medal | 1839 | 21 – 23 July 1839 | HEIC Issue. | |
Candahar, Ghuznee, Cabul Medal | 1842 | 1839–1842 | HEIC Issue. | |
Jellalabad Medals | 1842 | November 1841 – 16 April 1842 | HEIC Issue. | |