Irish House of Commons
Type
Type	Lower house
History
Established	1297
Disbanded	1 January 1801
Succeeded by	House of Commons of the United Kingdom
Leadership
Speaker of the House	John Foster (1785–1800)
Seats	300[a]
Elections
Voting system	First past the post with limited suffrage
Meeting place
The House of Commons in session (by Francis Wheatley, 1780)
Footnotes
^ In 1800.

The Irish House of Commons was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration, under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker.

From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.

Franchise

The limited franchise was exclusively male. From 1728 until 1793, Catholics were disfranchised, as well as being ineligible to sit in the Commons. Most of the population of all religions had no vote. In counties, forty-shilling freeholders were enfranchised while in most boroughs it was either only the members of self-electing corporations or a highly restricted body of freemen that were eligible to vote for the borough's representatives. The vast majority of parliamentary boroughs were pocket boroughs, the private property of an aristocratic patron.

Abolition

The House of Commons was abolished under the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the Kingdom of Ireland into the Kingdom of Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland with effect from 1 January 1801. The Irish House of Commons sat for the last time in Parliament House, Dublin on 2 August 1800. One hundred of its members were designated or co-opted to sit with the House of Commons of Great Britain, forming the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The patron of pocket boroughs that were disfranchised under the Act of Union was awarded £15,000 compensation for each.^[1]

Speaker of the Commons

The Speaker of the Irish House of Commons was the presiding officer of the House and its most senior official. The position was one of considerable power and prestige, and in the absence of a government chosen from and answerable to the Commons, he was the dominant political figure in the Parliament. The last Speaker was John Foster.

Constituencies

The number of boroughs invited to return members had originally been small (only 55 Boroughs existed in 1603) but was doubled by the Stuart monarchs. By the time of the Union, there were 150 constituencies, each electing two members:^[2]

• 32 county constituencies;
• 8 county borough constituencies;
• 109 borough constituencies;
• Dublin University.

Following the Act of Union, from 1801, there were 100 MPs from Ireland in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The constituencies were adapted from those in the Irish House of Commons as follows:

• 32 county constituencies, with two MPs each;
• 2 county borough constituencies, Cork City and Dublin City, both with two MPs;
• 31 county borough and borough constituencies, with one MP each;
• Dublin University, with one MP.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Irish_House_of_Commons
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Constituency	Type	County	Creation[a]	Franchise	Fate after the union
County Antrim	County	Antrim	1570[3]	Freeholders	Two seats
Antrim	Borough	Antrim	1666	Potwalloper	Disfranchised
Ardee	Borough	Louth	1378	Corporation	Disfranchised
Ardfert	Borough	Kerry	1639?	Corporation	Disfranchised
Ards	County	Down	By 1560[4]		Previously disfranchised[b]
County Armagh	County	Armagh	1585 (September)[5]	Freeholders	Two seats
Armagh	Borough	Armagh	1613 (26 March) [6]	Ecclesiastical corporation - Bishop's borough	One seat
Askeaton	Borough	Limerick	1613 (30 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Athboy	Borough	Meath	By 1560[4][c]	Manor	Disfranchised
Athenry	Borough	Galway	1310?[d]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Athlone	Borough	Westmeath	1606 (10 December)[6]	Corporation	One seat
Athy	Borough	Kildare	By 1560[4]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Augher	Borough	Tyrone	1613 (15 April)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Ballynakill	Borough	Queen's County	1612 (10 December)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Ballyshannon	Borough	Donegal	1613 (23 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Baltimore	Borough	Cork	1613 (25 March)[6]	Potwalloper	Disfranchised
Baltinglass	Borough	Wicklow	1664	Corporation	Disfranchised
Banagher	Borough	King's County	1629	Corporation	Disfranchised
Bandonbridge	Borough	Cork	1613 (30 March)[6]	Corporation	One seat
Bangor	Borough	Down	1613 (18 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Bannow	Borough	Wexford	Between 1614 and 1634[e]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Belfast	Borough	Antrim	1613 (27 April)[6]	Corporation	One seat
Belturbet	Borough	Cavan	1613 (30 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Blessington	Borough	Wicklow	1670	Corporation	Disfranchised
Boyle	Borough	Roscommon	1613 (25 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Callan	Borough	Kilkenny	By 1585[f]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Carlingford	Borough	Louth	13?[g]	Corporation	Disfranchised
County Carlow	County	Carlow	1297[12][h]	Freeholders	Two seats
Carlow	Borough	Carlow	1613 (19 April)[6]	Corporation	One seat
Carrick	Borough	Leitrim	1613 (30 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Carrickfergus	County borough	Antrim[i]	1326	Freeholder and householder	One seat
Carysfort	Borough	Wicklow	1629	Corporation	Disfranchised
Cashel	Borough	Tipperary	By 1585[4][j]	Corporation	One seat
Castlebar	Borough	Mayo	1613 (26 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Castlemartyr	Borough	Cork	1676	Corporation	Disfranchised
County Cavan	County	Cavan	1579[14] or 1584[15]	Freeholders	Two seats
Cavan	Borough	Cavan	1610 (15 November)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Charlemont	Borough	Armagh	1613 (29 April)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Charleville	Borough	Cork	1673	Corporation	Disfranchised
County Clare	County	Clare	By 1560	Freeholders	Two seats
Clogher	Borough	Tyrone	By 1613[k]	Ecclesiastical corporation - Bishop's borough	Disfranchised
Clonakilty	Borough	Cork	1613 (5 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Clonmel	Borough	Tipperary	By 1560[4]	Corporation	One seat
Clonmines	Borough	Wexford	Between 1614 and 1634[l]	Corporation	Disfranchised
County Coleraine	County	Londonderry	1585 (September)[5]	Freeholders	Previously disfranchised
Coleraine	Borough	Londonderry	1613 (25 March)[6]	Corporation	One seat
Connacht	County	Multiple[m]	1297[12]		Previously disfranchised[m]
County Cork	County	Cork	1297[12]	Freeholders	Two seats
Cork City	County borough	Cork[i]	1299	Freeholder and Freemen	Two seats
Dingle	Borough	Kerry	By 1585[4][n]	Corporation	Disfranchised
County Donegal	County	Donegal	1585 (September)[5]	Freeholders	Two seats
Donegal Borough	Borough	Donegal	1613 (27 February)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Doneraile	Borough	Cork	1640	Manor	Disfranchised
County Down	County	Down	1570[3]	Freeholders	Two seats
Downpatrick	Borough	Down	By 1585[4][o]	Potwalloper	One seat
Drogheda	County borough	Louth[i]	1299	Freeholders and freemen	One seat
County Dublin	County	Dublin	1297[12]	Freeholders	Two seats
Dublin City	County borough	Dublin[i]	1299	Freeholders and freemen	Two seats
Dublin University	University	Dublin[p]	1613[q]	Graduates	One seat
Duleek	Borough	Meath	Between 1614 and 1661[r]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Dundalk	Borough	Louth	By 1560[4]	Corporation	One seat
Dungannon	Borough	Tyrone	1612 (27 November)[6]	Corporation	One seat
Dungarvan	Borough	Waterford	By 1560[4]	Potwalloper	One seat
Dunleer	Borough	Louth	1679	Corporation	Disfranchised
Ennis	Borough	Clare	1613 (27 February)[6]	Corporation	One seat
Enniscorthy	Borough	Wexford	1613 (25 May)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Enniskillen	Borough	Fermanagh	1613 (27 February)[6]	Corporation	One seat
County Fermanagh	County	Fermanagh	1585 (September)[5]	Freeholders	Two seats
Ferns	County	Wexford	By 1579[19]	Freeholders	Previously disfranchised[s]
Fethard	Borough	Tipperary	1613 (15 April)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Fethard	Borough	Wexford	1613 (15 April)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Fore	Borough	Westmeath	Between 1614 and 1634[t]	Corporation	Disfranchised
County Galway	County	Galway	By 1579 [21]	Freeholders	Two seats
Galway Borough	County borough	Galway[i]	By 1560[4]	Freemen	One seat
Gorey (also Newburgh)	Borough	Wexford	1620	Corporation	Disfranchised
Gowran	Borough	Kilkenny	1608 (15 September)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Granard	Borough	Longford	1679	Manor	Disfranchised
Harristown	Borough	Kildare	1684	Corporation	Disfranchised
Hillsborough	Borough	Down	1662	Corporation	Disfranchised
Inistioge	Borough	Kilkenny	By 1585[4]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Jamestown	Borough	Leitrim	1622	Corporation	Disfranchised
Kells	Borough	Meath	By 1560[4]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Kerry	County	Kerry	1297[12]	Freeholders	Two seats
Kilbeggan	Borough	Westmeath	1613 (27 February)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
County Kildare	County	Kildare	1297[12]	Freeholders	Two seats
Kildare	Borough	Kildare	By 1560[4]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Kilkenny City	County borough	Kilkenny[i]	1299?	Freeholders and Freemen	One seat
County Kilkenny	County	Kilkenny	1297[12][h]	Freeholders	Two seats
Killybegs	Borough	Donegal	1616	Corporation	Disfranchised
Killyleagh	Borough	Down	1613 (10 March)[6]	Corporation	Disfranchised
Kilmallock	Borough	Limerick	By 1560[4]	Corporation	Disfranchised
King's County	County	King's County	1556[22][23]	Freeholders	Two seats