Puzur-Ashur I

Puzur-Ashur I
Puzur-Ashur I
Išši’ak Aššur
Reign	c. 2025 BC – unknown
Predecessor	Akiya (?)
Successor	Shalim-ahum
Born	21st century BCE; Assyria (Modern-day Iraq)
Died	1970 BCE; Assyria (Modern-day Iraq)
Burial	Assur
Occupation	sovereign

Puzur-Ashur I (Akkadian: 𒁍𒀫𒀸𒋩, romanized: Pu-AMAR-Aš-ŠUR) was an Assyrian king in the 21st and 20th centuries BC. He is generally regarded as the founder of Assyria as an independent city-state, c. 2025 BC.^[1]

He is in the Assyrian King List and is referenced in the inscriptions of later kings (his son and successor Shalim-ahum and the later Ashur-rim-nisheshu and Shalmaneser III.)^[2]^{: 6, 8, 12, 15} These later kings mentioned him among the kings who had renewed the city walls of Assur begun by Kikkia.^[3]

Puzur-Ashur I may have started a native Assyrian dynasty that endured for eight generations until Erishum II was overthrown by the Amorite Shamshi-Adad I.^{[citation needed]} Hildegard Lewy, writing in the Cambridge Ancient History, rejects this interpretation and sees Puzur-Aššur I as part of a longer dynasty started by one of his predecessors, Sulili.^[3] Inscriptions link Puzur-Aššur I to his immediate successors,^[2]^: 7–8^[4] who, according to the Assyrian King List, are related to the following kings down to Erišum II.^[2]^: 14

Puzur-Ashur I's successors bore the title Išši’ak Aššur, vice regent of Assur, as well as ensí.^[5]

References

^ Aubet, Maria Eugenia (2013). Commerce and Colonization in the Ancient Near East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 276. ISBN 978-0521514170.
^ ^a ^b ^c Albert Kirk Grayson (1972). Assyrian Royal Inscriptions, Volume 1. Otto Harrassowitz.
^ ^a ^b Hildegard Lewy, "Assyria c. 2600-1816 B.C.", Cambridge Ancient History. Volume 1, Part 2: Early History of the Middle East, 729-770, p. 746-747.
^ Albert Kirk Grayson (2002). Assyrian Rulers. Volume 1: 1114 – 859 BC. p. 14.
^ Barbara Cifola (1995). Analysis of variants in the Assyrian royal titulary from the origins to Tiglath-Pileser III. Istituto universitario orientale. p. 8.

Preceded by Akiya (?)	*Išši’ak Aššur* 2025–? BC	Succeeded by Shalim-ahum

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[1] Aubet, Maria Eugenia (2013). Commerce and Colonization in the Ancient Near East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 276. ISBN 978-0521514170.

[grayson-2] Albert Kirk Grayson (1972). Assyrian Royal Inscriptions, Volume 1. Otto Harrassowitz.

[CAH-3] Hildegard Lewy, "Assyria c. 2600-1816 B.C.", Cambridge Ancient History. Volume 1, Part 2: Early History of the Middle East, 729-770, p. 746-747.

[4] Albert Kirk Grayson (2002). Assyrian Rulers. Volume 1: 1114 – 859 BC. p. 14.

[5] Barbara Cifola (1995). Analysis of variants in the Assyrian royal titulary from the origins to Tiglath-Pileser III. Istituto universitario orientale. p. 8.

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v t e Kings of Assyria
List of Assyrian kings Royal titles Legendary kings and early governors Later kingship
Old Assyrian period (c. 2025–1364 BC)	Puzur-Ashur I Shalim-ahum Ilu-shuma Erishum I Ikunum Sargon I Puzur-Ashur II Naram-Sin Erishum II Shamshi-Adad I Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur (?) Rimush (?) Asinum (?) Puzur-Sin Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi (?) Nasir-Sin (?) Sin-namir (?) Ipqi-Ishtar (?) Adad-salulu (?) Adasi (?) Bel-bani Libaya Sharma-Adad I Iptar-Sin Bazaya Lullaya Shu-Ninua Sharma-Adad II Erishum III Shamshi-Adad II Ishme-Dagan II Shamshi-Adad III Ashur-nirari I Puzur-Ashur III Enlil-nasir I Nur-ili Ashur-shaduni Ashur-rabi I Ashur-nadin-ahhe I Enlil-Nasir II Ashur-nirari II Ashur-bel-nisheshu Ashur-rim-nisheshu Ashur-nadin-ahhe II Eriba-Adad I
Middle Assyrian Empire (c. 1363–912 BC)	Ashur-uballit I Enlil-nirari Arik-den-ili Adad-nirari I Shalmaneser I Tukulti-Ninurta I Ashur-nadin-apli Ashur-nirari III Enlil-kudurri-usur Ninurta-apal-Ekur Ashur-dan I Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur Mutakkil-Nusku Ashur-resh-ishi I Tiglath-Pileser I Asharid-apal-Ekur Ashur-bel-kala Eriba-Adad II Shamshi-Adad IV Ashurnasirpal I Shalmaneser II Ashur-nirari IV Ashur-rabi II Ashur-resh-ishi II Tiglath-Pileser II Ashur-dan II
Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–609 BC)	Adad-nirari II Tukulti-Ninurta II Ashurnasirpal II Shalmaneser III Shamshi-Adad V Adad-nirari III Shalmaneser IV Ashur-dan III Ashur-nirari V Tiglath-Pileser III Shalmaneser V Sargon II Sennacherib Esarhaddon Ashurbanipal Ashur-etil-ilani Sin-shumu-lishir Sinsharishkun Ashur-uballit II

Puzur-Ashur I
Išši’ak Aššur
Reign	c. 2025 BC – unknown
Predecessor	Akiya (?)
Successor	Shalim-ahum
Born	21st century BCE Assyria (Modern-day Iraq)
Died	1970 BCE Assyria (Modern-day Iraq)
Burial	Assur
Occupation	sovereign

See also

References