Phenuiviridae
Rift Valley fever virus replication cycle
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Kingdom:	Orthornavirae
Phylum:	Negarnaviricota
Class:	Ellioviricetes
Order:	Bunyavirales
Family:	Phenuiviridae

Phenuiviridae is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Bunyavirales.^[1] Ruminants, camels, humans, and mosquitoes serve as natural hosts. Member genus Phlebovirus is the only genus of the family that has viruses that cause disease in humans (e.g. Rift Valley fever virus)^[2] except Dabie bandavirus.^[3]

Virology

Structure

Members of Phenuiviridae are enveloped viruses with helical capsid morphology. Envelope glycoproteins of these viruses are distributed with icosahedral symmetry (T=12).^[2]

Genome

Phenuiviridae is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus family.^[4] Its genome is segmented into three pieces: L segment (encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), M segment, and S segment.^[1]

Some members of the family have ambisense gene encoding on the S segment (nucleocapsid proteins). The M segment includes envelope glycoproteins encoded in a polyprotein that is cleaved by host proteases.^[5] Multiple different proteins can be encoded on the M segment due to leaky scanning by the ribosome.^[2]

Life cycle

RNA transcripts are capped through cap snatching, but not polyadenylated.^[5] Translation is terminated by a hairpin sequence at the end of each RNA transcript.^[2]

Taxonomy

The following genera are recognized:^[6]

References

This virus-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e