Orange County
County
Left to right from top down: Downtown Orlando skyline as seen from Lake Eola; Cinderella Castle at the center of the Magic Kingdom in Walt Disney World; Orange County Courthouse in Downtown Orlando; The entrance gate to Universal Studios Florida at Universal Orlando; Boardwalk behind the student union on the campus of the University of Central Florida; Terminal C at Orlando International Airport; Shoppes on Park Avenue in Downtown Winter Park
Flag Seal
Orange County Location within the United States
Coordinates: 28°31′N 81°19′W / 28.51°N 81.32°W / 28.51; -81.32[1]
Country	United States
Founded	December 29, 1824 (renamed January 30, 1845)[2]
County seat	Orlando
Largest city	Orlando
Area
• Total	1,003 sq mi (2,600 km2)
• Land	903 sq mi (2,340 km2)
• Water	100 sq mi (300 km2)
Population  (2020)[3]
• Total	1,429,908
• Estimate  (2022)[4]	1,452,726
• Rank	28th in the United States 5th in Florida
• Density	1,608.78/sq mi (621.09/km2)
Gross Domestic Product [5]
• Total	US$115.013 billion (2022)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern Time Zone)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (Eastern Daylight Time)
Website	www.orangecountyfl.net

Orange County is a county located in Florida, and as of the 2020 census, its population was 1,429,908 making it Florida's fifth-most populous county.^[3] Its county seat is Orlando,^[6] the core of the Orlando metropolitan area, which had a population of 2.67 million in 2020.

The county is a tourist, economic, and cultural hub for the Central Florida region. Popular destinations within the county include, Walt Disney World Resort, Universal Florida, SeaWorld Orlando, Icon Park, Kia Center, Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts, Orlando Museum of Art, and many other attractions. It is the home to the University of Central Florida (UCF), which as of Fall 2023 had a student population of 69,320, making it the fourth-largest on-campus student body of any public university in the United States.^[7] The county is home to other notable colleges, including Rollins College and Valencia College. Despite rapid development countywide, swaths of nature still do exist. There are many lakes within the county, most notable of such being Lake Apopka. Wekiwa Springs is a 7,000-acre (28 km²) state park, that features natural springs, trails, and campsites.

History

The land that is Orange County was part of the first land to come up from below the Early Oligocene sea 33.9–28.4 million years ago and is known as Orange Island. Orange County's Rock Spring location is a Pleistocene fossil-bearing area and has yielded a vast variety of birds and mammals including giant sloth, mammoth, camel, and the dire wolf dating around 1.1 million years ago.^[8]

19th century to mid-20th century

Immediately following the transfer of Florida to the United States in 1821, Governor Andrew Jackson created two counties: Escambia to the west of the Suwannee River and St. Johns to the east.^[9] In 1824, the area to the south of St. Johns County was organized as Mosquito County, and Enterprise was named its county seat. This large county took up much of central Florida. It was renamed as Orange County in 1845 when Florida became a state.^[10] After the population increased in the region, the legislature organized several counties, such as Osceola (1887), Seminole (1913), Lake (1887), and Volusia (1854), from its territory.

During the post-Reconstruction period, white people committed a high rate of racial violence against black people in Orange County; racial terrorism was used to re-establish and maintain white supremacy. Whites lynched 33 African Americans here from 1877 to 1950; most were killed in the decades around the turn of the 20th century. This was the highest total of any county in the state, and sixth highest of any county in the country.^[11] Florida had the highest per-capita rate of lynchings of any state in the South, where the great majority of these extrajudicial murders took place.^[12]

Among the terrorist lynchings was the death of Julius "July" Perry of Ocoee, whose body was found November 3, 1920, hanged from a lightpole in Orlando, near the house of a judge known to be sympathetic to black voting.^[11] But this was part of a much larger story of KKK and other white attempts to suppress black voting in Ocoee and the state. African Americans had organized for a year to increase voter turnout for the 1920 presidential election, with organizations helping prepare residents for voter registration, paying for poll taxes, and similar actions. On Election Day in Ocoee, blacks were turned away from the polls. Perry, a prosperous farmer, was suspected of sheltering Mose Norman, an African-American man who had tried to vote.^[13] After Norman was twice turned away, white violence broke out, resulting in a riot through the black community, leaving an estimated 50 to 60 African-Americans dead and all the properties destroyed. Many blacks fled from Ocoee to save their lives, and the town became all-white.^[13][11] Voting efforts were suppressed for decades.

Later 20th century to present

Orange County was named for the fruit that constituted the county's main commodity crop. At its peak in the early 1970s, some 80,000 acres (320 km²) were planted in citrus in Orange County.^{[citation needed]} The dark-green foliage of orange trees filled the county, as did the scent of the orange blossoms when in bloom. Fewer commercial orange groves remained by the end of the twentieth century. The majority of groves were destroyed by the freezing temperatures that occurred in December 1983, January 1985, and December 1989, the worst since 1899.^[14]

The financial setbacks, not the first in the grove region's history, were too challenging for many growers. Economically destroyed, many walked away from the land. Others awaited other opportunities. One of the region's major land owners and growers was the Tropicana company. They withdrew rather than try to come back from these seemingly endless generational decimation. With no realistic avenues for agricultural use of this rural land, and Florida's continuing strong population growth and its attendant needs (aided and supported by the success of nearby Walt Disney World and Universal Studios Florida), these areas began to be developed for housing. However, several packing facilities and wholesalers still remain in Orange County.^{[citation needed]}

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,003 square miles (2,600 km²), of which 903 square miles (2,340 km²) is land and 100 square miles (260 km²) (10.0%) is water.^[15]

Adjacent counties

• Seminole County - north
• Volusia County - northeast
• Brevard County - east
• Osceola County - south
• Polk County - southwest
• Lake County - west

Transportation

Airports

• Orlando Apopka Airport, a privately owned uncontrolled, public-use airport in the City of Apopka which serves small private aircraft, there is no commercial service.
• Orlando Executive Airport, a public airport owned by GOAA which serves private jets and small aircraft. It is a reliever airport for Orlando International Airport.
• Orlando International Airport, the busiest airport in Florida by passenger traffic, is a public international airport owned by GOAA serving both commercial and private aircraft.

Major highways

Public transportation

• Amtrak a nationwide rail service with two stations in Orange County, Orlando and Winter Park
• Brightline, a high-speed rail line which operates service from Orlando International Airport to West Palm Beach, Fort Lauderdale and Miami which started on September 22, 2023
• Greyhound a U.S. Intercity common carrier bus company providing nationwide service from Orlando.
• Lynx a public bus authority providing service in Orange County and five additional Central Florida counties including Lake, Osceola, Polk, Seminole and Volusia.
• SunRail a commuter rail service with eight stations serving Orange County and eight additional stations in three adjacent counties (Osceola, Volusia and Seminole).

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1830	733		—
1840	73		−90.0%
1850	466		538.4%
1860	987		111.8%
1870	2,195		122.4%
1880	6,618		201.5%
1890	12,584		90.1%
1900	11,374		−9.6%
1910	19,107		68.0%
1920	19,890		4.1%
1930	49,737		150.1%
1940	70,074		40.9%
1950	114,950		64.0%
1960	263,540		129.3%
1970	344,311		30.6%
1980	471,016		36.8%
1990	677,491		43.8%
2000	896,344		32.3%
2010	1,145,956		27.8%
2020	1,429,908		24.8%
2023 (est.)	1,471,416	[16]	2.9%
U.S. Decennial Census 1830–1970[17] 1980[18] 1990[19] 2000[20] 2010[21] 2020[3] 2022[4]

Historical racial composition	2020[3]	2010[21]	2000[20]	1990[19]	1980[18]
White (non-Hispanic)	37.2%	46.0%	57.5%	73.3%	80.0%
Hispanic or Latino	33.1%	26.9%	18.8%	9.6%	4.2%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	18.4%	19.5%	17.5%	14.8%	14.6%
Asian and Pacific Islander (non-Hispanic)	5.5%	4.9%	3.4%	2.0%	1.3%
Native American (non-Hispanic)	0.2%	0.2%	0.2%	0.3%
Other Race (non-Hispanic)	1.1%	0.5%	0.3%	0.1%
Two or more races (non-Hispanic)	4.6%	2.0%	2.2%	N/A	N/A
Population	1,429,908	1,145,956	896,344	677,491	471,016

Demographic characteristics	2020[22][23][24]	2010[25][26][27]	2000[28][29][30]	1990[19]	1980[18][31]
Households	561,851	487,839	361,349	254,852	170,754
Persons per household	2.54	2.35	2.48	2.66	2.76
Sex Ratio	95.0	97.0	98.0	98.4	94.6
Ages 0–17	22.0%	23.6%	25.3%	23.8%	26.6%
Ages 18–64	65.6%	66.7%	64.7%	65.6%	62.8%
Ages 65 +	12.4%	9.7%	10.0%	10.6%	10.6%
Median age	35.6	33.7	33.3	31.4	29.5
Population	1,429,908	1,145,956	896,344	677,491	471,016

Economic indicators
2017–21 American Community Survey	Orange County	Florida
Median income[32]	$33,160	$34,367
Median household income[33]	$65,784	$61,777
Poverty Rate[34]	13.9%	13.1%
High school diploma[35]	89.5%	89.0%
Bachelor's degree[35]	35.7%	31.5%
Advanced degree[35]	12.7%	11.7%

Language spoken at home[a]	2015[b]	2010[c]	2000[38]	1990[39]	1980[40]
English	64.7%	66.6%	74.6%	86.4%	92.9%
Spanish or Spanish Creole	24.7%	23.2%	17.3%	9.0%	3.9%
French or Haitian Creole	3.6%	3.2%	2.6%	1.1%	0.6%
Vietnamese	1.2%	1.0%	0.9%	0.7%	0.3%
Other Languages	7.0%	7.0%	5.5%	3.5%	2.6%

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Orange_County,_Florida
Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.

---



---

www.astronomia.sk | www.biologia.sk | www.botanika.sk | www.dejiny.sk | www.economy.sk | www.elektrotechnika.sk | www.estetika.sk | www.farmakologia.sk | www.filozofia.sk | Fyzika | www.futurologia.sk | www.genetika.sk | www.chemia.sk | www.lingvistika.sk | www.politologia.sk | www.psychologia.sk | www.sexuologia.sk | www.sociologia.sk | www.veda.sk I www.zoologia.sk

---

Nativity	2015[d]	2010[e]	2000[45][46]	1990[39]	1980[40]
% population native-born	79.3%	80.9%	85.6%	92.5%	95.0%
... born in the United States	70.2%	73.0%	78.7%