This is a list of operators in the C and C++ programming languages. All the operators (except typeof) listed exist in C++; the column "Included in C", states whether an operator is also present in C. Note that C does not support operator overloading.

When not overloaded, for the operators &&, ||, and , (the comma operator), there is a sequence point after the evaluation of the first operand.

C++ also contains the type conversion operators const_cast, static_cast, dynamic_cast, and reinterpret_cast. The formatting of these operators means that their precedence level is unimportant.

Most of the operators available in C and C++ are also available in other C-family languages such as C#, D, Java, Perl, and PHP with the same precedence, associativity, and semantics.

Table

For the purposes of these tables, a, b, and c represent valid values (literals, values from variables, or return value), object names, or lvalues, as appropriate. R, S and T stand for any type(s), and K for a class type or enumerated type. Some of the operators have alternative spellings using digraphs and trigraphs or operator synonyms.

Arithmetic operators

All arithmetic operators exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++.

Operator name		Syntax	C++ prototype examples
			As member of K	Outside class definitions
Addition		a + b	R K::operator +(S b);	R operator +(K a, S b);
Subtraction		a - b	R K::operator -(S b);	R operator -(K a, S b);
Unary plus (integer promotion)		+a	R K::operator +();	R operator +(K a);
Unary minus (additive inverse)		-a	R K::operator -();	R operator -(K a);
Multiplication		a * b	R K::operator *(S b);	R operator *(K a, S b);
Division		a / b	R K::operator /(S b);	R operator /(K a, S b);
Modulo (integer remainder)[a]		a % b	R K::operator %(S b);	R operator %(K a, S b);
Increment	Prefix	++a	R& K::operator ++();	R& operator ++(K& a);
	Postfix	a++	R K::operator ++(int);	R operator ++(K& a, int);
			Note: C++ uses the unnamed dummy-parameter int to differentiate between prefix and postfix increment operators.
Decrement	Prefix	--a	R& K::operator --();	R& operator --(K& a);
	Postfix	a--	R K::operator --(int);	R operator --(K& a, int);
			Note: C++ uses the unnamed dummy-parameter int to differentiate between prefix and postfix decrement operators.

Comparison operators/relational operators

All comparison operators can be overloaded in C++. Since C++20, the inequality operator is automatically generated if operator== is defined and all four relational operators are automatically generated if operator<=> is defined.^[1]

Operator name		Syntax	Included in C	Prototype examples
				As member of K	Outside class definitions
Equal to		a == b	Yes	bool K::operator ==(S const& b) const;	bool operator ==(K const& a, S const& b);
Not equal to		a != b	Yes	bool K::operator !=(S const& b) const;	bool operator !=(K const& a, S const& b);
Greater than		a > b	Yes	bool K::operator >(S const& b) const;	bool operator >(K const& a, S const& b);
Less than		a < b	Yes	bool K::operator <(S const& b) const;	bool operator <(K const& a, S const& b);
Greater than or equal to		a >= b	Yes	bool K::operator >=(S const& b) const;	bool operator >=(K const& a, S const& b);
Less than or equal to		a <= b	Yes	bool K::operator <=(S const& b) const;	bool operator <=(K const& a, S const& b);
Three-way comparison[b]		a <=> b	No	auto K::operator <=>(const S &b);	auto operator <=>(const K &a, const S &b);
				The operator has a total of 3 possible return types: std::weak_ordering, std::strong_ordering and std::partial_ordering to which they all are convertible to.

Logical operators

All logical operators exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++, albeit the overloading of the logical AND and logical OR is discouraged, because as overloaded operators they behave as ordinary function calls, which means that both of their operands are evaluated, so they lose their well-used and expected short-circuit evaluation property.^[2]

Operator name		Syntax	C++ prototype examples
			As member of K	Outside class definitions
Logical negation (NOT)		!a	bool K::operator !();	bool operator !(K a);
Logical AND		a && b	bool K::operator &&(S b);	bool operator &&(K a, S b);
Logical OR		a || b	bool K::operator ||(S b);	bool operator ||(K a, S b);

Bitwise operators

All bitwise operators exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++.

Operator name		Syntax	Prototype examples
			As member of K	Outside class definitions
Bitwise NOT		~a	R K::operator ~();	R operator ~(K a);
Bitwise AND		a & b	R K::operator &(S b);	R operator &(K a, S b);
Bitwise OR		a | b	R K::operator |(S b);	R operator |(K a, S b);
Bitwise XOR		a ^ b	R K::operator ^(S b);	R operator ^(K a, S b);
Bitwise left shift[c]		a << b	R K::operator <<(S b);	R operator <<(K a, S b);
Bitwise right shift[c][d]		a >> b	R K::operator >>(S b);	R operator >>(K a, S b);

Assignment operators

All assignment expressions exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++.

For the given operators the semantic of the built-in combined assignment expression a ⊚= b is equivalent to a = a ⊚ b, except that a is evaluated only once.

Operator name	Syntax	C++ prototype examples
		As member of K	Outside class definitions
Direct assignment	a = b	R& K::operator =(S b);	—
Addition assignment	a += b	R& K::operator +=(S b);	R& operator +=(K& a, S b);
Subtraction assignment	a -= b	R& K::operator -=(S b);	R& operator -=(K& a, S b);
Multiplication assignment	a *= b	R& K::operator *=(S b);	R& operator *=(K& a, S b);
Division assignment	a /= b	R& K::operator /=(S b);	R& operator /=(K& a, S b);
Modulo assignment	a %= b	R& K::operator %=(S b);	R& operator %=(K& a, S b);
Bitwise AND assignment	a &= b	R& K::operator &=(S b);	R& operator &=(K& a, S b);
Bitwise OR assignment	a |= b	R& K::operator |=(S b);	R& operator |=(K& a, S b);
Bitwise XOR assignment	a ^= b	R& K::operator ^=(S b);	R& operator ^=(K& a, S b);
Bitwise left shift assignment	a <<= b	R& K::operator <<=(S b);	R& operator <<=(K& a, S b);
Bitwise right shift assignment[d]	a >>= b	R& K::operator >>=(S b);	R& operator >>=(K& a, S b);

Member and pointer operators

Operator name		Syntax	Can overload in C++	Included in C	C++ prototype examples
					As member of K	Outside class definitions
Subscript		a	Yes	Yes	R& K::operator (S b); R& K::operator (S b, ...); // since C++23	—
Indirection ("object pointed to by a")		*a	Yes	Yes	R& K::operator *();	R& operator *(K a);
Address-of ("address of a")		&a	Yes[e]	Yes	R* K::operator &();	R* operator &(K a);
Structure dereference ("member b of object pointed to by a")		a->b	Yes	Yes	R* K::operator ->();[f]	—
Structure reference ("member b of object a")		a.b	No	Yes	—
Member selected by pointer-to-member b of object pointed to by a[g]		a->*b	Yes	No	R& K::operator ->*(S b);	R& operator ->*(K a, S b);
Member of object a selected by pointer-to-member b		a.*b	No	No	—

Other operators

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Operators_in_C_and_C++
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Operator name		Syntax	Can overload in C++	Included in C	Prototype examples
					As member of K	Outside class definitions
Function call See Function object.		a(a1, a2)	Yes	Yes	R K::operator ()(S a, T b, ...);	—
Comma		a, b	Yes	Yes	R K::operator ,(S b);	R operator ,(K a, S b);
Ternary conditional		a ? b : c	No	Yes	—
Scope resolution		a::b	No	No	—
User-defined literals[h] since C++11		"a"_b	Yes	No	—	R operator "" _b(T a)
Sizeof		sizeof a[i] sizeof (R)	No	Yes	—
Size of parameter pack since C++11		sizeof...(Args)	No	No	—
Alignof since C++11		alignof(R) or _Alignof(R)[j]	No	Yes	—
Typeof since C23		typeof (a) typeof (R) typeof_unqual (a) typeof_unqual (R)	—	Only[k]	—
Decltype since C++11		decltype (a) decltype (R)	No	No	—
Type identification		typeid(a) typeid(R)	No	No	—
Conversion (C-style cast)		(R)a	Yes	Yes	K::operator R();[4]	—
Conversion		R(a) R{a}since C++11 auto(a)since C++23 auto{a}since C++23	No	No	Note: behaves like const_cast/static_cast/reinterpret_cast. In the last two cases the auto specifier is replaced with the type of the invented variable x declared with auto x(a); (which is never interpreted as a function declaration) or auto x{a};, respectively. [5]
static_cast conversion		static_cast<R>(a)	Yes	No	K::operator R(); explicit K::operator R(); since C++11	—
					Note: for user-defined conversions, the return type implicitly and necessarily matches the operator name unless the type is inferred (e.g. operator auto(), operator decltype(auto)() etc.).
dynamic cast conversion		dynamic_cast<R>(a)	No	No	—
const_cast conversion		const_cast<R>(a)	No	No	—
reinterpret_cast conversion		reinterpret_cast<R>(a)	No	No	—
Allocate storage		new R[l]	Yes	No	void* K::operator new(size_t x);	void* operator new(size_t x);