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The military equipment of Israel includes a wide array of arms, armored vehicles, artillery, missiles, planes, helicopters, and warships. Many of these are purchased overseas and many are indigenous designs. Until the Six-Day War of 1967, the Israel Defense Forces' principal supplier was France; since then, it has been the United States government and defense companies in the United States. In the early 21st century, Israeli companies (such as Soltam Systems) began selling arms to the United States.[1] Much military equipment undergoes improvements in Israeli workshops.
In addition to weapons purchased overseas and indigenous products, Israel also operates and maintains large stockpiles of Soviet-made equipment, captured from Arab armies over the course of the Arab–Israeli conflict.[2]
History
During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the military equipment in the IDF was very diverse and inconsistent. This was due to the severe limitation in obtaining war materiel (the British Mandate and the Arab embargo). During the 1950s, the IDF began the process of standardization, relying primarily on French military equipment.
During the Six-Day War, the military cooperation with France ceased (the French Weapons Embargo of 1967) and Israel began to rely on American weaponry and on local research and development. During the 1980s and 1990s, the IDF increased its supplies of American arms, armor and aircraft, aiming for technological superiority over Arab countries, toward "a smaller, smarter army".
The reliance on locally manufactured military equipment has also greatly increased. Today, the overwhelming majority of Israel's military equipment is either manufactured in the United States (and often modified in Israeli workshops), or is developed and manufactured locally, with an increasing emphasis on advanced technology, including aerospace and electronics.
Local military development
Some of the military equipment developed locally have been:
Ground forces equipment
Small arms
| Name | Image | Type | Caliber | Origin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pistols | |||||
| Jericho 941[4] |  |
Semi-automatic pistol | 9×19mm |  Israel |
Used by IDF and IDF Special Forces |
| Glock 17[5] |  |
Semi-automatic pistol | 9×19mm |  Austria |
Used by IDF Special Forces |
| Glock 19[6] |  |
Semi-automatic pistol | 9×19mm | Austria |
Used by IDF Special Forces |
| Browning Hi-Power[6] | .jpg) |
Semi-automatic pistol | 9×19mm |  Belgium |
|
| SIG Sauer P226[6] |  |
Semi-automatic pistol | 9×19mm Parabellum |  Switzerland |
Used by IDF Special Forces. |
| Beretta M1951[4] |  |
Semi-automatic pistol | 9×19mm |  Italy |
|
| Heckler & Koch P11[4] |  |
Underwater pistol | 7.62×36mm |  Germany |
|
| Submachine guns | |||||
| IMI Uzi[7] |  |
Submachine gun | 9×19mm | Israel |
Uzi, Mini-Uzi, Micro-Uzi, and Uzi-Pro used. |
| Ingram MAC-10[4] |  |
Submachine gun | 9×19mm |  United States |
|
| IWI X95[4] | .jpg) |
Submachine gun and bullpup assault rifle | 9×19mm variant | Israel |
9x19mm suppressed variant used by IDF Special Forces |
| Semi-automatic rifle | |||||
| Suppressed Ruger 10/22[6][8] |   |
Semi-automatic rifle | .22 LR | United States |
Adopted for non-lethal crowd control. |
| Assault rifles | |||||
| Tavor X95 (Micro-Tavor Dor Gimel) [citation needed] |  |
Bullpup assault rifle/Carbine/Service rifle | 5.56x45mm | Israel |
Improved version of the X95 with longer barrel. |
| IWI X95 (Micro-Tavor)[4] |  |
Bullpup Assault rifle/Carbine | 5.56x45mm | Israel |
Compact version of the TAR-21. Standard Issue rifle since 2009 replacing the TAR-21. |
| IWI Tavor TAR-21[4] |  |
Assault rifle | 5.56×45mm | Israel |
Cut from service as of 2009 and replaced by the X95. |
| M4A1 Carbine[4] |  |
Carbine/Assault rifle/Service rifle | 5.56×45mm | United States |
Standard Issue Assault Rifle along with M16, CAR-15, and X95 and used by Special Forces |
| M16A1[9] |  |
Assault rifle | 5.56×45mm | United States |
Standard Issue Assault Rifle along with the M4, CAR-15, M16A2 and X95. Most of the long-barreled rifles were modified to have short barrel and a telescoping stock, the rest are reserved for basic training and ceremonial issues |
| M16A2[citation needed] | .jpg){kind=small} |
Assault rifle | 5.56×45mm | United States |
Standard Issue Assault Rifle along with the M4, CAR-15, M16A1 and X95. Most of the M16A2 is firing automatic, some to custom for DMR and rest are ceremonial issues. |
| CAR-15[6] |  |
Assault rifle | 5.56×45mm | United States |
Standard Issue Assault Rifle along with M4, M16A1, and X95 |
| IMI Galil[4][7] |  |
Assault rifle | 5.56×45mm | Israel |
Used in limited numbers. Variants used are Galil AR and Galil SAR. Most Galil's have been replaced by the improved (Galil) IWI ACE. |
| IMI Micro Galil [citation needed] |  |
Assault rifle | 5.56×45mm | Israel |
Used in limited numbers. Highly compact version of the Galil. Most Galil's have been replaced by the improved (Galil) IWI ACE. |
| AKM[4][7][10] |  |
Assault rifle | 7.62×39mm |  Soviet Union |
Captured from Arab armies over the course of the Arab–Israeli conflict and was used by Special Forces due to their high reliability. |
| AK-47[4][7][10] |  |
Assault rifle | 7.62×39mm | Soviet Union |
Captured from Arab armies over the course of the Arab–Israeli conflict and was used by Special Forces due to their high reliability. |
| Battle rifles | |||||
| M14[4] | _(7414626342).jpg){kind=small} |
Battle rifle | 7.62×51mm | United States |
Used in limited numbers by the IDF. |
| Light machine gun | |||||
| IMI Negev[4] |  |
Light machine gun | 5.56×45mm | Israel |
Capable of firing semi-automatic or full-auto. The 5.56 variant features a unique dual feed system, it can accept 30 round STANAG magazines and an assault-box belt. |
| Medium machine gun | |||||
| M1919 Browning [citation needed] |  |
Medium machine gun | .30-06 Springfield | United States |
|
| General-purpose machine guns | |||||
| FN MAG[11] |  |
General-purpose machine gun | 7.62×51mm | Belgium |
Former Standard Issue to IDF Since 1960s to 1990s as a Main Machine Gun. |
| Negev NG7 [citation needed] |  |
General-purpose machine gun | 7.62×51mm | Israel |
Capable of semi-automatic or full-automatic fire. |
| PKM[6] |  |
General-purpose machine gun | 7.62×54mmR | Soviet Union |
Captured from Arab armies over the course of the Arab–Israeli conflict and used by Special Forces. |
| M60 [citation needed] |  |
General-purpose machine gun | 7.62×51mm NATO |  United States |
Limited use. |
| Heavy machine guns | |||||
| Browning M2 (Makach 0.5)[4] | .jpg) |
Heavy machine gun | 12.7×99mm | United States |
Upgraded to M2HB-QCB |
| Shotguns | |||||
| Armsel Striker [citation needed] |  |
Revolving riot shotgun | 12 Gauge |  South Africa |
Used for riot control |
| Designated marksman rifles | |||||
| M4A1 Kala Sa'ar [citation needed] |  |
Designated marksman rifle | 5.56×45mm | United States |
Accurized M4A1, used by "kala sa'ar" marksmen. |
| SR-25 Mk 11 [6] |  |
Designated marksman rifle/Sniper rifle | 7.62×51mm | United States |
Used by IDF Special Forces. Also employed as a sniper rifle. |
| Tavor X-95L "Micro-Tavor Kala'im"[citation needed] |  |
Designated marksman rifle | 5.56×45mm | Israel |
Accurized Micro-Tavor X95 with longer barrel, used by "kala sa'ar" marksmen. |
| Sniper rifles | |||||
| M24 SWS[6] |  |
Sniper rifle | 7.62×51mm | United States |
Standard-issued sniper rifle, achieves accuracy of 0.5 MOA with IMI ammo. |
| IDF Modernized M24 SWS[6] |  |
Sniper rifle | 7.62×51mm | United States |
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Military_equipment_of_Israel|