The following is a list of women who have been elected or appointed head of state or government of their respective countries since the interwar period (1918–1939). The first list includes female presidents who are heads of state and may also be heads of government, as well as female heads of government who are not concurrently head of state, such as prime ministers. The list does not include female monarchs who are heads of state (but not of government).^[b]

Khertek Anchimaa-Toka, of the mostly unrecognized and now defunct Tuvan People's Republic, is regarded as "first ever elected woman head of state in the world", although not in multiparty, free and fair elections. The wife of the nation's Supreme Leader, she is the first woman to be elected Chairman of a country. She became the chairwoman of the country's presidium in 1940.^[1][2]

The first woman to be elected as prime minister of a country was Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka), when she led her party to victory in the July 1960 general election.^[3][2]

The first woman to serve as president of a country was Isabel Perón of Argentina, who served as the country's vice president and succeeded to the presidency in July 1974 upon the death of her husband.^[4][2]

The first woman elected president of a country was Vigdís Finnbogadóttir of Iceland, who won the 1980 presidential election as well as three subsequent elections, remaining in office for a total of 16 years, which makes her the longest-serving non-hereditary female head of state in history.^[5][2]

The first democratically elected female prime minister of a Muslim majority country was Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan, who led her party to victory in the 1988 general election and later in 1993, making her the first woman democratically elected leader of any Muslim nation.^[6] Bhutto was also the first of only two non-hereditary female world leaders who gave birth to a child while serving in office, the other being Jacinda Ardern of New Zealand.^[7]

The longest-tenured female non-hereditary head of government and longest-serving female leader of a country is Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh. She served as the country's prime minister from 1996 to 2001 and again since January 2009, for a combined total of over 20 years.^[8]

The prime ministers of Equatorial Guinea, Namibia, Peru, and Uganda are included in the list of elected or appointed female deputy heads of government but not in the list of elected or appointed female deputy heads of state, as they are neither heads of government, nor deputy heads of state due to the existence of the office of vice president in these countries, whereas the prime ministers of South Korea are included in both of those lists.

Currently, Barbados is the only republic in the world where both the serving head of state and head of government are women. Honduras, the Marshall Islands, and Peru are republics where the female President is the combined head of state and government.

Elected or appointed female chief executives

This list includes women who were appointed by a governing committee or parliament where heads of state or government are not directly elected by citizens. The list does not include women chosen by a hereditary monarch. Interim heads of state or government are listed in italics.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_elected_or_appointed_female_heads_of_state
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Name	Portrait	Country	Office	Mandate start	Mandate end	Term length	Head of state or government	Executive or non-executive
Khertek Anchimaa-Toka		Tannu Tuva[c]	Chairwoman of the Presidium of the Little Khural	6 April 1940	11 October 1944	4 years, 188 days	Head of state
Sirimavo Bandaranaike		Ceylon/  Sri Lanka	Prime Minister	21 July 1960	27 March 1965	4 years, 249 days	Head of government	Executive
				29 May 1970	23 July 1977	7 years, 55 days
				14 November 1994	9 August 2000	5 years, 269 days
Indira Gandhi		India	Prime Minister	24 January 1966	24 April 1977	11 years, 90 days	Head of government	Executive
				15 January 1980	31 October 1984 (assassinated)	4 years, 290 days
Golda Meir		Israel	Prime Minister	17 March 1969	3 June 1974	5 years, 78 days	Head of government	Executive
Isabel Perón		Argentina	President	1 July 1974	24 March 1976	1 year, 267 days	Head of state and government	Executive
Elisabeth Domitien		Central African Republic	Prime Minister	2 January 1975	7 April 1976	1 year, 96 days	Head of government
Margaret Thatcher		United Kingdom	Prime Minister	4 May 1979	28 November 1990	11 years, 208 days	Head of government	Executive
Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo		Portugal	Prime Minister	1 August 1979	3 January 1980	155 days	Head of government	Executive
Lidia Gueiler Tejada		Bolivia	President	16 November 1979	17 July 1980	244 days	Head of state	Executive
Eugenia Charles		Dominica	Prime Minister	21 July 1980	14 June 1995	14 years, 328 days	Head of government	Executive
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir		Iceland	President	1 August 1980	1 August 1996	16 years, 0 days	Head of state
Gro Harlem Brundtland		Norway	Prime Minister	4 February 1981	14 October 1981	252 days	Head of government	Executive
				9 May 1986	16 October 1989	3 years, 160 days
				3 November 1990	25 October 1996	5 years, 357 days
Soong Ching-ling		China	Honorary President	16 May 1981	28 May 1981	12 days	Head of state
Agatha Barbara		Malta	President	15 February 1982	15 February 1987	5 years	Head of state
Milka Planinc		Yugoslavia	Prime Minister	16 May 1982	15 May 1986	3 years, 364 days	Head of government	Executive
Corazon Aquino		Philippines	President	25 February 1986	30 June 1992	6 years, 126 days	Head of state and government	Executive
Stella Sigcau		Transkei[d]	Prime Minister	5 October 1987	30 December 1987	86 days	Head of government	Executive
Benazir Bhutto		Pakistan	Prime Minister	2 December 1988	6 July 1990	1 year, 216 days	Head of government	Executive
				19 October 1993	5 November 1996	3 years, 17 days
Ertha Pascal-Trouillot		Haiti	President	13 March 1990	7 February 1991	331 days	Head of state
Kazimira Prunskienė		Lithuania	Prime Minister	11 March 1990	10 January 1991	299 days	Head of government	Executive
Sabine Bergmann-Pohl		East Germany	President of the People's Chamber	5 April 1990	2 October 1990	180 days	Head of state
Violeta Chamorro		Nicaragua	President	25 April 1990	10 January 1997	6 years, 260 days	Head of state and government	Executive
Mary Robinson		Ireland	President	3 December 1990	12 September 1997	6 years, 283 days	Head of state
Khaleda Zia		Bangladesh	Prime Minister	27 February 1991	30 March 1996	5 years, 32 days	Head of government	Executive
				1 October 2001	29 October 2006	5 years, 28 days
Édith Cresson		France	Prime Minister	15 May 1991	2 April 1992	323 days	Head of government
Hanna Suchocka		Poland	Prime Minister	11 July 1992	25 October 1993	1 year, 106 days	Head of government
Tansu Çiller		Turkey	Prime Minister	13 June 1993	6 March 1996	2 years, 267 days	Head of government
Kim Campbell		Canada	Prime Minister	25 June 1993	4 November 1993	132 days	Head of government	Executive
Sylvie Kinigi		Burundi	Prime Minister	10 July 1993	7 February 1994	109 days	Head of government
Agathe Uwilingiyimana		Rwanda	Prime Minister	18 July 1993	7 April 1994 (assassinated)	263 days	Head of government
Chandrika Kumaratunga		Sri Lanka	President	12 November 1994	19 November 2005	11 years, 7 days	Head of state and government	Executive
Claudette Werleigh		Haiti	Prime Minister	7 November 1995	27 February 1996	112 days	Head of government
Sheikh Hasina		Bangladesh	Prime Minister	12 June 1996	15 July 2001	5 years, 33 days	Head of government	Executive
				6 January 2009	Incumbent	15 years, 150 days
Ruth Perry		Liberia	Chairwoman of the Council of State	3 September 1996	2 August 1997	333 days	Head of state and government	Executive
Rosalía Arteaga		Ecuador	President	9 February 1997	11 February 1997	2 days