Russia has an upper-middle income^[1] mixed economy with state ownership in strategic areas of the economy. Market reforms in the 1990s privatized much of Russian industry and agriculture, with notable exceptions to this privatization occurring in the energy and defense-related sectors.

Russia's vast geography is an important determinant of its economic activity, with some sources estimating that Russia contains over 30 percent of the world's natural resources.^[2][3][4] The World Bank estimates the total value of Russia's natural resources at US$75 trillion.^[5][6] Russia relies on energy revenues to drive most of its growth. Russia has an abundance of petroleum, natural gas and precious metals, which make up a major share of Russia's exports. As of 2012^[update] the oil-and-gas sector accounted for 16% of the GDP, 52% of federal budget revenues and over 70% of total exports.^{[needs update][7][8]}

Largest firms

  State-owned enterprise

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_companies_of_Russia
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Rank	Name	Industry	Revenue (USD billions)	Headquarters	Ref(s)
1	Gazprom	Oil and gas	112.2	St Petersburg	[9]
2	Lukoil	Oil and gas	93.84	Moscow	[9]
3	Rosneft	Oil and gas	86.21	Moscow	[9]
4	Sberbank	Finance	53.7	Moscow	[9]
5	Russian Railways	Transport	38.6	Moscow	[9]
—	Rostec	Investments	27.24	Moscow	[9]
6	VTB Bank	Finance	22.8	Moscow	[9]
7	X5 Group	Trade	22.2	Moscow	[9]
8	Surgutneftegas	Oil and gas	19.81	Surgut	[9]
9	Magnit	Trade	19.59	Krasnodar	[9]
10	Rosseti	Power engineering	16.25	Moscow	[9]
11	Inter RAO	Power engineering	15.72	Moscow	[9]
12	Transneft	Oil and gas	14.64	Moscow	[9]
13	Rosatom	Atomic industry	19.65	Moscow	[9]
—	Sistema	Investments	12.08	Moscow	[9]
14	Tatneft	Oil and gas	11.67	Almetyevsk	[9]
15	Megapolis Group [ru]	Distribution	11.24	Moscow	[9]
16	Gazprombank	Finance	10.92	Moscow	[9]
17	Evraz	Metals and mining	10.83	Moscow	[9]
18	Novolipetsk Steel	Metals and mining	10.06	Moscow	[9]
19	Novatek	Oil and gas	9.99	Moscow	[9]
20	Sibur	Chemistry and petrochemistry	9.99	Moscow	[9]
21	Rusal	Metals and mining	9.98	Moscow	[9]
22	Norilsk Nickel	Metals and mining	9.2	Moscow	[9]
23	Aeroflot	Transport	9.14	Moscow	[9]
24	Severstal	Metals and mining	7.85	Cherepovets	[9]
25	United Aircraft Corporation	Defense and machine building	7.75	Moscow	[9]
26	Mobile TeleSystems	Telecommunications	7.59	Moscow	[9]
27	Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works	Metals and mining	7.54	Magnitogorsk	[9]
28	Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company	Metals and mining	7.13	Verkhnyaya Pyshma	[9]
29	RusHydro	Power engineering	6.53	Moscow	[9]
30	MegaFon	Telecommunications	6.39	Moscow	[9]
31	Lenta	Trade	6.26	St. Petersburg	[9]
32	Metalloinvest	Metals and mining	6.24	Moscow	[9]
33	Stroygazmontazh	Construction of infrastructure	6.2	Moscow	[9]
34	T Plus	Power engineering	6.08	Krasnogorsk	[9]
35	VimpelCom	Telecommunications	5.84	Moscow	[9]
36	SUEK	Metals and mining	5.69	Moscow	[9]
37	United Shipbuilding Corporation	Defense and machine building	5.59	Moscow	[9]
38	Sakhalin Energy	Oil and gas	5.4	Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk	[9]
39	Rostelecom	Telecommunications	5.23	Moscow	[9]
40	Alfa-Bank	Finance	5.12	Moscow	[9]
41	Otkritie Holding	Finance	5.12	Moscow	[9]
42	Mechel	Metals and mining	5.12	Moscow	[9]
43	Vnesheconombank	Finance	5.12	Moscow	[9]
—	Auchan	Trade	5.04	Mytischi	[9]
—	Japan Tobacco International Russia	Alcohol and tobacco	4.95	Moscow	[9]
44	EuroChem	Chemistry and petrochemistry	4.87	Moscow	[9]
45	DIXY	Trade	4.85	Moscow	[9]
—	Philip Morris Sales and Marketing	Alcohol and tobacco	4.73	Moscow	[9]
46	Alrosa	Metals and mining	4.71	Moscow	[9]
47	Rosselkhozbank	Finance	4.61	Moscow	[9]
48	Protek	Pharmaceuticals	4.42	Moscow	[9]
49	OAO TMK	Metals and mining	4.39	Moscow	[9]
50	Russian Helicopters	Defense and machine building	4.25	Moscow	[9]
51	TNS Energo [ru]	Power engineering	4.18	Moscow	[9]
52	Katren [ru]	Pharmaceuticals	4.17	Khimki	[9]
53	Slavneft [ru]	Oil and gas	4.13	Moscow	[9]
54	United Engine Corporation	Defense and machine building	4.03	Moscow	[9]
—	Metro Cash & Carry	Trade	3.98	Moscow	[9]
—	Leroy Merlin Vostok	Trade	3.89	Mytischi	[9]
55	AvtoVAZ	Cars	3.87	Tolyatti	[9]
56	New Stream Group [ru]	Oil and gas	3.77	Moscow	[9]
57	Merlion	Distribution	3.77	Krasnogorsk	[9]
58	Avtotor	Cars	3.7	Moscow	[9]
59	Tactical Missiles Corporation	Defense and machine building	3.62	Korolyov	[9]
60	Red&White	Trade	3.6	Chelyabinsk	[9]
61	Mostotrest	Construction of infrastructure	3.57	Moscow	[9]
—	MUMT (British American Tobacco)	Alcohol and tobacco	3.45	Moscow	[9]
62	M.video	Trade	3.39	Moscow	[9]
63	DNS Group [ru]	Trade	3.39	Vladivostok	[9]
64	PhosAgro	Chemistry and petrochemistry	3.1	Moscow	[9]
65	Rolf Group	Cars	3.09	Moscow	[9]
66	O'Key Group [ru]	Trade	3.03	Moscow	[9]
67	Independent Oil and Gas Company	Oil and gas	3.03	Moscow	[9]
68	PIK Group	Development and construction	3	Moscow	[9]
69	EuroSibEnergo [ru]	Power engineering	2.97	Moscow	[9]
70	Russian Post	Postal services	2.95	Moscow	[9]
71	Nizhnekamskneftekhim	Chemistry and petrochemistry	2.88	Nizhnekamsk	[9]
72	Rusenergosbyt [ru]	Power engineering	2.85	Moscow	[9]
73	United Metallurgical Company [ru]	Metals and mining	2.85	Moscow	[9]
74	GAZ Group	Cars	2.83	Nizhny Novgorod	[9]
75	Tashir	Development and construction	2.81	Moscow	[9]
76	SNS Holding [ru]	Distribution	2.78	Moscow	[9]
77	National Computer Corporation [ru]	Information Technology	2.76	Moscow	[9]
78	Uralkali	Chemistry and petrochemistry	2.76	Moscow	[9]
79	TAIF-NK [ru]	Oil and gas	2.73	Nizhnekamsk	[9]
80	Polyus	Metals and mining	2.73	Moscow	[9]
81	United Company Eurobusiness Euroset	Trade	2.71	Moscow	[9]
82	Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling Plant	Metals and mining	2.71	Chelyabinsk	[9]
83	Sodrugestvo	Agriculture and Food	2.67	Svetly	[9]
84	SOGAZ	Finance	2.67	Moscow	[9]
85	KamAZ	Cars	2.67	Naberezhnye Chelny	[9]
86	Transmashholding	Defense and machine building	2.67	Moscow	[9]
87	StroyTransNefteGaz (formerly Stroytransgaz)	Construction of infrastructure	2.64	St. Petersburg	[9]
88	FC Pulse [ru]	Pharmaceuticals	2.57	Khimki	[9]
89	Zarubezhneft	Oil and gas	2.54