Lamalama language

Lamalama
Lamalama
Mbarrumbathama, Mba Rumbathama
Native to	Australia
Region	Queensland
Ethnicity	Lamalama
Native speakers	3 (2016 census)
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Paman Lamalamic Lamalama; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	lby
Glottolog	lamu1254
AIATSIS	Y136
ELP	Lamalama

The Lamalama language, also known by the clan name Mbarrumbathama (Austlang) or Mba Rumbathama, formerly known as Lamu-Lamu or Lama-Lama, is a Paman language of Queensland, Australia. Lamalama is one of four languages once spoken by the Lamalama people, the others being Morrobolam (Umbuygamu), Mbariman-Gudinhma, and Umpithamu.^[3]

Naming and language relationships

In January 2019, the ISO database changed its reference name to Lamalama, from Lamu-Lamu.^[4] As of August 2020^[update], Glottolog calls it Lamalama,^[5] while AIATSIS' Austlang database thesaurus heading is Mbarrumbathama language.^[6]

Austlang says, quoting linguist Jean-Cristophe Verstraete (2018), that Lamalama, Rimanggudinhma (Mbariman-Gudhinma) and Morrobolam form a genetic subgroup of Paman known as Lamalamic, "defined by shared innovations in phonology and morphology". Within this subgroup, "Morrobolam and Lamalama form a phonologically innovative branch, while Rumanggudinhma forms a more conservative branch".^[7]

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	voiceless	p	t̪	t	c	k	ʔ
	voiced	b	d̪	d	ɟ
	prenasal	ᵐb	ⁿ̪d̪	ⁿd	ᶮɟ	ᵑɡ
Nasal		m	n̪	n	ɲ	ŋ
Fricative		ɸ	θ	r̝	ɕ		h
Lateral				l
Rhotic				r
Approximant		w		ɹ	j

Voiceless fricative sounds /ɸ, θ, ɕ, h/ are heard as voiced when in consonant clusters and in intervocalic positions.
Fricatives /θ, ɕ/ can be heard as laminal and alveolar fricatives when in word-initial position in free variation among speakers.
/h/ can be heard as [x] when in word-initial position in free variation among speakers.
The fricative trill /r̝/ is also heard as voiceless [r̝̥] in free variation in initial positions.
The trill sound /r/ can be heard as voiceless [r̥] when in word-final contexts.
Labial consonants can also be labialized [ʷ] optionally within the onset of stressed syllables, or when after high-back vowel sounds.
Consonant lengthening can be heard within the onset of stressed syllables.

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Open	a

Phoneme	Allophone	Notes
/i/	[ɪ]	in unstressed syllables
	[ɨ]	in stressed syllables
	[ʉ], [ɵ]	when following labial consonants
/a/	[ɐ]	in free variation with
	[ə]	in unstressed syllables
	[æ]	when in the context of palatal sounds
	[ɛ]	realized within the diphthong /ia/
	[ɔ]	realized within the diphthong /ua/
/u/	[ʊ]	in unstressed positions

References

^ "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". stat.data.abs.gov.au. ABS. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
^ Y136 Lamalama at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
^ Crump, Des (20 July 2020). "Language of the Week: Week Eight - Lamalama". State Library Of Queensland. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
^ "lby". ISO 639-3. 25 January 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
^ "4.2.1 - Lamalama". Glottolog (in Javanese). Retrieved 7 August 2020.
^ "Y136: Mbarrumbathama". AIATSIS Collection: AUSTLANG. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
^ "Y55: Morrobolam". AIATSIS Collection (Austlang). 26 July 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Lamalama_language
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[1] "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". stat.data.abs.gov.au. ABS. Retrieved 30 October 2017.

[AIATSIS-2] Y136 Lamalama at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies

[3] Crump, Des (20 July 2020). "Language of the Week: Week Eight - Lamalama". State Library Of Queensland. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

[4] "lby". ISO 639-3. 25 January 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.

[5] "4.2.1 - Lamalama". Glottolog (in Javanese). Retrieved 7 August 2020.

[austlang-6] "Y136: Mbarrumbathama". AIATSIS Collection: AUSTLANG. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.

[7] "Y55: Morrobolam". AIATSIS Collection (Austlang). 26 July 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.

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Naming and language relationships

Phonology

Consonants

Vowels

Further reading

References