Brooklyn Kings County, New York
Borough and county
Downtown Brooklyn seen from Lower Manhattan Brooklyn Bridge Coney Island Brooklyn Museum Borough Hall Barclays Center Brooklyn College
Flag Seal
Motto(s):  Eendraght Maeckt Maght ("Unity makes strength")
Interactive map outlining Brooklyn
Brooklyn Location within New York City Show map of New York City Brooklyn Location within the State of New York Show map of New York Brooklyn Location within the United States Show map of the United States Brooklyn Location on Earth Show map of Earth
Coordinates: 40°41′34″N 73°59′25″W / 40.69278°N 73.99028°W / 40.69278; -73.99028
Country	United States
State	New York
County	Kings (coterminous)
City	New York City
Settled	1634
Named for	Breukelen, Netherlands
Government
• Type	Borough
• Borough President	Antonio Reynoso (D) — (Borough of Brooklyn)
• District Attorney	Eric Gonzalez (D) — (Kings County)
Area
• Total	97 sq mi (250 km2)
• Land	70.82 sq mi (183.4 km2)
• Water	26 sq mi (67 km2)
Highest elevation [2]	220 ft (67 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	2,736,074[1]
• Density	38,634/sq mi (14,917/km2)
• Demonym	Brooklynite[3]
GDP [4]
• Total	US$107.274 billion (2022)
ZIP Code prefix	112
Area codes	718/347/929, 917
Congressional districts	7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th
Website	www.brooklyn-usa.org

Brooklyn is a borough of New York City. Located on the westernmost end of Long Island, it is coextensive with Kings County in the U.S. state of New York. With 2,736,074 residents as of the 2020 United States census,^[1] Kings County is the most populous of the five boroughs of New York City and the most populous county in the State of New York.^[5][6] The population density of Brooklyn was 37,339.9 inhabitants per square mile (14,417.0/km²) in 2022, making it the second-most-densely-populated county in the United States, behind Manhattan,^[7] and it had the ninth-highest population of any county nationwide.^[8] Were Brooklyn still an independent city, it would be the fourth most populous in the U.S. after the rest of New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago.^[8]

Named after the Dutch town of Breukelen in the Netherlands, Brooklyn shares a border with the borough of Queens. It has several bridge and tunnel connections to the borough of Manhattan, across the East River, and is connected to Staten Island by way of the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge. With a land area of 69.38 square miles (179.7 km²) and a water area of 27.48 square miles (71.2 km²), Kings County is the state of New York's fourth-smallest county by land area and third smallest by total area.^[9]

Brooklyn was founded by the Dutch in the 17th century and grew into a busy port city by the 19th century. On January 1, 1898, after a long political campaign and public-relations battle during the 1890s and despite opposition from Brooklyn residents, Brooklyn was consolidated in and annexed (along with other areas) to form the current five-borough structure of New York City in accordance to the new municipal charter of "Greater New York".^[10] The borough continues to maintain some distinct culture. Many Brooklyn neighborhoods are ethnic enclaves. Having a larger Jewish population than Jerusalem, the borough has been described as "the most Jewish spot on Earth", with Jews forming around a quarter of its population.^[11][12] Brooklyn's official motto, displayed on the borough seal and flag, is Eendraght Maeckt Maght, which translates from early modern Dutch as 'Unity makes strength'.^[13]

In the first decades of the 21st century, Brooklyn has experienced a renaissance as a destination for hipsters,^[14] with concomitant gentrification, dramatic house-price increases, and a decrease in housing affordability.^[15] Some new developments are required to include affordable housing units.^{[citation needed]} Since the 2010s, parts of Brooklyn have evolved into a hub of entrepreneurship, high-technology startup firms,^[16][17] postmodern art,^[18] and design.^[17]

Toponymy

The name Brooklyn is derived from the original Dutch town of Breukelen. The oldest mention of the settlement in the Netherlands is in a charter of 953 by Holy Roman Emperor Otto I as Broecklede.^[19] This form is made up of the words broeck, meaning bog or marshland, and lede, meaning small (dug) water stream, specifically in peat areas.^[20] Breuckelen on the American continent was established in 1646, and the name first appeared in print in 1663.^[21][22][23]

Over the past two millennia, the name of the ancient town in Holland has been Bracola, Broccke, Brocckede, Broiclede, Brocklandia, Broekclen, Broikelen, Breuckelen, and finally Breukelen.^[24] The New Amsterdam settlement of Breuckelen also went through many spelling variations, including Breucklyn, Breuckland, Brucklyn, Broucklyn, Brookland, Brockland, Brocklin, and Brookline/Brook-line. There have been so many variations of the name that its origin has been debated; some have claimed breuckelen means "broken land."^[25] The current name, however, is the one that best reflects its meaning.^[26][27]

History

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Regions
Brooklyn Queens Nassau County Suffolk County Municipalities North Shore South Shore North Fork South Fork Long Island Sound Barrier islands
v t e

New Netherland series
Exploration
Fortifications:
Fort Amsterdam Fort Nassau (North) Fort Orange Fort Nassau (South) Fort Goede Hoop De Wal Fort Casimir Fort Altena Fort Wilhelmus Fort Beversreede Fort Nya Korsholm De Rondout
Settlements:
Noten Eylandt Nieuw Amsterdam Rensselaerswijck Nieuw Haarlem Beverwijck Wiltwijk Bergen Pavonia Vriessendael Achter Col Vlissingen Oude Dorpe Colen Donck Greenwich Heemstede Rustdorp Gravesende Breuckelen Nieuw Amersfoort Midwout Nieuw Utrecht Boswijk Swaanendael Nieuw Amstel Nieuw Dorp
The Patroon System
Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions
Cornelius Jacobsen May (1620–25) Willem Verhulst (1625–26) Peter Minuit (1626–32) Sebastiaen Jansen Krol (1632–33) Wouter van Twiller (1633–38) Willem Kieft (1638–47) Peter Stuyvesant (1647–64)
People of New Netherland
New Netherlander Twelve Men Eight Men Nine Men
Flushing Remonstrance
v t e

The history of European settlement in Brooklyn spans more than 350 years. The settlement began in the 17th century as the small Dutch-founded town of "Breuckelen" on the East River shore of Long Island, grew to be a sizeable city in the 19th century and was consolidated in 1898 with New York City (then confined to Manhattan and the Bronx), the remaining rural areas of Kings County, and the largely rural areas of Queens and Staten Island, to form the modern City of New York.

Colonial era

New Netherland

The Dutch were the first Europeans to settle Long Island's western edge, which was then largely inhabited by the Lenape, an Algonquian-speaking American Indian tribe often referred to in European documents by a variation of the place name "Canarsie". Bands were associated with place names, but the colonists thought their names represented different tribes. The Breuckelen settlement was named after Breukelen in the Netherlands; it was part of New Netherland. The Dutch West India Company lost little time in chartering the six original parishes (listed here by their later English town names):^[28]

• Gravesend: in 1645, settled under Dutch patent by English followers of Anabaptist Deborah Moody, named for 's-Gravenzande, Netherlands, or Gravesend, England;
• Brooklyn Heights: chartered as Breuckelen in 1646, after the town now spelled Breukelen, Netherlands. Breuckelen was along Fulton Street (now Fulton Mall) between Hoyt Street and Smith Street (according to H. Stiles and P. Ross). Brooklyn Heights, or Clover Hill, is where the village of Brooklyn was founded in 1816;
• Flatlands: chartered as Nieuw Amersfoort in 1647;
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Brooklyn,_New_York
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