Adams County
County
Adams County Government Center in Brighton
Flag
Location within the U.S. state of Colorado
Colorado's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 39°52′N 104°21′W / 39.87°N 104.35°W / 39.87; -104.35
Country	United States
State	Colorado
Founded	April 15, 1901
Named for	Alva Adams[1]
Seat	Brighton
Largest city	Thornton
Area
• Total	1,184 sq mi (3,070 km2)
• Land	1,168 sq mi (3,030 km2)
• Water	16 sq mi (40 km2)  1.4%
Population  (2020)
• Total	519,572
• Density	440/sq mi (170/km2)
Time zone	UTC−7 (Mountain)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−6 (MDT)
Congressional districts	4th, 6th, 7th, 8th
Website	www.adcogov.org
Fifth most populous Colorado county

Adams County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 519,572.^[2] The county seat is Brighton, and the largest city is Thornton.^[3] The county is named for Alva Adams, an early Governor of the State of Colorado in 1887–1889.^[1] Adams County is part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

On May 30, 1854, the Kansas–Nebraska Act created the Territory of Nebraska and Territory of Kansas, divided by the Parallel 40° North (168th Avenue in present-day Adams County). The future Adams County, Colorado, occupied a strip of northern Arapahoe County, Kansas Territory, immediately south of the Nebraska Territory.

In 1859, John D. "Colonel Jack" Henderson built a ranch, trading post, and hotel on Henderson Island in the South Platte River in Arapahoe County, Kansas Territory. Jack Henderson was the former editor and proprietor of the Leavenworth (Kansas Territory) Journal and an outspoken pro-slavery politician who had been accused of vote fraud in eastern Kansas. Henderson sold meat and provisions to gold seekers on their way up the South Platte River Trail to the gold fields during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush. Henderson Island was the first permanent settlement in the South Platte River Valley between Fort Saint Vrain in the Nebraska Territory and the Cherry Creek Diggings in the Kansas Territory. Jack Henderson eventually returned to eastern Kansas and fought for the Union in the American Civil War. Henderson Island is today the site of the Adams County Regional Park and Fairgrounds.

The eastern portion of the Kansas Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Kansas on January 29, 1861, and on February 28, 1861, the remaining western portion of the territory was made part of the new Colorado Territory.^[4] The Colorado Territory created Arapahoe County, on November 1, 1861, and Colorado was admitted to the Union on August 1, 1876.^[4]

In 1901, the Colorado General Assembly voted to split Arapahoe County into three parts: a new Adams County, a new consolidated City and County of Denver, and the remainder of the Arapahoe County to be renamed South Arapahoe County. A ruling by the Colorado Supreme Court, subsequent legislation, and a referendum delayed the creation of Adams County until November 15, 1902. Governor James Bradley Orman designated Brighton as the temporary Adams County Seat. Adams County originally stretched 160 miles (260 kilometers) from present-day Sheridan Boulevard to the Kansas state border. On May 12, 1903, the eastern 88 miles (142 kilometers) of Adams County was transferred to the new Washington County and the new Yuma County, reducing the length of Adams County to the present 72 miles (116 kilometers). On November 8, 1904, Adams County voters chose Brighton as the permanent county seat.

A 1989 vote transferred 53 square miles (140 square kilometers) of Adams County to the City and County of Denver for the proposed Denver International Airport, leaving the densely populated western portion of the county as two oddly-shaped peninsulas. Adams County lost the tip of its northwest corner when the consolidated City and County of Broomfield was created on November 15, 2001.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,184 square miles (3,070 km²), of which 1,168 square miles (3,030 km²) is land and 16 square miles (41 km²) (1.4%) is water.^[5]

Adams County surrounds (and surrendered the land for) most of Denver International Airport which are in the City and County of Denver.

Adjacent counties

• Weld County – north
• Morgan County – northeast
• Washington County – east
• Arapahoe County – south
• City & County of Denver – southeast
• Jefferson County – west
• City & County of Broomfield – northwest

Major highways

• Interstate 25
• Interstate 70
• Interstate 76
• Interstate 225
• I-70 BS
• U.S. Highway 6
• U.S. Highway 36
• U.S. Highway 40
• U.S. Highway 85
• U.S. Highway 87
• State Highway 2
• State Highway 7
• State Highway 36
• State Highway 40
• State Highway 44
• State Highway 79
• State Highway 128
• State Highway 224
• State Highway 265
• E-470 (tollway)

National protected area

• Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

State park

• Barr Lake State Park

Historic trail

• South Platte Trail

Recreational trails

• American Discovery Trail
• Big Dry Creek National Recreation Trail
• Highline Canal National Recreation Trail
• Platte River Greenway National Recreation Trail
• Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Recreation Trail

Demographics

As of the census^[11] of 2000, there were 363,857 people, 128,156 households, and 92,144 families residing in the county. The population density was 305 people per square mile (118 people/km²). There were 132,594 housing units at an average density of 111 per square mile (43/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 77.29% White, 2.97% Black or African American, 1.19% Native American, 3.21% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 11.73% from other races, and 3.49% from two or more races. 28.19% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 128,156 households, out of which 37.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.80% were married couples living together, 12.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.10% were non-families. 21.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.50% had someone who was 65 years of age or older living alone. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.27.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.60% under the age of 18, 10.30% from 18 to 24, 34.00% from 25 to 44, 19.40% from 45 to 64, and 7.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $47,323, and the median income for a family was $52,517. Males had a median income of $36,499 versus $28,053 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,944. About 6.50% of families and 8.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.90% of those under age 18 and 7.30% of those age 65 or over.

In 2000, the largest denominational groups were Catholics (with 60,429 members) and Evangelical Protestants (with 25,552 members).^[12] The largest religious bodies were the Catholic Church (with 60,429 adherents) and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (with 6,808 adherents).^[13]

Government

Adams County has a Board of Commissioners that operate as a collective governing board. There are five members that form the Board of Commissioners with each elected to represent a district or portion of the county.^[14] There are other elected officials that oversee an aspect or department of county operations.

Politics

Adams County is predominately Democratic, not having voted Republican since Ronald Reagan in 1984. In 2016, Hillary Clinton won the county without a majority, becoming the first Democrat to do so since her husband Bill Clinton in 1992. In the 2020 election, Joe Biden easily won the county with a majority of the vote, a percentage similar to Barack Obama in 2012 and 2008 but with a much larger vote count.