1822–23 United States Senate elections

← 1820 & 1821 Dates vary by state 1824 & 1825 →
16 of the 48 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 25 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Party Democratic-Republican Federalist Last election 39 seats 4 seats Seats before 44 4 Seats won 14 1 Seats after 44 3 Seat change 1 Seats up 14 2
Results:      Federalist hold      Dem-Republican hold      Legislature Failed To Elect
Majority Party before election Democratic-Republican Elected Majority Party Democratic-Republican

The 1822–23 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1822 and 1823, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.^[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Democratic-Republican Party continued to maintain almost complete control of the Senate.

Factions

At the very end of the next Congress, the 1824 United States presidential election led to a contingency election, decided by the Congress. In that election, Senators split into factions in support of William H. Crawford, Andrew Jackson, or John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay. Even though that election wasn't held until more than two years after the Senate elections in this article, those factions are noted below as "Crawford," "Jackson," or "Adams-Clay."

Results summary

Senate party division, 18th Congress (1823–1825)

• Majority party: Democratic-Republican (42–43)
• Minority parties: National Republican & Federalist (4–5)
• Total seats: 48

Change in composition

Before the elections

Composition after the January 24, 1822 Delaware special election.

Result of the regular elections