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World number one male tennis player rankings
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This article is about world number 1 ranked male tennis players all-time. For the ATP number 1 players since 1973, see List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players.

World number 1 ranked male tennis players is a year-by-year listing of the male tennis players who were ranked as world No. 1 by various contemporary and modern sources. The annual source rankings from which the No. 1 players are drawn are cited for each player's name, with a summary of the most important tennis events of each year also included. If world rankings are not available, recent rankings by tennis writers for historical years are accessed, with the dates of the recent rankings identified. In the period 1948–1953, when contemporary professional world rankings were not created, the U.S. professional rankings are cited.

History of rankings

Before 1912

For the period between the birth of lawn tennis to 1912, few contemporary worldwide rankings exist. Some national tennis federations such as the USLTA (USTA) in the United States did create national rankings, however. Also, British publications ranking British players are listed. Retrospective world rankings made by the International Tennis Hall of Fame are also listed.

Between 1912 and 1973: opinion-based rankings and professional series rankings

Before the Open Era of tennis arrived in 1968, opinion-based rankings for amateur players were generally compiled either for a full year of play or in September following the U.S. Championships. Professional players were ranked by journalists, promoters, and players' associations in opinion-based rankings either at the end of the year or in the spring or summer when the world pro tours finished. There were also performance-based point ranking systems attached to professional tournament series in 1946, 1959, 1960, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967 and 1968, and performance-based pro rankings from the pro tours in 1942, 1954, 1961, and 1963. Even for amateurs, however, there was no single official overall ranking that encompassed the entire world. Instead, national rankings were compiled by the national tennis association of each country, with world rankings being the preserve of tennis journalists or newspaper reporters. The end-of-year amateur rankings issued by official organizations such as the United States Lawn Tennis Association were based on judgments and opinions and not on mathematical formulae assigning points for wins and losses.

Professional tennis in Europe before 1926

Thomas Burke, tutor of the Tennis Club de Paris and former teacher of two-time Wimbledon champion Joshua Pim, was reportedly as good a player as the leading amateurs.[1] Charles Haggett was the best English teaching professional during the early 20th century. In 1913, Haggett settled in the United States, having been invited by the West Side Tennis Club of Forest Hills, New York and became the coach of the American Davis Cup team. In practice matches, he beat the leading amateurs Anthony Wilding, Wimbledon winner and Maurice McLoughlin, Wimbledon All Comer's winner.[2]

In the 1920s, Karel Koželuh, Albert Burke (son of Thomas Burke), and Roman Najuch were probably the most notable, as well as the best, of these players. The Bristol Cup, held at Beaulieu or at Cannes on the French Riviera and won seven consecutive times by Koželuh, was "the world's only significant pro tennis tournament."[3] Koželuh went on to become one of the best of the touring professionals in the 1930s. He and Burke, however, were not listed among the top players before 1928, as this was the first year when a retrospective ranking was published for all the top players, amateur and professional.

Major professional tournaments before 1968

Main article: Major professional tennis tournaments before the Open Era

Three major tournaments held a certain tradition and usually had the best of the leading players. The most prestigious of the three was generally the London Indoor Professional Championship. Played in most years between 1934 and 1990 at the Wembley Arena in the United Kingdom, the tournament was authorised by the Lawn Tennis Association from the 1950s onwards. The oldest of the three was the United States Professional Championship, played between 1927 and 1999 (except 1944 and 1996) with the approval and participation of the USPLTA from 1928 to 1954. In 1950, the USPLTA U.S. Pro was held in Cleveland. In 1951, the USPLTA U.S. Pro was held at Forest Hills, however there was also in 1951 the PTPA-approved U.S. Pro (under the billed name International Pro) held at Cleveland. Between 1952–53 and 1955–62 the PTPA version of the U.S. Pro was played in Cleveland (under the billed name International or World Professional Championships). The USPLTA U.S. Pro was held again at the L.A. Tennis Club in 1954 under Kramer's management, however the Cleveland version of the U.S. Pro was also held in 1954 under the billed name World Professional Championships. The third major tournament was the French Professional Championship, played at Roland Garros in the years 1930–1932, 1934–1939, 1956, 1958–62 and 1968, and at Stade Coubertin from 1963 to 1967. The British and American championships continued into the Open Era, but devolved to the status of minor tournaments.

These three tournaments (Wembley Pro, French Pro and U.S. Pro) through 1967 are often referred to retrospectively as the major pro events by tennis historians.[4] However, in some years other tournaments had stronger fields and larger money prizes. The 1957 Forest Hills Tournament of Champions was broadcast live in its entirety on the CBS national television network in the U.S.[5][6] The Forest Hills professional tournament in 1966 boasted the largest prize money of the season, and a film was made of the final.[7] The Wimbledon Pro in 1967 was broadcast complete in colour on BBC television in Britain and awarded the largest prize money of any pro tournament up to that time.[8]

Before 1973, there were only a few rankings based on the points players obtained for achieving a certain level of performance in particular tournaments, but there were journalists or officials (on their personal behalf) or promoters or players themselves who listed their own subjective annual rankings. In 1946, 1959, 1960 and 1964–1968 there were point ranking systems and seeding lists applied to professional series of tournaments involving all of the best pros. In 1946, 1959 and 1960 there were also World Professional Championship tours with a small number of pros, which did not produce point rankings. The winners of the 1946, 1959 and 1960 World Professional Championship Tours were described as "world champion" in many reports,[9][10] although the points ranking system in 1959 was also referred to in Kramer's brochure with the term "World Championship Tennis".[11] In 1961 and 1963, the ITPTA World Championship Tour produced an official ranking order for the contract professionals. In some years, however, only a small number of professional promoters, players or journalists released opinion-based rankings at the end of the tennis year. Retrospective opinion-based-rankings by tennis historians or sports statisticians many years after the tennis year ended (e.g. in the 2000s for a year in the 1950s) are also listed.

From 1973 onward: modern ATP rankings

Main article: ATP rankings

In August 1973, the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) introduced its own rankings.[12] These mathematical merit-based rankings were published 11 times that year and with increasing frequency the following years until they were published weekly from 1979 onward.[13] In the 1970s and 1980s they did not take into account certain events, such as the Davis Cup, the WCT Finals and the year-end Masters (currently named the ATP Finals). Stan Smith, a leading player in the 1970s when ATP rankings started said "there was a great deal of conversation and tweaking during the formative years as to the weight of the various tournaments and even the weight of the rounds in the tournaments. The prize money per round was also debated in conjunction with the ranking points."[13] Since 1990 the ATP has awarded points for the ATP Finals.[14]

Disputed rankings

In the early years after the ATP rankings were introduced, other rankings proposed by tennis experts or by the players themselves were possibly more accurate because they included those events and adjusted the rankings to reflect the actual importance of particular tournaments. In 1977, Connors was No. 1 in the ATP ranking but Borg and Vilas were the men that received most No. 1 rankings from other sources. Since the 1990s, the ATP rankings have generally been accepted as the official rankings. Since 1978 the ITF (represented initially by a panel of experts consisting of Don Budge, Lew Hoad and Fred Perry) designated the yearly ITF World Champions.[a][15]

Some recent tennis writers provide rankings for certain players in the distant past on the basis of periods, for example Kramer ranked as No. 1 for the period 1946 to 1953. Notations will be made for annual No. 1 rankings derived from a period ranking.

List of No. 1 ranked players

1877–1911: National and world rankings

Early tennis era rankings are more variable in nature due to limited sourcing. Few contemporary worldwide rankings exist for this period.

Year Rankings and tournament results summary
1877

Rankings

Year summary
Gore was the Wimbledon champion.

1878

Rankings

Year summary
Hadow was the Wimbledon champion.

1879

Rankings

Year summary
Hartley was the Wimbledon champion.

1880

Rankings

Year summary
Hartley won the only match he played, against Lawford in the Wimbledon final.

1881

Rankings

Year summary
William Renshaw was the Irish and Wimbledon champion.

1882

Rankings

  • William Renshaw ranked British No. 1 by The "Field" Lawn Tennis Calendar.[20]

Year summary
William Renshaw was the Irish and Wimbledon champion, his brother Ernest being the challenger both times.

1883

Rankings

  • William Renshaw ranked British No. 1 by "The Field" Lawn Tennis Calendar.[21]

Year summary
William Renshaw won the only singles match he played at Wimbledon against Irish champion Ernest Renshaw.

1884

Rankings

  • William Renshaw ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[22]

Year summary
William Renshaw won the only singles match he played at Wimbledon against Irish champion Lawford.

1885

Rankings

  • William Renshaw ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[23]
  • Richard Sears ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
William Renshaw won the only singles match he played at Wimbledon against Irish champion Lawford.

1886

Rankings

  • William Renshaw ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[25]
  • Richard Sears ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
William Renshaw won the only singles match he played at Wimbledon against Irish champion Lawford.

1887

Rankings

  • Herbert Lawford ranked world No. 1 by the International Hall of Fame.[26]
  • Herbert Lawford ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[27]
  • Richard Sears ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Lawford beat Ernest Renshaw at Wimbledon and lost to him at the Irish.

1888

Rankings

Year summary
Ernest Renshaw was the Irish and Wimbledon champion. Hamilton was the Irish challenger, and the Northern England champion.

1889

Rankings

  • William Renshaw ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[30]
  • Henry Slocum ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Renshaw won the Wimbledon title. Hamilton beat William Renshaw at the Irish, won the Northern England title as well, but lost in the Wimbledon semis to Harry Barlow.

1890

Rankings

Year summary
Hamilton won Wimbledon, but lost to Pim in Liverpool and Lewis in Dublin (although he was the Irish champ, he had severe defeats by Pim and G. Chaytor).

1891

Rankings

  • Wilfred Baddeley ranked world No. 1 by the International Hall of Fame.[32]
  • Wilfred Baddeley ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[33]
  • Oliver Campbell ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Lewis won the Irish, Baddeley was the Wimbledon champion, but they did not meet. Both of them beat Pim, although Pim also beat Baddeley at the Northern Championships.

1892

Rankings

  • Ernest Renshaw ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[34]
  • Oliver Campbell ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Ernest Renshaw won the Irish, Baddeley was the Wimbledon champion but they did not meet.

1893

Rankings

Year summary
Pim won Wimbledon, the Irish and Northern England titles as well (first player to win all three titles in the same year). He defeated Baddeley twice.

1894

Rankings

  • Joshua Pim ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[36]
  • Robert Wrenn ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Pim defended his Wimbledon and Irish titles. Wilfred Baddeley was the Wimbledon challenger and won the Northern England title beating Pim.

1895

Rankings

  • Wilfred Baddeley ranked British No. 1 by the Pastime classification of British players.[37]
  • Fred Hovey ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Pim was the Irish champion demolishing Wilberforce Eaves, but he was absent from Wimbledon that Baddeley won narrowly beating Eaves.

1896

Rankings

  • Wilfred Baddeley and Harold Mahony ranked joint British No. 1 by The Lawn Tennis classification of British players (foreign and covered court tournaments were not taken into account).[38]
  • Robert Wrenn ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Baddeley beat Mahony both at the Irish and Northern England Championships, but lost to him at Wimbledon. John Pius Boland won the Olympic gold.

1897

Rankings

  • Reginald Doherty ranked world No. 1 by the International Hall of Fame.[39]
  • Wilfred Baddeley, Reginald Doherty and Wilberforce Eaves co-ranked British No. 1 by The Lawn Tennis classification of British players (foreign and covered court tournaments were not taken into account).[40]
  • Robert Wrenn ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Doherty was beaten by Irish champion Eaves in Dublin, by Baddeley at the Northern England Championships and by Mahony at an international match, however he beat all of them at Wimbledon. Wrenn beat Eaves at the U.S. but lost to Larned in Boston.

1898

Rankings

  • Laurence Doherty ranked world No. 1 by the International Hall of Fame.[41]
  • G. Chaytor, Laurence Doherty, Reginald Doherty, Wilberforce Eaves and Sydney Howard Smith co-ranked British No. 1 by The Lawn Tennis classification of British players (foreign and covered court tournaments were not taken into account).[42]
  • Malcolm Whitman ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Wimbledon champion Reginald Doherty lost to Irish Mahony in Dublin. Laurie Doherty defeated Mahony at Wimbledon, but lost the challenge round final to his brother.

1899

Rankings

  • Reginald Doherty and Sydney Howard Smith co-ranked British No. 1 by The Lawn Tennis classification of British players (foreign and covered court tournaments were not taken into account).[43]
  • Malcolm Whitman ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]
  • Reginald Doherty ranked No. 1 by Charles Voigt of Boston.[44]

Year summary
Reginald Doherty won both the Wimbledon and the Irish titles and had an unbeaten season. Whitman won all the important US tournaments, and according to Potter (in his Kings of the Court book) he played magnificently.[45][page needed]

1900

Rankings

  • Malcolm Whitman ranked world No. 1 by the International Hall of Fame.[46]
  • Reginald Doherty ranked British No. 1 by British author N. L. Jackson in the British players in the American Outing.[47]
  • Malcolm Whitman U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Doherty won both the Wimbledon and the Irish titles. Whitman won all the important US titles and demolished Gore in Davis Cup. Laurence Doherty won the Olympic gold.

1901

Rankings

Year summary
Doherty (defending Irish champion) lost his Wimbledon title to Gore. Larned was the best American in the absence of Whitman.

1902

Rankings

  • Laurence Doherty and Reginald Doherty co-ranked British No. 1 by The Lawn Tennis and Croquet classification of British players (some continental tournaments were also taken into account).[49]
  • William Larned ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Irish and Wimbledon champion Laurence Doherty was not selected for Davis Cup. U.S. champion Larned was 1–1 with Reginald, who did not play singles anymore in England.

1903

Rankings

  • William Larned ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Laurence Doherty won Wimbledon, the U.S. Championships and Davis Cup. Larned nearly beats Doherty at Davis Cup.

1904

Rankings

  • Laurence Doherty ranked British No. 1 by the Lawn Tennis and Badminton classification of British players (by the handicapper Simond).[50]
  • Holcombe Ward ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Laurence Doherty won Wimbledon. Ward won the U.S. Championships.

1905

Rankings

  • Laurence Doherty ranked No. 1 by the Lawn Tennis and Badminton classification of British players and the American and Australian visitor.[51]
  • Beals Wright ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Doherty was the Wimbledon champion. U.S. champion Wright beat Wimbledon challenger Brookes twice, but lost to Gore at Wimbledon.

1906

Rankings

Year summary
Laurence Doherty was the Wimbledon champion. Clothier won the U.S. Championships. Brookes won the Victorian Championships against Wilding but did not play outside Australia.

1907

Rankings

  • Norman Brookes ranked world No. 1 by the International Hall of Fame.[52]
  • William Larned ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Brookes was undefeated in Great Britain, he won Wimbledon, the Northern Championships and the Davis Cup preliminary and challenge rounds. Larned was the U.S. and Boston champion (both Clothier and Wright were absent).

1908

Rankings

  • William Larned ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Larned wan the U.S. and Boston champion. Brookes won the Davis Cup but lost his match to U.S. No. 2 Wright and narrowly beat Fred Alexander. Arthur Gore was the Wimbledon champion in a weak field. Gore won the Olympic indoor tennis gold medal while Josiah Ritchie won the Olympic outdoor tennis gold medal.

1909

Rankings

  • William Larned ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Larned was the U.S. and Boston and won all his Davis Cup matches. Anthony Wilding defeated Brookes at the Victorian Championships.

1910

Rankings

  • William Larned ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Larned was once again the U.S. and Boston champion (he was named the best player of the world next April by British journalist and author, A. E. Crawley).[53] Anthony Wilding was the Wimbledon champion.

1911

Rankings

  • Anthony Wilding ranked world No. 1 by the International Hall of Fame.[54]
  • William Larned ranked U.S. No. 1 by USTA.[24]

Year summary
Wilding barely defended his Wimbledon title. Brookes won the Australasian Championships and Davis Cup. Larned was the U.S. and Boston champion.

1912–present: Annual and year-end rankings

From 1912 sources are more detailed and better documented. All players who received a world number one ranking citation during the year are listed in the number one column.

Year No. 1 professional No. 1 amateur Sources of rankings and tournament results summary
1912 N/A  Norman Brookes (AUS)
 Rankings

Year summary

Wilding was the Wimbledon champion, but lost on wood to Gobert and Dixon. McLoughlin won the U.S. Championships.

1913
 Maurice McLoughlin (USA)
 James Cecil Parke (IRE)
 Anthony Wilding (NZL)		 Rankings

Year summary

Brookes only played in Australia and gave a walkover in the final of the Victorian Championships (then the most important tournament in Australia even ahead the Australasian Championship). Wilding won all three of the ILTF's World Championships – Wimbledon, the World Hard Court Championships (clay) and the World Covered Court Championships (indoor). Maurice McLoughlin won the U.S. Championships.

1914  Norman Brookes (AUS)
 Maurice McLoughlin (USA)
 James Cecil Parke (IRE)		 Rankings
  • Brookes ranked No. 1 by "Austral" (R. M. Kidston[63]), The Referee.[64]
  • McLoughlin ranked No. 1 by:
  • Parke ranked No. 1 by P. A. Vaile.[68]

Year summary

Norman Brookes won Wimbledon, Wilding won the World Hard Court Championships (clay).

1915–
1918		 World War I, no world rankings
1919 N/A  Bill Johnston (USA)
 Gerald Patterson (AUS)

Rankings

  • Johnston and Patterson co-ranked No. 1 by A. Wallis Myers.[69]

Year summary
Patterson won Wimbledon. Johnston won the U.S. Championships.

1920  Bill Tilden (USA)

Rankings

  • Tilden ranked No. 1 by:
    • A. Wallis Myers.[69]
    • "Austral" (R. M. Kidston), The Referee.[70]

Year summary
Bill Tilden won Wimbledon and the U.S. Championship.

1921  Bill Tilden (USA)

Rankings

Year summary
Bill Tilden won Wimbledon, the World Hard Court Championships (clay) and the U.S. Championships.

1922  Bill Johnston (USA)
 Bill Tilden (USA)

Rankings

Year summary
Bill Tilden won the U.S. Championships.

1923  Bill Tilden (USA)

Rankings

  • Tilden ranked No. 1 by:

Year summary
Johnston won two of the three International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) designated 'World Championships' – Wimbledon and the World Hard Court Championships (clay). Bill Tilden won the U.S. Championships.

1924  Bill Tilden (USA)

Rankings

  • Tilden ranked No. 1 by:
    • A. Wallis Myers.[84]
    • B. H. Liddell Hart.[85]
    • Samuel Brookman.[86]

Year summary
The U.S. Championships, from this year officially designated as a Major Championship by the ILTF,[87] was won by Tilden. The Olympic winner in Paris was Vincent Richards.

1925  Bill Tilden (USA)

Rankings

Year summary
Tilden won the U.S. Championships.

1926  René Lacoste (FRA)

Rankings

Year summary
Lacoste won the U.S. Championships.

1927  Karel Koželuh (TCH)
 Vincent Richards (USA)		  René Lacoste (FRA)

Rankings

Year summary
Lacoste won the French and U.S. Championships.

1928  Karel Koželuh (TCH)  Henri Cochet (FRA)

Rankings