Watch OS

watchOS
	A customized watch face on watchOS 6
Developer	Apple Inc.
Written in	C; C++; Objective-C; Swift; assembly language;
OS family	Unix-like, iOS
Working state	Current
Source model	Closed, with open-source components
Initial release	April 24, 2015; 8 years ago
Latest release	10.4 (March 7, 2024; 47 days ago) [±];
Latest preview	10.5 beta 3 (April 16, 2024; 7 days ago) [±]
Marketing target	Smartwatch
Available in	45 languages
Update method	OTA (via iPhone 5+ running iOS 8.2+)
Platforms	ARMv8-A (watchOS 5 and later); ARMv7-A (watchOS 1 – watchOS 8.8.1);
Kernel type	Hybrid (XNU)
Default; user interface	Cocoa Touch (GUI)
License	Proprietary software except for open-source components
Official website	apple.com/watchos

watchOS is the operating system of the Apple Watch, developed by Apple Inc. It is based on iOS, the operating system used by the iPhone, and has many similar features.^[5] It was released on April 24, 2015, along with the Apple Watch, the only device that runs watchOS. watchOS exposes an API called WatchKit for developer use.

The second version, watchOS 2, included support for native third-party apps and other improvements, and was released on September 21, 2015.^[6]^[7]^[8] The third version, watchOS 3, was released on September 13, 2016, to emphasize better performance and include new watch faces and stock apps. The fourth version, watchOS 4, was released on September 19, 2017. The fifth version, watchOS 5, was released on September 17, 2018,^[9] to add more third-party support and new workouts, along with the "Walkie-Talkie" feature.^[10] The sixth version, watchOS 6, was released on September 19, 2019.^[11] The seventh version, watchOS 7, was released on September 16, 2020, to support handwashing and sleep tracking.^[12]^[13] The eighth version, watchOS 8, was released on September 20, 2021, with updates in health monitoring, visuals, and apps.^[14] The ninth version, watchOS 9, was released on September 12, 2022. The tenth version, watchOS 10, was released on September 18, 2023.

Interface overview

The home screen (rendered by and also known as "Carousel")^[5] is composed of circular application icons, which can be zoomed in and out with the Digital Crown and dragged and launched by touching the display.

Prior to watchOS 3, Glances provided fast access to a summarized view of the most popular native or third-party applications used on Apple Watch.^[15] The Glances view was opened with a swipe-up gesture from the watch face screen. With watchOS 3, Glances were replaced by a redesigned Control Center – much like the one in iOS. The friends menu, invoked with the side button, now acts as a dedicated dock for apps.

Different actions and options appear depending on whether the user taps or deep-presses, which an Apple Watch detects with its pressure-sensitive (Force Touch) Display.^[16] Force Touch was completely removed in watchOS 7, and all actions requiring the feature were moved to specific options in the Settings app or to long-press actions.^[17]

Supported health metrics

Since its inception, watchOS has supported an increasing number and variety of health metrics for measurement and tracking. These include:

heart rate
maximal aerobic capacity, otherwise known as VO2 max (added in watchOS 4,^[18] enhanced in watchOS 7^[19]^[20]^[21])
electrocardiogram, otherwise known as EKG or ECG (added in watchOS 5.1.2^[22])
blood oxygen saturation, otherwise known as SpO2 (added in watchOS 7^[19])
menstrual cycle status (added in watchOS 6^[23])
sleep duration & respiratory rate tracking (added in watchOS 7^[24]^[25])

HealthKit

For several years, Apple has been developing its HealthKit product in an attempt to penetrate the lucrative healthcare and wellness industry, which CB Insights believe holds a huge growth opportunity for Apple.^[26] This was confirmed by Jony Ive, Apple's former chief designer, in an interview. He said that health was a crucial element in the Apple Watch since the day of its inception and that the developmental trajectory of the hardware and the watchOS were geared towards health-based capabilities.^[27] Ive pointed out that one of the primary apps that shipped with the first watchOS allowed users to track and communicate as well as encourage them to move, exercise, and stand. He said:

Many of us have our phones with us all the time, but they aren't connected to you. Imagine having something this powerful with you at all times, and what opportunities that might present to the user. The opportunity is phenomenal. Particularly when don't understand just where we are today in terms of technology and capability, but where we are headed.^[27]

Applications have been developed for watchOS that not only keep users active but also diagnose illnesses. For example, the app called DeepHeart, a deep-learning network that can detect atrial fibrillation, hypertension, sleep apnea, and diabetes.^[28] It taps into the HealthKit platform to collect data, particularly those collected by the Apple Watch's heart sensor.^[29]

Version history

Overview of watchOS versions
Version	Initial release date	Latest version	Release date	Device end-of-life
Version	Initial release date	Latest version	Release date	Apple Watch	iPhone
watchOS 1	April 24, 2015	1.0.1	May 19, 2015	—	—
watchOS 2	September 21, 2015	2.2.2	July 18, 2016		—
watchOS 3	September 13, 2016	3.2.3	July 19, 2017		5, 5C
watchOS 4	September 19, 2017	4.3.2	July 9, 2018	1st	—
watchOS 5	September 17, 2018	5.3.9	November 5, 2020	—	5S, 6
watchOS 6	September 19, 2019	6.3.0	December 14, 2020	Series 1, Series 2	—
watchOS 7	September 16, 2020	7.6.2	September 13, 2021	—	—
watchOS 8	September 20, 2021	8.8.1	June 21, 2023	Series 3	6S, SE (1st), 7
watchOS 9	September 12, 2022	9.6.3	September 21, 2023	—	8, X
watchOS 10	September 18, 2023	10.4	March 7, 2024	—	—
watchOS 10	September 18, 2023	10.5 beta 2	April 16, 2024	—	—
Legend: Obsolete Supported Current Beta

watchOS 1

The first version of watchOS 1 was 1.0 and was based on iOS 8.2. The second version of watchOS 1 was 1.0.1 and was based on iOS 8.3.

Table of versions: watchOS 1.x – Apple Watch

Watch family: 1st

watchOS version

iOS version based on

Build

Release date

Features

1.0

8.2^[30]

12S507

April 24, 2015; 8 years ago

Initial release on Apple Watch (1st Generation).

UI
- Free floating Circular app icons in home screen.
- Zoom in with Digital Crown.
9 watch faces:^[31]
- Chronograph
- Color
- Modular
- Utility
- Mickey Mouse
- Simple, Motion
- Solar
- Astronomy
20 stock apps:^[32]
- Activity.
- Alarm.
- Calendar.
- Camera Remote.
- Mail.
- Maps.
- Messages.
- Music.
- Passbook.
- Phone.
- Photos.
- Remote.
- Settings.
- Siri.
- Stocks.
- Stopwatch.
- Timer.
- Weather.
- Workout.
- World Clock.

1.0.1^[33]

8.3^[30]

12S632

May 19, 2015; 8 years ago

Display support for new Emoji characters.
Notification screen UI tweaks.
Improved performance:
- Free floating Circular app icons in home screen.
- Zoom in with Digital Crown.
- Siri.
- Measuring stand activity.
- Calculating calories for indoor cycling and rowing workouts.
- Distance and pace during outdoor walk and run.
- Accessibility.
- Third-party apps.
- Wrist Raise (more sensitive to real-life wrist raises).
Additional language support:
- Brazilian Portuguese.
- Danish.
- Dutch.
- Swedish.
- Russian.
- Thai.
- Turkish.
Security fixes^[34]

watchOS 2

Table of versions: watchOS 2.x – Apple Watch^[35]

Watch family: 1st

watchOS version

iOS version based on

Build

Release date

Features

2.0^[36]

9.0^[30]

13S344

September 21, 2015; 8 years ago

New Watch faces

Time-lapse face: Hong Kong, London, Mack Lake, New York, Shanghai, Paris
Photo & Photo album faces with support for Live Photos
New Time Travel function where you can see both past and future events
Nightstand Mode
9 new colors for customization
New multicolor Modular face
3rd party apps Complications support

Siri

Workout and Maps support
FaceTime audio calling and email replying support
HomeKit support
Added support in following countries: Austria, Belgium, Norway

Activity and Workout

Workouts done in 3rd-party apps will be included in Activity rings
Sharing support from Activity app on iPhone
Interactive achievements
Weekly Summary
Activity notifications can now be muted for a day
Workouts can now be automatically saved

Apple Pay and Wallet

Discover cards support
Reward cards, store credit and debit cards support
Passes can now be added from 3rd party apps

Friends

You can now add more than 12 friends to your Watch
Groups support
Multicolor sketches support
Animated emoji support

Maps

New Transit view in selected cities
List of directions can now be shown
Station placards support with departure information

Music

New Beats 1 Radio support
New Quick Play button for Apple Music

Miscellaneous

You can now reply to emails right from your Watch using dictation, emoji, or smart replies
Support for FaceTime audio calls
Support for Wi-Fi calling
Activation Lock – No one can activate an Apple Watch without a proper Apple ID and password
New system languages: English (India), Finnish, Indonesian, Norwegian, Polish
Dictation support extended to include the following languages:
- Dutch (Belgium)
- English (Ireland, Philippines, South Africa)
- French (Belgium)
- German (Austria)
- Spanish (Chile, Colombia)
Smart replies support extended to include the following languages:
- Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong, Taiwan)
- Danish
- Dutch
- English (New Zealand, Singapore)
- Japanese
- Korean
- Swedish
- Thai

Developer

Native SDK support
3rd-party apps can now access the accelerometer, heart rate sensor, microphone, Taptic Engine, and Digital Crown
You can now play videos directly on your Watch
You can now run apps without your iPhone with a Wi-Fi connection
Complications for watch faces support
Support for Workouts from 3rd party apps – Metrics will count toward the Activity rings as well as included in the Activity app on iPhone

2.0.1^[36]

9.1

13S428

October 21, 2015; 8 years ago

New emoji characters
Resolved: Software updates stalling
Resolved: Battery performance deteriorating
Resolved: iPhone calendar events not syncing to Apple Watch
Resolved: Location information not updating
Resolved: Instability with Live Photo on the Photos watch face
Resolved: Heart sensor is on forever when Siri is used to help measure your heart rate

2.1^[36]

9.2

13S661

December 8, 2015; 8 years ago

New system languages: Arabic, Czech, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Malay, Portuguese (Portugal), Vietnamese
Right-to-left language support
In Arabic, switch between Latin and Hindi numerals
New Complication for Islamic and Hebrew calendars
Siri support extended to include Arabic (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates)
Dictation support extended to include the following languages:
- Arabic (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates)
- English (Malaysia)
- Czech
- Greek
- Hebrew
- Hungarian
- Portuguese (Portugal)
- Vietnamese
Resolved: Events not updating in the Calendar complication
Resolved: Power Reserve mode not working correctly
Resolved: 3rd-party apps not launching
Resolved: 3rd-party app icons not displaying correctly
Resolved: System instability when changing display language

2.2^[36]

9.3

13V144

March 21, 2016; 8 years ago

You can now pair 2+ Apple Watches to a single iPhone
New Nearby function in Maps
New system languages: Catalan, Croatian, Slovak, Romanian, Ukrainian
Dictation support extended to include the following languages:
- Catalan
- Croatian
- Slovak
- Romanian
- Ukrainian
- English (Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Indonesia)
Siri support extended to include Malay, Finnish, and Hebrew
Background heart rate measurements have their frequency increased when you're stationary

2.2.1^[36]

9.3.2

13V420

May 16, 2016; 7 years ago

General performance and stability improvements.

2.2.2^[36]

9.3.3

13V604

July 18, 2016; 7 years ago

General performance and stability improvements.

watchOS 3

Table of versions: watchOS 3.x – Apple Watch^[37]

Watch family: 1st Series 1 Series 2

watchOS version

iOS version based on

Build

Release date

Features

3.0

10.0

14S326

September 13, 2016; 7 years ago

Initial Release on Apple Watch Series 1 (Dual-Core) and Apple Watch Series 2 (Dual-Core)

Navigation

Favorite apps in Dock
Apps in Dock updates with up-to-date information on launch
Dock can contain up to 10 apps
Simple switch to different watch face with a swipe
Control Center can be toggled with a swipe up

New Watch faces

Minnie Mouse face
Activity faces
Numerals faces
Complications support for Photo, Photo Album, Timelapse, and Motion faces
New Complications: Workout, Music, and Messages, etc.
Face Gallery in Apple Watch app on iPhone
3rd-party Complications support

Activity

Share and compare activity rings
Activity progress notifications for a person you have shared your activity progress with
Smart replies for above notifications
New "Sharing" tab on Activity app on iPhone

Workout

Quick start
Customizable metrics view
Gestures support for pausing, resuming, or marking segments
Support for "Other" workouts not listed in built-in workout types
Auto-pause in running workouts for inactivity
Siri support
Route maps with a speed indicator (Outdoor workouts only)

For Wheelchairs

Activity rings support for people using a wheelchair
Pushes now contribute to the move ring
Stand ring and "Time to Stand" notification substituted with Roll ring and "Time to Roll" notification
Outdoor Run or Walk pace workouts

Breathe app

New app for breathing sessions
Visualization and haptics indicate when to inhale or exhale
Adjustments for session length and amount of breaths per minute
Summary with heart rate
"Time to Breathe" notifications
Weekly Summary

Communication

Full-screen effects for celebrations
Tap to quick reply
Animations for handwritten messages
Send built-in or 3rd party stickers
Ability to view secret messages
Replies now available in Messages and Mail notifications
New and redesigned emojis

Scribble

Write directly on Apple Watch and it will automatically convert to text
Scroll through predictions with Digital Crown
Available in English, Simplified Chinese, and Traditional Chinese

Emergency SOS

You can now call emergency services by pressing and holding the side button
Your SOS contacts will be notified with your location
You can also display your Medical ID stored on your Watch
Emergency numbers are automatically adjusted per your location

Home

New app to control accessories through HomeKit
You can now control all your accessories directly from your wrist
IP camera support: Watch live video with controls and notifications directly on your Watch

Miscellaneous

New Reminders app
New Find My Friends app
Apple Pay support in 3rd-party apps
New controls in the Calendar app: You can now delete events or switch calendars
FaceTime audio calls support
Search for Settings on Apple Watch app on iPhone
New remote camera controls: Flash, Live Photos, HDR, Zoom, Burst, and facing
New Siri languages: Spanish (Chile), Cantonese, English (Ireland), English (South Africa)

3.1

10.1

14S471

October 24, 2016; 7 years ago

Bubbles and fullscreen effects on Messages can now be replayed
Reduce Motion of Messages effects
Resolved: "Timer complete" notification being delivered twice
Resolved: Apple Watch Series 2 not fully charged
Resolved: Disappeared Activity rings on watch faces
Resolved: Force Touch options not appearing in 3rd-party apps

3.1.1

10.2

14S883

December 12, 2016; 7 years ago

Update withdrawn due to reports of Apple Watches no longer working after the update^[38]

3.1.3

10.2.1

14S960

January 23, 2017; 7 years ago

Resolved: Bricking Apple Watches after updating to watchOS 3.1.1
Includes fixes from watchOS 3.1.1, including...
- Resolved: Contact names not appearing in notifications and the Messages app
- Resolved: Unable to respond notifications
- Resolved: Stocks Complication not updating on watch faces
- Resolved: Activity rings not displaying on Activity watch faces
- Resolved: Dials of Analog watch faces not displaying after changing the temperature unit in the Weather app
- Resolved: Maps app still launching after navigation has ended
- Resolved: Month view of Calendars app showing incorrect dates

3.2

10.3

14V249 Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Watch_OS
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