Turkish military intervention in Syria (August 2016 – March 2017) - Biblioteka.sk
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Turkish military intervention in Syria (August 2016 – March 2017)
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Operation Euphrates Shield
Part of the Turkey–IS conflict, the Rojava conflict, the military intervention against IS, and Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war

  Turkish-backed opposition control
  SDF control
  Syrian Army control
  Islamic State control
For a more detailed, up-to-date, interactive map, see here.
Date24 August 2016 – 29 March 2017
(7 months and 5 days)[13]
Location
Aleppo Governorate, Syria
ActionTurkey and allies secure control of Syria–Turkey border and region between Afrin and Manbij regions.
Result

Turkish and SNA victory[14]

  • Clashes erupt between Turkish-backed Syrian rebels and SDF, YPG withdraws to east of Euphrates[15] though Turkey disputes this[16]
  • 50,000 Syrian refugees in Turkey have returned to the areas which were taken under control since the beginning of the intervention.[17]
Territorial
changes
  • Turkish-backed Syrian rebels captured a total of 2,055 square kilometres (793 sq mi),[18] including 230 settlements,[19] increasing FSA-controlled territory in the region to 2,225 square kilometres (859 sq mi)[20]
  • Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant-held territory along the Turkish–Syrian border completely captured by the Turkish-backed rebels[21]
  • Turkish-backed rebels capture all settlements in the Jarabulus area from the SDF[22]
  • Turkish-backed rebels capture al-Bab from ISIL.[23]
  • The SDF is prevented from connecting the cantons.[24]
  • The SDF hand over some territory to the Syrian Army.[25][26]
    • Belligerents
     Turkey
    Syrian opposition Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army[1]
    Support:
     United States[a][2][3][4]
     Russia[a][5][6][7][8]
     United Kingdom[a][9]    		  Islamic State

    Syrian Democratic Forces[10]
    International Freedom Battalion[11]
    Support:
     United States[a][12]

     Syria (minor clashes)
    Support:
     Russia
    Commanders and leaders
    Turkey Lt. Gen. Zekai Aksakallı[27]
    (Operations chief commander)
    Turkey Lt. Gen. İsmail Metin Temel[28][29]
    (Second Army commander)
    Syrian opposition Col. Ahmed Othman[30]
    (Sultan Murad Division commander)
    Syrian opposition Fehim İsa[31]
    (Sultan Murad Division commander)
    Others
    • Syrian opposition Brig. Gen. Sayf Balud[32]
      (Hazma Division)
      Mahir Basha[33]
      (Muntasar Billah Brigade commander)
      Mustafa Cahit[33]
      (Muntasar Billah Brigade commander)
      Syrian opposition Mohammad Abu Ibrahim[34]
      (Levant Front field commander)
      Syrian opposition Mustafa Sejari[34]
      (Al-Moutasem Brigade political leader)
      Syrian opposition Abu Mohammed Kafr Zita[12]
      (Liberation Brigade commander)
      Mahmoud Abu Hamza[35]
      (Descendants of Saladin Brigade commander)
      Capt. Abdul Salam Abdul Razaq[35]
      Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement commander, until 28 January)
      Capt. Mohammed Abu Mustafa[36]
      (Sham Legion commander)
      Abu Jafer[37]
      (Brigade of Conquest commander)
      (Artillery base commander of Levant Front)
      Syrian opposition Yusuf Sibli
      (Qabasin Military Council commander)[citation needed]
      Syrian opposition Brig. Gen. Abdul Razaq Aslan[38]
      (Police force head)
      Syrian opposition Taha Atrach[citation needed]
      (1st Aleppo Division commander)
    DOW
    • Syrian opposition Ali Şeyh Salih[39] (DOW)[40]
      (Sultan Murad Division field commander)
      Syrian opposition Muhammad al-Gabi (DOW)[41][36]
      (Liberation Army commander)
    KIA
    • Abu Ansari[42]  †
      (Emir of al-Bab)
      Abu Hussein al-Tunusi[43]  †
      (ISIL southern Raqqa field commander)
      Abu Khalid Urduni[44] †
      (Amir of al-Bab)

    Muhammad Ahmed[45]
    (Jarabulus Military Council commander)

    Adnan Abu Amjad[46]
    (Manbij Military Council commander)
    Units involved
    Orders of battle
    Strength

    Turkey 4,000–8,000 troops[47][48][49]

    Unit Strengths
    Syrian opposition: 10,000–12,000 fighters[52][50][53][54]    		 5,000–7,000+ militants[49][55][56][57] Unknown
    Casualties and losses

    Turkey 71 killed[58]

    Syrian opposition 614 killed[59][60]    		 2,647 killed, 417 captured (per Turkey)[61]

    131+ killed (per SOHR and SDF)[62]

    425 killed, 37 captured (per Turkey)[61]
    30+ killed, 22 captured[63][64][65]
    540+ civilians killed (per SOHR)[66][67]