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The timeline of elections in Canada covers all the provincial, territorial and federal elections from when each province was joined Confederation through to the present day. The table below indicates which party won the election. Several provinces held elections before joining Canada, but only their post-Confederation elections are shown. These include:
- Lower Canada held 15 elections for its Legislative Assembly, from 1792 to 1835;
- Upper Canada held 13 elections to its Legislative Assembly, from 1792 to 1836;
- the Province of Canada held 8 elections for its Legislative Assembly from 1841 to 1863;
- New Brunswick's first 21 elections, beginning in 1785 (the 21st Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick was elected in 1866, one year before Confederation, and continued until 1870, three years after Confederation);
- Nova Scotia's first 22 elections, beginning in 1758;
- Prince Edward Island's first 25 elections, beginning in 1773; and
- Newfoundland's first 29 elections, beginning in 1832.
The most recent election is shown with a box limited to five years of government, as this is the maximum length of office, as set by the constitution. However, elections can be called at any time by an incumbent government. The federal government, nine provinces, and one territory have changed to fixed election dates every four years. For these legislatures, the box is shown as running until the next scheduled election, but one could still be earlier if the government falls due to a motion of no confidence. Nova Scotia and Yukon do not have fixed election dates in this matter.
Legend
Abbreviation | Party |
---|---|
Pre | Pre-Confederation |
BCL | British Columbia Liberal |
LIB | Liberal Party |
NDP | NDP |
CCF | CCF |
ASC | Alberta Social Credit |
UF | United Farmers |
SK | Saskatchewan Party |
BSC | British Columbia Social Credit |
PQ | Parti Québécois |
CON | Progressive Conservatives or historical Conservatives |
YU | Yukon Party |
CPC | Conservative Party |
UN | Union Nationale |
APC | Alberta Progressive Conservative |
CAQ | Coalition Avenir Québec |
Co. | Coalition |
N/A | Nonpartisan, and consensus government |
1867–1897
Year | BC | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NT | Federal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1867 | 1st Co.[1] [a] |
1st PC[2] |
1st [b] |
1st LIB[3] |
1st PC[4] | |||||
1868 | ||||||||||
1869 | ||||||||||
1870 | 1st N/A[5] |
2nd N/A |
(Temp. Council) | |||||||
1871 | 1st N/A[6] |
2nd LIB[1] |
2nd PC[2] |
2nd LIB[3] | ||||||
1872 | 2nd PC[7] | |||||||||
1873 | 26th PC[8] | |||||||||
1874 | 2nd N/A[5] |
3rd N/A |
3rd LIB[3] |
3rd LIB[9] | ||||||
1875 | 2nd N/A[6] |
3rd LIB[1] |
3rd PC[2] | |||||||
1876 | 27th PC[10] |
(First Council) | ||||||||
1877 | ||||||||||
1878 | 3rd[6] | 3rd[5] | 4th LIB [c] |
4th N/A |
4th PC[3] |
4th PC[11] | ||||
1879 | 4th PC[5] |
4th LIB[1] |
28th PC[12] | |||||||
1880 | ||||||||||
1881 | 5th PC[2] | |||||||||
1882 | 4th N/A[6] |
5th N/A |
5th LIB[3] |
29th PC[13] |
5th PC[14] | |||||
1883 | 5th PC[5] |
5th LIB[1] | ||||||||
1884 | ||||||||||
1885 | ||||||||||
1886 | 5th N/A[6] |
6th PC[5] |
6th LIB[1] |
6th LIB[2] |
6th N/A |
6th LIB[3] |
30th PC[15] | |||
1887 | 6th PC[16] | |||||||||
1888 | 7th LIB[5] |
1st N/A | ||||||||
1889 | ||||||||||
1890 | 6th N/A[6] |
7th LIB[1] |
7th LIB[2] |
7th N/A |
7th LIB[3] |
31st Co.[d][17] | ||||
1891 | 2nd N/A |
7th PC[18] | ||||||||
1892 | 8th LIB[5] |
8th PC[2] |
8th N/A | |||||||
1893 | 32nd LIB[19] | |||||||||
1894 | 7th N/A[6] |
8th LIB[1] |
8th LIB[3] |
3rd N/A | ||||||
1895 | 9th N/A | |||||||||
1896 | 9th LIB[5] |
8th LIB[20] | ||||||||
1897 | 9th LIB[2] |
9th LIB[3] |
33rd LIB[21] | |||||||
Year | BC | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | NT | Federal |