1989 South African general election

← 1987 6 September 1989 1994 →
166 of the 178 seats in the House of Assembly 84 seats needed for a majority
Registered	3,120,104
Turnout	69.48% ( 1.64pp)
First party Second party Third party   Leader F. W. de Klerk Andries Treurnicht Zach de Beer Party National Conservative Democratic Last election 52.70%, 123 seats 26.83%, 22 seats 16.12%, 20 seats[a] Seats won 94 39 33 Seat change 29 17 13 Popular vote 1,039,704 680,131 431,444 Percentage 48.19% 31.52% 20.00% Swing 4.51pp 4.69pp 3.88pp
Results by constituency
State President before election F. W. de Klerk National Elected State President F. W. de Klerk National

This article is part of a series on the
Politics of South Africa
Constitution Bill of Rights
Executive President Cyril Ramaphosa Deputy President Paul Mashatile Cabinet Departments Shadow Cabinet
Legislature National Council of Provinces Chairperson Amos Masondo National Assembly Speaker Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula Leader of the Opposition John Steenhuisen
Judiciary Chief Justice Ray Zondo Deputy Chief Justice Mandisa Maya Courts Constitutional Court Supreme Court of Appeal President: Mahube Molemela High Court Magistrate's courts Electoral Court
Elections General 1910 1915 1920 1921 1924 1929 1933 1938 1943 1948 1953 1958 1961 1966 1970 1974 1977 1981 1984 1987 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024 Municipal 2000 2006 2011 2016 2021 Referendums 1960 1983 1992 Political parties
Administrative divisions Provinces Districts Metropolitan municipality District municipality Municipalities (list)
Foreign relations Department of International Relations and Cooperation Minister: Naledi Pandor Diplomatic missions of / in South Africa Nationality law Passport Visa requirements Visa policy
Related topics Human rights National debt Political assassinations Protests Repression Social Welfare Taxation
Provincial Politics Politics of the Eastern Cape Politics of the Free State Politics of Gauteng Politics of KwaZulu-Natal Politics of Limpopo Politics of Mpumalanga Politics of the Northern Cape Politics of North West Politics of the Western Cape
South Africa portal Other countries
v t e

General elections were held in South Africa on 6 September 1989, the last under apartheid. Snap elections had been called early (no election was required until 1992) by the recently elected head of the National Party (NP), F. W. de Klerk, who was in the process of replacing P. W. Botha as the country's president, and his expected program of reform to include further retreat from the policy of apartheid. The creation of the Conservative Party had realigned the NP as a moderate party, now almost certain to initiate negotiations with the black opposition, with liberal opposition (the PFP) openly seeking a new constitutional settlement on liberal democratic and federalist principles.

Although the National Party won a comfortable majority of seats (94 of 166) in the House of Assembly, the governing party suffered a setback and received only 48% of the popular vote, the first elections since 1961 in which the NP failed to win a majority of the vote. However, the first-past-the-post system, and a severely fractured opposition as well as the twelve appointed and indirectly elected members entrenched the NP's majority, allowing it to comfortably remain in power.

The Conservative Party (CP), which opposed any form of power-sharing with other races, failed to accomplish a breakthrough beyond its conservative Afrikaner backing as some had expected, but remained the official opposition with 39 seats. By some estimates, the party had received the backing of a slim majority of Afrikaners particularly in the Orange Free State, once the NP's heartland, but with very limited support among English-speaking voters.^[1]

Before the elections, the liberal Progressive Federal Party (PFP) had dissolved itself and regrouped as the Democratic Party (DP), winning 33 seats, six seats short of retaking its position as the official opposition. In terms of vote share, it fell a quarter million votes behind the CP, but was favoured by its stronghold in the Cape Province and Natal.

House of Assembly (white)

The White Chamber of Parliament had 178 members, 166 of whom were directly elected (including a seat from Walvis Bay annexed from South West Africa, which was added in 1981) with 8 members indirectly elected by the directly elected members on the basis of proportional representation and four nominated by the State President (one from each province).^[2]

The results of the election were interpreted by the government (based on support for the NP and the DP together) as a mandate from the white electorate to reform the apartheid system and seek a compromise with the African National Congress and its leader Nelson Mandela. Mandela was released half a year later, and the 1989 elections were the last under the limited, whites-only franchise and the Tricameral Parliament introduced in 1984.

Of the twelve appointed and indirectly-elected seats, nine were taken by the National Party, two by the Conservative Party and one by the Democratic Party.^[3]

Two seats won by the Democratic Party were uncontested, while the National and Conservative parties were tied in the Orange Free State division of Fauresmith. A five-month court battle followed after the Free State Supreme Court ordered a recount, which eventually resulted in a majority of five votes for the National Party candidate.^[4]

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	National Party	1,039,704	48.19	94	−29
	Conservative Party	680,131	31.52	39	+17
	Democratic Party	431,444	20.00	33	+13
	Herstigte Nasionale Party	5,416	0.25	0	0
	Independents	898	0.04	0	–1
Presidential appointees				4	0
Indirectly-elected members				8	0
Total		2,157,593	100.00	178	0
Valid votes		2,157,593	99.52
Invalid/blank votes		10,336	0.48
Total votes		2,167,929	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		3,120,104	69.48
Source: Nohlen et al.[5]

Provincial breakdown

Province	National	Conservative	Democratic	Total
Transvaal	34	31	11	76
Cape	42	2	12	56
Natal	10	0	10	20
Orange Free State	8	6	0	14
Total	94	39	33	166

Cape Province

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=South_African_general_election,_1989
Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.

---



---

www.astronomia.sk | www.biologia.sk | www.botanika.sk | www.dejiny.sk | www.economy.sk | www.elektrotechnika.sk | www.estetika.sk | www.farmakologia.sk | www.filozofia.sk | Fyzika | www.futurologia.sk | www.genetika.sk | www.chemia.sk | www.lingvistika.sk | www.politologia.sk | www.psychologia.sk | www.sexuologia.sk | www.sociologia.sk | www.veda.sk I www.zoologia.sk

---

Constituency	Region	1987 result		1989 winning party					Turnout	Votes
				Party		Votes	Share	Majority		NP	DP	CP	HNP	Independents	Total
Albany	East		NP		DP	6,060	52.6%	687	69.3%	5,373	6,060				11,510
Algoa	East		NP		NP	7,094	62.7%	3,101	62.1%	7,094		3,993			11,315
Aliwal	East		NP		NP	4,419	62.5%	1,840	71.4%	4,419		2,579			7,066
Beaufort West	West		NP		NP	4,086	57.1%	1,067	80.2%	4,086		3,019			7,155
Bellville	West		NP		NP	6,607	66.8%	4,666	65.1%	6,607	1,326	1,941			9,896
Caledon	West		NP		NP	7,211	72.3%	4,605	71.1%	7,211	2,606				9,978
Cape Town Gardens	West		PFP		DP	5,975	63.0%	2,520	57.4%	3,455	5,975				9,484
Ceres	West