Secretary of Wisconsin Territory

Number of secretaries of state of Wisconsin by party affiliation^{[note 1]}
Party		Secretaries
	Republican	20
	Democratic	11
	Progressive	1

The secretary of state of Wisconsin is an officer of the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Wisconsin^[1] and the second in the order of succession of the governor of Wisconsin, behind the lieutenant governor.^[2] The secretary of state is responsible for keeping records of the official acts of the legislative and executive branches of Wisconsin's government and affixing the Great Seal of the State of Wisconsin to the official acts of the governor.^[1]

As second in the order of succession to Wisconsin's governorship, the secretary of state becomes governor if the governor dies, resigns or is removed from office while the lieutenant governorship is vacant; prior to a 1979 amendment to the Wisconsin Constitution, however, the secretary simply became acting governor if any of these events were to occur.^[2] No secretary of state has ever ascended to the governorship or acting-governorship under such circumstances.^[3] Both before and after the 1979 amendment, the secretary becomes acting governor while the governor is absent from the state, impeached or incapacitated in the absence of a lieutenant governor.^[2] Some secretaries of state have acted as governor for short periods of time under such circumstances.^[4]

Under the original terms of the state constitution, the secretary of state was elected for a two-year term on a separate ticket from the governor or any other official. A 1967 amendment increased the term of the secretary of state, as well as those of other state officials, to four years. There is no limit to the number of terms a secretary of state may hold.^[2] In the event of the death, resignation or removal from office of the secretary of state, the governor may appoint someone to fill the vacancy.^[5]

Twenty-eight individuals have held the office of secretary of state since Wisconsin's admission to the Union in 1848, two of whom—Fred Zimmerman and Douglas La Follette—served for non-consecutive terms. The first secretary of state was Thomas McHugh, who took office on June 7, 1848. The current secretary is Sarah Godlewski, who took office on March 17, 2023; her current term expires in 2027.^[3]^[6]

Secretaries of state

Secretaries of Wisconsin Territory

From 1836 until 1848, what is now Wisconsin was part of Wisconsin Territory.^[7] The Organic Act which created the territory provided for the office of a secretary, to be appointed by the president,^[1] whose duties consisted of recording the proceedings of the territory's legislature, and the laws it produced, as well as the proceedings of the territorial governor. Additionally, in the event of the inability of the governor to serve—due to death or various other circumstances—the secretary was to assume the governor's powers and carry out his duties.^[8]

Wisconsin Territory was formed on July 3, 1836.^[7] During the time of its existence, it had six territorial secretaries.^[9]

#	Name	Appointed^[10]	Left office^{[note 2]}	Territorial Governor	Appointed by
1	John S. Horner	April 30, 1836	February 16, 1837	Henry Dodge	Andrew Jackson
2	William B. Slaughter	February 16, 1837	January 25, 1841	Henry Dodge	Andrew Jackson
3	Francis J. Dunn	January 25, 1841	April 23, 1841	Henry Dodge	Martin Van Buren
4	Alexander Pope Field	April 23, 1841	October 30, 1843	Henry Dodge	John Tyler
4	Alexander Pope Field	April 23, 1841	October 30, 1843	James Doty	John Tyler
5	George R. C. Floyd	October 30, 1843	February 24, 1846	James Doty	John Tyler
				Nathaniel Tallmadge
				Henry Dodge
6	John Catlin	February 24, 1846	March 3, 1849^{[note 3]}	Henry Dodge	James Polk

Secretaries of state of Wisconsin

Wisconsin was admitted to the Union on May 29, 1848. Since then, it has had 29 secretaries of state, two of whom served non-consecutive terms.^[3]

Democratic Whig Republican Progressive Changed party

#	Name	Party	Took office	Left office^{[note 4]}	Governor	Terms^{[note 5]}
1	Thomas McHugh	Democratic	June 7, 1848^[12]	January 7, 1850	Nelson Dewey	1
2	William A. Barstow	Democratic	January 7, 1850^[12]	January 5, 1852	Nelson Dewey	1
3	Charles D. Robinson	Democratic	January 5, 1852^[12]	January 2, 1854	Leonard Farwell	1
4	Alexander T. Gray	Democratic	January 2, 1854^[12]	January 7, 1856	William Barstow	1
5	David W. Jones	Democratic	January 7, 1856^[12]	January 2, 1860	William Barstow	2
					Arthur MacArthur, Sr.
					Coles Bashford
					Alexander Randall
6	Louis P. Harvey^{[note 6]}	Republican	January 2, 1860^[12]	January 6, 1862	Alexander Randall	1
7	James T. Lewis	Republican	January 6, 1862^[12]	January 4, 1864	Louis Harvey	1
7	James T. Lewis	Republican	January 6, 1862^[12]	January 4, 1864	Edward Salomon	1
8	Lucius Fairchild	Republican	January 4, 1864^[12]	January 1, 1866	James Lewis	1
9	Thomas S. Allen	Republican	January 1, 1866^[12]	January 3, 1870	Lucius Fairchild	2
10	Llywelyn Breese	Republican	January 3, 1870^[12]	January 5, 1874	Lucius Fairchild	2
10	Llywelyn Breese	Republican	January 3, 1870^[12]	January 5, 1874	Cadwallader Washburn	2
11	Peter Doyle	Democratic	January 5, 1874^[12]	January 7, 1878	William Taylor	2
11	Peter Doyle	Democratic	January 5, 1874^[12]	January 7, 1878	Harrison Ludington	2
12	Hans B. Warner	Republican	January 7, 1878^[12]	January 2, 1882	William Smith	2
13	Ernst G. Timme	Republican	January 2, 1882^[12]	January 5, 1891	Jeremiah Rusk	4^{[note 7]}
13	Ernst G. Timme	Republican	January 2, 1882^[12]	January 5, 1891	William Hoard	4^{[note 7]}
14	Thomas J. Cunningham	Democratic	January 5, 1891^[12]	January 7, 1895	George Peck	2
15	Henry Casson	Republican	January 7, 1895^[12]	January 2, 1899	William Upham	2
15	Henry Casson	Republican	January 7, 1895^[12]	January 2, 1899	Edward Scofield	2
16	William H. Froehlich	Republican	January 2, 1899^[12]	January 5, 1903	Edward Scofield	2
16	William H. Froehlich	Republican	January 2, 1899^[12]	January 5, 1903	Robert La Follette, Sr.	2
17	Walter L. Houser	Republican	January 5, 1903^[12]	January 7, 1907	Robert La Follette, Sr.	2
17	Walter L. Houser	Republican	January 5, 1903^[12]	January 7, 1907	James Davidson	2
18	James A. Frear	Republican	January 7, 1907^[12]	January 6, 1913	James Davidson	3
18	James A. Frear	Republican	January 7, 1907^[12]	January 6, 1913	Francis McGovern	3
19	John S. Donald	Republican	January 6, 1913^[12]	January 1, 1917	Francis McGovern	2
19	John S. Donald	Republican	January 6, 1913^[12]	January 1, 1917	Emanuel Philipp	2
20	Merlin Hull	Republican	January 1, 1917^[12]	January 3, 1921	Emanuel Philipp	2
21	Elmer S. Hall	Republican	January 3, 1921^[12]	January 1, 1923	John Blaine	1
22	Fred R. Zimmerman	Republican	January 1, 1923^[12]	January 3, 1927	John Blaine	2
23	Theodore Dammann	Republican	January 3, 1927^[12]	January 7, 1935	Fred Zimmerman	4
					Walter Kohler, Sr.
					Philip La Follette
					Albert Schmedeman
	Theodore Dammann	Progressive	January 7, 1935^[14]	January 2, 1939	Philip La Follette	2
24	Fred R. Zimmerman	Republican	January 2, 1939^[15]	December 14, 1954^[3]	Julius Heil	71⁄3^{[note 8]}
					Walter Goodland
					Oscar Rennebohm
					Walter Kohler, Jr.
vacant			December 14, 1954	December 16, 1954	Walter Kohler, Jr.	1⁄3^{[note 9]}
25	Louis Allis	Republican	December 16, 1954^[3]	January 3, 1955	Walter Kohler, Jr.	1⁄3^{[note 10]}
26	Glenn M. Wise	Republican	January 3, 1955^[3]	January 7, 1957	Walter Kohler, Jr.	1^{[note 11]}
27	Robert C. Zimmerman	Republican	January 7, 1957^[16]	January 6, 1975	Vernon Thomson	8^{[note 12]}
					Gaylord Nelson
					John Reynolds
					Warren Knowles
					Patrick Lucey
28	Douglas J. La Follette	Democratic	January 6, 1975^[17]	January 3, 1979	Patrick Lucey	1
28	Douglas J. La Follette	Democratic	January 6, 1975^[17]	January 3, 1979	Martin Schreiber	1
29	Vel R. Phillips	Democratic	January 3, 1979^[18]	January 3, 1983	Lee Dreyfus	1
30	Douglas J. La Follette	Democratic	January 3, 1983^[19]	March 17, 2023	Tony Earl	11^{[note 13]}
					Tommy Thompson
					Scott McCallum
					Jim Doyle
					Scott Walker
					Tony Evers
31	Sarah Godlewski	Democratic	March 17, 2023	Incumbent^[20]	Tony Evers	1 ^{[note 14]}

Notes

^ Wisconsin has had 29 secretaries of state. Two served non-consecutive terms, and are thus counted twice in this table. Theodore Dammann changed his party and is therefore counted twice also.
^ When there is no evidence to the contrary, it is assumed that territorial secretaries left office the same day their successors were appointed.
^ Wisconsin became a state on May 29, 1848; however, portions of the territory which are now part of Minnesota were not included in the state; some were of the opinion that this area continued to be Wisconsin Territory. Henry Dodge took his seat as a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin on June 23, 1848, thus precluding the possibility that he continued to be the Territorial Governor. John Catlin therefore declared that, as Secretary, he was the acting governor of Wisconsin Territory, an office he exercised until the organization of Minnesota Territory on March 3, 1849.^[11]
^ When there is no evidence to the contrary, it is assumed that secretaries of state left office the same day their successors were sworn in. Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Secretary_of_Wisconsin_Territory
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[1] Wisconsin has had 29 secretaries of state. Two served non-consecutive terms, and are thus counted twice in this table. Theodore Dammann changed his party and is therefore counted twice also.

[12] When there is no evidence to the contrary, it is assumed that territorial secretaries left office the same day their successors were appointed.

[14] Wisconsin became a state on May 29, 1848; however, portions of the territory which are now part of Minnesota were not included in the state; some were of the opinion that this area continued to be Wisconsin Territory. Henry Dodge took his seat as a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin on June 23, 1848, thus precluding the possibility that he continued to be the Territorial Governor. John Catlin therefore declared that, as Secretary, he was the acting governor of Wisconsin Territory, an office he exercised until the organization of Minnesota Territory on March 3, 1849.^[11]

[15] When there is no evidence to the contrary, it is assumed that secretaries of state left office the same day their successors were sworn in. Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Secretary_of_Wisconsin_Territory
Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.

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