Sayyid Mir Fazlullah bin Sayyid Mir Hasan Naqshbandi (born in Kabul) was a Sunni Qutb, modern era supreme leader (Hazrat Ishaan) of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order, succeeding his sister Sayyida Bibi Siddiqah Begum in year 1914 as well as the highest Qadi (Qadi ul Qudhad) and Grand Mufti of the Emirate of Afghanistan.

He is known for being a mentor (Murshid) of Abdul Hamid II, for his Anti-Shiite and Anti-Ahmadi policies and for punishing Abdur Rahman Khan by flogging for drinking alcohol.^[1][2]

Ancestry

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah is a Sayyid (a descendant of Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah and his cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib). Among his ancestors are seven of the Twelve Imams, and in another lineage eleven of the Twelve Imams, Sayyid Bahauddin Naqshband, Sayyid Alauddin Atar, and Khwaja Khawand Mahmud (also known as Hazrat Ishaan) also.

After the Battle of Karbala, the ancestors of Sayyid Mir Fazlullah, known as Ahl al-Bayt went back to Medina.^[3] From there Musa al Kazim was forced to go to Iraq.^[4] The Musavis, i.e. the descendants of Musa al Kadhim, settled to Persia. One of them was Khwaja Sayyid Mir Ismail Muhammad Hakim, father of Khwaja Sayyid Mir Latif, an ancestor of Sayyid Mir Fazlullah. The descendants of Sayyid Mir Latif immigrated to Bokhara and after that to Kabul to guide the Muslims there, where Sayyid Mir Fazlullah was born.^[5][6]

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah's ancestors were as said also Askari Sayyids, i.e. descendants of Imam Hasan al-Askari, through his son Sayyid Ali Akbar,^[7] whose existence was hidden, because of political conflicts.^[8][9] Sayyid Ali Akbars descendants also migrated to Bokhara, where the prominent Sufi saint Bahauddin Naqshband, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order, was born.^[10][11] A descendant of Bahauddin Naqshband after 7 generations was Hazrat Ishaan,^[12][13] whose descendants later immigrated to variable regions of South Asia, like Khorasan, today known as Afghanistan in order to spread the Ishaqiyya Naqshbandiyya branch's teachings.^{[14][15][16][17]}

Family

His family was the highest authority of the descendants of Muhammad in Afghanistan, holding an office similar to that of the Naqib ul Ashraf in Iraq. Their title was Sayyid ul Sadaat.^[18]

His older brothers were Sayyid Mir Jan, the highest authority of the Naqshbandi Tariqa and Sayyid ul Sadaat Mir Sayyid Mahmud Agha, Deputy of Sayyid Mir Jan.

His family was especially known for their saintness and deep knowledge in Fiqh and Tariqah, which was transmitted from father to son from Muhammad. Furthermore, they initiated projects for the sake of disadvantaged people, especially orphan children. They were also inheritors of many historical relics, like clothing collections of Imam Hussein ibn Ali.^[19]

Lineage

He is a descendant of Muhammad's daughter and son-in-law Fatimah al-Zahra and Ali ibn Abi Talib through a line including Imamzadeh Hamzah

Career

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah was educated by his father Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Hasan in Afghanistan.^[20]

He became Qadi and was known for his stance on the prestige and enforcement of Sharia law.^[21][22]

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah was internationally acknowledged and was a spiritual retreat for Sultan Abdülhamit II.^[23]

In one of his visits to Istanbul, Ottoman Empire, he held a speech, that attracted the masses in such a way, that a sign of trance and ecstasy could be seen on the faces of the audience. Upon this Sultan Abdul Hamid II, asked Sayyid Mir Fazlullah to stay in Istanbul and to become the Grand Mufti. Sultan Abdulhamid II immediately sent a letter to Amir Habibullah to ask for his transfer to Istanbul. Amir Habibullah refused, since he himself and the Afghans were dependent on Sayyid Mir Fazlullah.^[24][25][26]

Private life and legacy

Dakik Family

Dakik Family (Persian: دقيق English: exact) is a persian-speaking noble family, belonging to the Telai cadet branch of the Afghan Royal Family. They are heading the Naqshbandi Sufi Order as hereditary descendants of Sayyid Mir Fazlullah Agha.^[27]

The Dakik Family are biological descendants of Sayyid Mir Fazlullah Agha whose granddaughter HRH Princess Sayyida Rahima Dakik is the family´s matriarch. She married with Prince Abdul Khalek Khan of the Telai cadet branch of the Afghan Royal Family, Afghanistan´s father of Physics, acting as Royal Afghan UN Ambassador. Prince Abdul Khalek Khan was a grandson of HRH Field Marshal Prince Abdul Aziz Khan Telai son of Emir Sultan Mohammed Khan Telai, who preceded his grand-nephew HM King Nadir Shah as Minister of War under HM King Amanullah Khan´s cabinett. Prince Abdul Khalek's younger uncle HRH Field Marshal Prince Amir Muhammad Khan Telai proclaimed himself Shah in Exile contesting his cousin Nadir Shah's rule with British-Indian support.^[28]

Prince Raphael Dakik a Lawyer and Lobbyist is known for his career as a freelance diplomat and political analyst, who analyzed the re-establishment of the Afghan Kingdom in cooperation with Swiss, US and Pakistani governmental institutions. His father Sultan Masood Dakik is the first Afghan to have received the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.^[29][30]

List of descendants

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah had two wives and two sons and was succeeded by his younger son Muhammad Jan as Hazrat Ishaan due to the pre-decease of his first born:^[31][32]

1.His Serene Highness Sayyid Mir Muhammad Jan (1900-1955), supreme leader of the Naqshbandiyya and General of the Royal Afghan Armed Forces

a)HRH Princess Rahima Dakik daughter of Sayyid Mir Muhammad Jan, supreme leader of the Naqshbandiyya based on her grandfather´s will, female Wali. She married the Afghan Royal HRH Prof. Prince Abdul Khalek Khan Telai.

 aa)HRH Sultan Masood Dakik (b.1967), son of Sayyida Bibi Rahima and Prince Abdul Khalek, Afghan Barakzai Prince, lobbyist, entrepreneur, philanthropist, married his cousin Sayyida Nargis (cc),  granddaughter of Sayyid Mir Muhammad Jan (1.), partnering with her husband as a manager and philanthropist.

b) HSH Sayyid Mir Assadullah (b. 1950), son of Mir Muhammad Jan and younger brother of Sayyida Bibi Rahima. Succeeding his father as supreme leader in the age of 8 alongside his older sister and married Bibi Sayyida Samira Begum.

 cc) HH Princess Nargis Dakik (b. 1978), married her cousin HRH Sultan Masood Dakik of Afghanistan (see above 1. a) aa)) ). Both live in Germany and have three children:

  aaa)HH Prince Raphael Dakik (b. 1998), Lobbyist
  bbb)HH Prince Matin Dakik (b.2000), Economist
  ccc)HH Prince Hamid Dakik (b. 2002), Engineering Student

2. His Serene Highness Sayyid Mir Sharif, died in his 20s and left no children.

See also

• Muhammad
• fourteen infallibles
• Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani
• Sayyid Ali Akbar
• Bahauddin Naqshband
• Hazrat Ishaan
• Ziyarat Naqshband Saheb
• Sayyid Moinuddin Hadi Naqshband
• Sayyid Mir Jan
• Sayyid Mahmud Agha

References