Roscommon County
County
Roscommon County Building in Roscommon
Location within the U.S. state of Michigan
Michigan's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 44°20′N 84°37′W / 44.33°N 84.61°W / 44.33; -84.61
Country	United States
State	Michigan
Founded	1840 (created) 1875 (organized)[1]
Named for	County Roscommon, Ireland
Seat	Roscommon
Largest settlement	Houghton Lake Roscommon (incorporated)
Area
• Total	580 sq mi (1,500 km2)
• Land	520 sq mi (1,300 km2)
• Water	60 sq mi (200 km2)  10%
Population  (2020)
• Total	23,459
• Density	47/sq mi (18/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district	1st
Website	roscommoncounty.net

Roscommon County (/rɒsˈkɒmən/ RAHS-comm-ən) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,459.^[2] The county seat is Roscommon.^[3] The county was founded in 1840 and organized in 1875.^[1]

History

The county was formed by the Michigan Legislature in 1840 as Mikenauk County,^[5] then renamed Roscommon County in 1843. It was administered by Michilimackinac (Mackinac), Cheboygan, and Midland counties, in succession, prior to the organization of county government in 1875.^[4] Roscommon County was named after County Roscommon, Ireland.^[1][6]

There are three official Michigan historical markers in the county:^[7]

• Gerrish
• Pioneer House
• Terney House^[8]

Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 580 square miles (1,500 km²), of which 520 square miles (1,300 km²) is land and 60 square miles (160 km²) (10%) is water.^[9] Roscommon County is considered to be part of Northern Michigan. Part of Michigan's Au Sable State Forest falls within the county. The US Forest Service's Roscoe Fire Management Unit includes Ogemaw and Roscommon Counties.

Geographic features

During prehistoric times, glacial action helped shape the Michigan-area terrain. A large portion of the area is the Grayling outwash plain, which includes sandy ice-disintegration ridges; jack pine barrens, white pine-red pine forest, and northern hardwood forest. Large lakes were created by glacial action.^[10]

Prominent geographic features include:

• Au Sable River
• Backus Creek
• Cut River
• Dead Stream Flooding
• Higgins Lake
• Houghton Lake
• Houghton Lake Flats
• Lake St. Helen
• Marl Lake
• Roscommon Virgin Pine Stand – a 160-acre (650,000 m²) parcel within the Au Sable State Forest, 8 miles (13 km) north of St. Helen, Michigan, and 8 miles east of Roscommon. An old-growth stand of red pine, which includes a former national champion red pine.^[11]
• Underground oil deposits

Major highways

• I-73 (future)
• I-75 – runs south, SE, and east through the NE middle portion of county.
• US 127 – runs north–south through west portion of county. Passes on west side of Higgins and Houghton Lakes.
• M-18 – runs north–south through center of county. Passes Roscommon and Prudenville. Leaving Roscommon, runs east along north line of county for 5.6 miles (9.0 km) before turning to NE.
• M-55 – runs east–west through center of county to intersection with I75, 7 miles (11 km) west of east line of county.
• M-157 – short (1.1 mi; 1.8 km) north-south spur connecting M18 to M55, east of Houghton Lake.
• F-18 – runs south from Prudenville. Exits the county on the line between Clare and Gladwin counties.^[12]

Airports

• Houghton Lake State Airport is located in Roscommon Township.
• Roscommon County–Blodgett Memorial Airport is located in Markey Township.

Adjacent counties

Communities

Village

• Roscommon (county seat)

Civil townships

Census-designated places

• Houghton Lake
• Prudenville
• St. Helen

Other unincorporated communities

Demographics

At the 2000 United States census,^[18] there were 25,469 people, 11,250 households, and 7,616 families residing in the county. The population density was 49 people per square mile (19 people/km²). There were 23,109 housing units at an average density of 44 per square mile (17/km²). By the 2020 census, the county's population was 23,459.

In 2000, the racial makeup of the county was 97.99% White, 0.32% Black or African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, and 0.72% from two or more races. 0.80% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24.4% were of German, 12.7% English, 9.9% Irish, 9.2% Polish, 9.2% American and 6.7% French ancestry. 97.2% spoke English as their first language. Those citing "American" ancestry in Roscommon County are of overwhelmingly English extraction, however most English Americans identify simply as having American ancestry because their roots have been in North America for so long, in some cases since the 1600s.^{[19][20][21][22][23]}

Attractions and events

The community is centered in the area of two very large lakes, in the middle of large state forests. Wildlife are nearby, including bear, deer, eagles, Kirtland's warblers, and turkeys. Local attractions and activities include:

• Birding
• Bluegill Festival each summer in St. Helen
• Boating, paddling (canoe and kayak)
• Firemen's Memorial Festival, an annual event (September) since 1979.^[24]
• Fishing
• Golf
• Hiking
• Hunting
• Kirtland Warbler Habitat and Festival is an annual (held in May) event hosted by Kirtland Community College.^[25]
• Michigan Shore-to-Shore Trail, a 500-mile (800 km) system of interconnected trails, passes through the area. It runs from Empire to Oscoda, and points beyond.^[26]
• Nordic skiing
• ORV and groomed snowmobile trails
• Sailing
• Tip-up-town winter festival, Houghton Lake, an annual event (held in January).^[27]

Government

Roscommon County voters tend to vote Republican; they have selected the Republican Party nominee in 74% of national elections (25 of 34).