Rochester Institute of Technology

Former names	Rochester Athenæum (1829–1891) The Mechanics Institute (1885–1891) Rochester Athenaeum and Mechanics Institute (1891–1944)
Type	Private research university
Established	1829; 195 years ago (1829)
Academic affiliation	AITU RAC NAICU Space-grant
Endowment	$1.274 billion (FY23)[1]
President	David C. Munson, Jr
Provost	Prabu David
Academic staff	1,547 (Full-time, part-time, adjunct)[2]
Administrative staff	2,642[2]
Students	20,570[2]
Undergraduates	17,528[2]
Postgraduates	3,042[2]
Location	Henrietta , New York , United States 43°05′05″N 77°40′34″W / 43.08472°N 77.67611°W / 43.08472; -77.67611
Campus	Suburban 1,300 acres (5.3 km2)
Colors	Orange, white, and black[3]
Nickname	Tigers
Sporting affiliations	NCAA Liberty League AHC CHA MAISA USCSA
Mascot	RITchie the Tiger[4][5]
Website	www.rit.edu

The Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) is a private research university in Rochester, New York. It was founded in 1829.

RIT enrolls about 19,000 students, of whom 16,000 are undergraduate and 3,000 are graduate students. These students come from all 50 states in the United States and more than 100 countries. The university has more than 4,000 faculty and staff. It also has branches abroad in China, Croatia, Kosovo, and the United Arab Emirates.

The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".^[6] Eleven RIT alumni, affiliates, and faculty members have been recipients of the Pulitzer Prize, winning a total of 15 prizes.^[7]

History

The university began as a result of an 1891 merger between Rochester Athenæum, a struggling literary society founded in 1829 by Colonel Nathaniel Rochester and associates, and The Mechanics Institute, a Rochester school of practical technical training for local residents founded in 1885 by a consortium of local businessmen including Captain Henry Lomb, co-founder of Bausch & Lomb. The name of the merged institution at the time was called Rochester Athenæum and Mechanics Institute (RAMI). The Mechanics Institute was considered as the surviving school and took over The Rochester Athenaeum's 1829 founding charter. From the time of the merger until 1944, many of its students, administration and faculty staff alike, not only celebrated the former Mechanics Institute's 1885 founding charter, but its former name as well. In 1944, the school changed its name to Rochester Institute of Technology, re-established The Athenaeum's 1829 founding charter and became a full-fledged research university.

The university originally resided within the city of Rochester, New York, proper, on a block bounded by the Erie Canal, South Plymouth Avenue, Spring Street, and South Washington Street (approximately 43°09′09″N 77°36′55″W / 43.152632°N 77.615157°W / 43.152632; -77.615157). Its art department was originally located in the Bevier Memorial Building. By the middle of the twentieth century, RIT began to outgrow its facilities, and surrounding land was scarce and expensive; additionally, in 1959, the New York Department of Public Works announced a new freeway, the Inner Loop, was to be built through the city along a path that bisected the university's campus and required demolition of key university buildings. In 1961, a donation of $3.27 million from local Grace Watson, for whom RIT's dining hall was later named, allowed the university to purchase land for a new 1,300-acre (5.3 km²) campus several miles south along the east bank of the Genesee River in suburban Henrietta. Upon completion in 1968, the university moved to the new suburban campus, where it resides today.^[8][9]

In 1966, RIT was selected by the federal government to be the site of the newly founded National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID).^[10] NTID admitted its first students in 1968, concurrent with RIT's transition to the Henrietta campus.^[11]

In 1979, RIT took over Eisenhower College, a liberal arts college located in Seneca Falls, New York.^[12] Despite making a 5-year commitment to keep Eisenhower open, RIT announced in July 1982 that the college would close immediately. One final year of operation by Eisenhower's academic program took place in the 1982–83 school year on the Henrietta campus. The final Eisenhower graduation took place in May 1983 back in Seneca Falls.^[13]

The microelectronic engineering program, created in 1982 and the only ABET-accredited undergraduate program in the country,^[14] was the nation's first Bachelor of Science program specializing in the fabrication of semiconductor devices and integrated circuits. In 1990, RIT started its first PhD program, in imaging science – the first PhD program of its kind in the U.S.^[13] The information technology program was the first nationally recognized IT degree, created in 1993.^[15] In 1996, RIT became the first college in the U.S. to offer a Software Engineering degree at the undergraduate level.^[16]

Campus

The main campus is housed on a 1,300 acres (5.3 km²) property. This property is largely covered with woodland and fresh-water swamp making it a very diverse wetland that is home to a number of somewhat rare plant species. The campus comprises 237 buildings and 5.1 million square feet (470,000 m²) of building space. The nearly universal use of bricks in the campus's construction – estimated at 15,710,693 bricks as of August 6, 2018^[17] – prompted students to give it the semi-affectionate nickname "Brick City," reflected in the name of events such as the annual "Brick City Homecoming." Though the buildings erected in the first few decades of the campus's existence reflected the architectural style known as brutalism, the warm color of the bricks softened the impact somewhat. More recent additions to the campus have diversified the architecture while still incorporating the traditional brick colors. The main campus was listed as a census-designated place in 2020.^[18]

In 2009, the campus was named a "Campus Sustainability Leader" by the Sustainable Endowments Institute.^[19]

The residence halls and the academic side of campus are connected with a walkway called the "Quarter Mile". Along the Quarter Mile, between the academic and residence hall side are various administration and support buildings. On the academic side of the walkway is a courtyard, known as the Infinity Quad due to a striking polished stainless steel sculpture (by Jose' de Rivera, 1968, 19'×8'×21⁄2') of a continuous ribbon-like Möbius strip (commonly referred to as the infinity loop because if the sun hits the strip at a certain angle it will cast a shadow in the shape of an infinity symbol on the ground) in the middle of it; on the residence hall side is a sundial and a clock. These symbols represent time to infinity.^{[dubious – discuss]} The Quarter Mile is actually 0.41 mi (0.66 km) long when measured between the mobius sculpture and the sundial. The name predates a Sigma Pi Fraternity fundraiser called Quarter the Quarter-Mile, where donated quarters were lined up from the sundial to the Infinity Sculpture.^[20] Standing near the Administration Building and the Student Alumni Union is The Sentinel, a steel structure created by the acclaimed metal sculptor, Albert Paley. Reaching 70 feet (21 m) high and weighing 110 tons, the sculpture is the largest on any American university campus. There are four RIT-owned apartment complexes: Global Village, Perkins Green, Riverknoll and University Commons.

Along the Quarter Mile is the Gordon Field House, a 160,000 sq ft (15,000 m²), two-story athletic center. Opened in 2004 and named in honor of Lucius "Bob" Gordon and his wife Marie, the Field House hosts numerous campus and community activities, including concerts, career fairs, athletic competitions, graduations, and other functions. Other facilities between the residence halls and academic buildings include the Hale-Andrews Student Life Center, Student Alumni Union, Ingle Auditorium, Clark Gymnasium, Frank Ritter Memorial Ice Arena, and the Schmitt Interfaith Center.

Art on campus

The RIT Art Collection, part of the RIT Archive Collections at RIT Libraries, comprises thousands of works, including hundreds by RIT faculty, students, and alumni. The collection grows every year through the Purchase Prize Program, which enables the university to purchase select art works from students in the School of Art and Design, the School for American Crafts, and the School of Photographic Arts and Sciences.^[21]

Many pieces from the collection are on public display around campus, including:

• Sentinel – a 73-foot-tall sculpture created by the acclaimed metal sculptor, Albert Paley, located on Administration Circle.^[22]
• Growth and Youth – a set of two murals by Josef Albers located in the lobby of the George Eastman Building.^[23]
• Principia – a mural by Larry Kirkland that is etched into the black granite floor of the atrium in the College of Science (Gosnell Hall).^[24] The work features illustrations, symbols, formulae, quotes, and images representing milestones in the history of science.^[25]
• Three Piece Reclining Figure No. 1 – a bronze sculpture by English artist Henry Moore located in Eastman Kodak Quad.^[26]
• Grand Hieroglyph – a 24-foot-long tapestry by Shiela Hicks located in the George Eastman Building.
• Sundial – a sculpture by Alistair Bevington located on the Residence Quad.^[27]
• The Monument to Ephemeral Facts – a mixed media sculpture by Douglas Holleley located in Wallace Library.^[28]
• Unity – a 24-foot-tall stainless steel sculpture sited between the College of Art and Design, the College of Engineering Technology, and the College of Engineering.^[29]

Demographics

The RIT campus is a census-designated place (CDP) with a population of 7,322.^[30]

Rochester Institute of Technology CDP, New York – Demographic Profile (NH = Non-Hispanic)

Race / Ethnicity	Pop 2020[31]	% 2020
White alone (NH)	4,728	64.57%
Black or African American alone (NH)	384	5.24%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	14	0.19%
Asian alone (NH)	1,232	16.83%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	0	0.00%
Some Other Race alone (NH)	45	0.61%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH)	357	4.88%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	562	7.68%
Total	7,322	100.00%

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

Organization and administration

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2018)

As of 2017, the president is David C. Munson Jr., formerly the dean of engineering at the University of Michigan. Munson, the university's tenth president, took office on July 1, 2017, replacing William W. Destler, who retired after 10 years at RIT.^[32] Prabu David, formerly vice provost at Michigan State University, was named provost in August 2023.^[33] He replaced Ellen Granberg, the first woman to serve in that role at RIT.

The school is also a member of the Association of Independent Technological Universities.

Colleges

RIT has nine colleges:^[34]

• College of Art and Design
• Saunders College of Business
• Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences
• Kate Gleason College of Engineering
• College of Engineering Technology
• College of Health Sciences and Technology
• College of Liberal Arts
• National Technical Institute for the Deaf
• College of Science

There are also two smaller academic units that grant RIT degrees but do not have full college faculties:

• Golisano Institute for Sustainability
• School of Individualized Study

In addition to these colleges, RIT operates three branch campuses in Europe, one in the Middle East and one in East Asia:

• RIT Croatia (formerly the American College of Management and Technology) in Dubrovnik and Zagreb, Croatia
• RIT Kosovo (formerly the American University in Kosovo) in Pristina, Kosovo
• RIT Dubai in Dubai, United Arab Emirates^[35]
• RIT China - Weihai

Academics

The university is chartered by the New York state legislature and accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.^[36][37] The university offers more than 200 academic programs, including seven doctoral programs across its nine constituent colleges.^[38][39] In 2008–2009, RIT awarded 2,483 bachelor's degrees, 912 master's degrees, 10 doctorates, and 523 other certificates and diplomas.^[40]

The four-year, full-time undergraduate program constitutes the majority of enrollments at the university and emphasizes instruction in the "arts & sciences/professions."^[6] RIT is a member of the Rochester Area College consortium, which allows students to register at other colleges in the Rochester metropolitan area without tuition charges.^[39] RIT's full-time undergraduate and graduate programs used to operate on an approximately 10-week quarter system with the primary three academic quarters beginning on Labor Day in early September and ending in late May.^[39] In August 2013, RIT transitioned from a quarter system to a semester system.^[41] The change was hotly debated on campus, with a majority of students opposed according to an informal survey; Student Government also voted against the change.^[42]

Among the eight colleges, 6.8% of the student body is enrolled in the Saunders College of Business, 15.0% in the Kate Gleason College of Engineering, 4.3% in the College of Liberal Arts, 25.4% in the College of Applied Science and Technology, 18.0% in the B. Thomas Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences, 13.9% in the College of Imaging Arts and Science, 5.7% in the National Technical Institute for the Deaf, and 9.2% in the College of Science.^[43] The five most commonly awarded degrees are in Business Administration, Engineering Technology, School of Photographic Arts & Sciences, School of Art and Design, and Information Technology.^[44]

RIT has struggled with student retention, although the situation has improved during president Destler's tenure. 91.3% of freshmen in the fall of 2009 registered for fall 2010 classes, which Destler noted as a school record.^[45]

Student body

Demographics of student body^[46][47]

	Undergraduate	Graduate	U.S. census
African American	6.1%	4.9%	12.6%
Asian American	6.9%	6.9%	4.8%
White American	76.5%	80.4%	63.7%
Hispanic American	7.3%	6.0%	16.4%
Multiple Races	2.9%	1.4%	2.9%
Native American	0.2%	0.4%	0.9%
International student	778	1,472	N/A

RIT enrolled 13,711 undergraduate and 3,131 graduate students in fall 2015.^[43] Admissions are characterized as "more selective, higher transfer-in" by the Carnegie Foundation.^[6] RIT received 12,725 applications for undergraduate admission in Fall 2008, 60% were admitted, 34% enrolled, and 84% of students re-matriculated as second-year students. The interquartile range on the SAT was 1630–1910. 26% of students graduated after four years and 64% after six years.^[48] As of 2013, the 25th–75th percentile SAT scores are 540–650 Critical Reading, 570–680 Math, and 520–630 Writing—the average composite score being 1630–1960.

Academic rankings
National
Forbes[49]	217
U.S. News & World Report[50]	98
Washington Monthly[51]	218
WSJ/College Pulse[52]	161
Global
U.S. News & World Report[53]	639

Rankings

U.S. News & World Report, 2023 Graduate Rankings[54]
Biological Sciences	119
Business	112
Computer Science	77
Engineering	63
Fine Arts	23
Health Care Management	65
Online MBA	9
Photography	6
Physician Assistant	188
Physics	78

In 2017, RIT was ranked No. 97 (tie) in the National Universities category by U.S. News & World Report.^[55] Business Insider ranked RIT No. 14 in Northeast and No. 36 in the country for Computer Science.^[56][57] RIT was ranked among the top 50 national universities in a national survey of "High School Counselors Top College Picks".^[58] RIT's Saunders College of Business ranked No. 26 in the United States for "Best Online MBA Programs" for the online executive MBA program by U.S. News & World Report.^[59] Times Higher Education/The Wall Street Journal ranked the MBA program at Saunders College of Business No. 54 among business colleges and universities around the world for the year 2019.^[60] RIT was ranked among the top 20 universities recognized for excellent co-operative learning and internship programs.^[61] It was further placed at No. 24 in the top 30 universities for Computer Science with the best Returns on Investment (ROI) in the US.^[62]

The Princeton Review ranked RIT No. 8 nationally for "top schools for video game design for 2019" in undergraduate programs^[63] and No. 7 in graduate programs.^[64] Among the top 75 universities for Video Game Design in the US, RIT was ranked No. 4.^[65]

Co-op program

RIT's co-op program, which began in 1912, is the fourth-oldest in the world. It is also the fifth-largest in the nation,^[66] with approximately 3,500 students completing a co-op each year at over 2,000 businesses.^[67] The program requires (or allows, depending on major) students to work in the workplace for up to five quarters alternating with quarters of class. The amount of co-op varies by major, usually between 3 and 5 three-month "blocks" or academic quarters. Many employers prefer students to co-op for two consecutive blocks, referred to as a "double-block co-op". During a co-op, the student is not required to pay tuition to the school and is still considered a "full time" student.

Library and special collections

The Cary Graphic Arts Collection contains books, manuscripts, printing type specimens, letterpress printing equipment, documents, and other artifacts related to the history of graphic communication.^[68] RIT Archives document more than 180 years of the university's history, and students in the Museum Studies program frequently work with these artifacts and help create exhibitions.^[69] The RIT/NTID Deaf Studies Archive preserves and illustrates the history, art, culture, technology, and language of the Deaf community.^[70] The RIT Art Collection contains thousands of works showcasing RIT's visual arts curriculum.^[21]

Vignelli Center for Design Studies

The Vignelli Center for Design Studies was established in 2010 and houses the archives of Italian designers Massimo and Lella Vignelli.^[71] The center is a hub for design education, scholarship and research.^[72]

ESL Global Cybersecurity Institute

Founded in 2020, the Global Cybersecurity Institute was funded in part by a $50 million gift from RIT alumnus Austin McChord.^[73] The gift also funded four named endowments for students and cybersecurity researchers.^[74] In 2022, the Institute received a $3 million naming gift from ESL Federal Credit Union, a Rochester-area company that provides banking and wealth management services.^[75]

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