New York City Ballet
General information
Name	New York City Ballet
Previous names	American Ballet Ballet Caravan American Ballet Caravan The Ballet Society
Year founded	1948; 76 years ago (1948)
Founders	George Balanchine Lincoln Kirstein
Founding choreographers	George Balanchine Jerome Robbins
Principal venue	David H. Koch Theater Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts New York City Saratoga Performing Arts Center, Saratoga Springs, New York
Website	www.nycballet.com
Artistic staff
Artistic Director	Jonathan Stafford (and Wendy Whelan, Associate Artistic Director)
Ballet Master	Rosemary Dunleavy
Music Director	Andrew Litton
Other
Orchestra	The New York City Ballet Orchestra
Official school	School of American Ballet
Associated schools	New York Choreographic Institute
Formation	Principal Dancer Soloist Corps de Ballet

New York City Ballet (NYCB) is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine^[1] and Lincoln Kirstein.^[2] Balanchine and Jerome Robbins are considered the founding choreographers of the company. Léon Barzin was the company's first music director. City Ballet grew out of earlier troupes: the Producing Company of the School of American Ballet,^[3] 1934; the American Ballet,^[4] 1935, and Ballet Caravan, 1936, which merged into American Ballet Caravan,^[5] 1941; and directly from the Ballet Society,^[6][7] 1946.

History

In a 1946 letter, Kirstein stated, "The only justification I have is to enable Balanchine to do exactly what he wants to do in the way he wants to do it."^[8] He served as the company's General Director from 1946 to 1989, developing and sustaining it by his organizational and fundraising abilities.^[8]

The company was named New York City Ballet in 1948 when it became resident at City Center of Music and Drama.^[9][10] Its success was marked by its move to the New York State Theater, now David H. Koch Theater, designed by Philip Johnson to Balanchine's specifications. City Ballet became the first ballet company in the United States to have two permanent venue engagements: one at Lincoln Center's David H. Koch Theater on 63rd Street in Manhattan, and another at the Saratoga Performing Arts Center, in Saratoga Springs, New York. The School of American Ballet (S.A.B.), which Balanchine founded, is the training school of the company.

After the company's move to the State Theater, Balanchine's creativity as a choreographer flourished. He created works that were the basis of the company's repertory until his death in 1983. He worked closely with choreographer Jerome Robbins, who resumed his connection with the company in 1969 after having produced works for Broadway.

NYCB still has the largest repertoire by far of any American ballet company. It often stages 60 ballets or more in its winter and spring seasons at Lincoln Center each year, and 20 or more in its summer season in Saratoga Springs. City Ballet has performed The Nutcracker, Romeo and Juliet, A Midsummer Night's Dream, and many more. City Ballet has trained and developed many great dancers since its formation. Many dancers with already developed reputations have also joined the ballet as principal dancers:

Salute to Italy

In 1960, Balanchine mounted City Ballet's Salute to Italy with premieres of Monumentum pro Gesualdo and Variations from Don Sebastian (called the Donizetti Variations since 1961), as well as performances of his La Sonnambula and Lew Christensen's Con Amore. The performance was repeated in 1968.

Stravinsky Festival

In 1972, Balanchine offered an eight-day tribute to the composer, his great collaborator, who had died the year before. His programs included twenty-two new works of his own dances, plus works by choreographers Todd Bolender, John Clifford, Lorca Massine, Jerome Robbins, Richard Tanner, and John Taras, as well as repertory ballets by Balanchine and Robbins. Balanchine created Symphony in Three Movements, Duo Concertant, and Violin Concerto for the occasion. He and Robbins co-choreographed and performed in Pulcinella. Balanchine had produced an earlier Stravinsky festival in 1937 as balletmaster of the American Ballet while engaged by the Metropolitan Opera. The composer conducted the April 27th premiere of Card Party.

Ravel Festival

In 1975, Balanchine paid his respects to the French composer Maurice Ravel with a two-week Hommage à Ravel. Balanchine, Robbins, Jacques d'Amboise, and Taras made sixteen new ballets for the occasion. Repertory ballets were performed as well. High points included Balanchine's Le Tombeau de Couperin and Robbins' Mother Goose.

Tschaikovsky Festival

In 1981, Balanchine planned a two-week NYCB festival honoring the Russian composer Peter Ilyitch Tschaikovsky. Balanchine, Joseph Duell, d'Amboise, Peter Martins, Robbins, and Taras created twelve new dances. In addition to presenting these and repertory ballets, Balanchine re-choreographed his Mozartiana from 1933. Philip Johnson and John Burgee's stage setting of translucent tubing was designed to be hung and lit in different architectural configurations throughout the entire festival.^[13]

Stravinsky Centennial Celebration

In 1982, Balanchine organized a centennial celebration in honor of his long-time collaborator Igor Stravinsky, during which the City Ballet performed twenty-five ballets set to the composer's music. Balanchine made three new ballets, Tango, Élégie, and Persephone, and a new version of Variations.^[14] The choreographer died the following year. Balanchine's 50th Anniversary Celebration was held by the company in 2002.

New York State Theater 20-Year Celebration

On April 26, 1984, NYCB celebrated the 20th anniversary of the New York State Theater. The program started with Igor Stravinsky's Fanfare for a New Theater, followed by Stravinsky's arrangement of The Star-Spangled Banner. The ballets included three of Balanchine's works, Serenade, Stravinsky Violin Concerto, and Sonatine; and Jerome Robbins' Afternoon of a Faun. The performers included Maria Calegari, Kyra Nichols, Heather Watts, Leonid Kozlov, Afshin Mofid, Patricia McBride, Helgi Tomasson, Karin von Aroldingen, Lourdes Lopez, Bart Cook, and Joseph Duell.^[15]

Peter Martins

After Balanchine's death in 1983, Peter Martins was selected as balletmaster of the company. After 30 years, Martins was judged to have maintained the New York City Ballet's financial security and the musicality and performance level of the dancers, but he has not emphasized the Balanchine style to the extent that many observers expected he would. Martins retired from his position in 2018.^[16]

American Music Festival

For the company's 40th anniversary, Martins held an American Music Festival, having commissioned dances from choreographers Laura Dean, Eliot Feld, William Forsythe, Lar Lubovitch, Paul Taylor. He also presented ballets by George Balanchine and Robbins. The programs included world premieres of more than twenty dances. Martins contributed Barber Violin Concerto, Black and White, The Chairman Dances, A Fool for You, Fred and George, Sophisticated Lady, Tanzspiel, Tea-Rose, and The Waltz Project.^[13]

Jerome Robbins celebration

A major component of the Spring 2008 season was a celebration of Jerome Robbins; major revivals were mounted of the following ballets:

Dancers' Choice

Friday, June 27, 2008, the first Dancers' Choice benefit was held for the Dancers' Emergency Fund. The program was initiated by Peter Martins, conceived and supervised by principal dancer Jonathan Stafford, assisted by Kyle Froman, Craig Hall, Amanda Hankes, Adam Hendrickson, Ask la Cour, Henry Seth, and Daniel Ulbricht, and consisted of:

and excerpts from:

On June 14, 2009, the second Dancers' Choice benefit was held at a special evening performance. The program included Sleeping Beauty and Union Jack.^[18][19] The program was supervised by principal dancer Jenifer Ringer.

Programming

NYCB performs fall, winter and spring repertory seasons at the David H. Koch Theater at Lincoln Center as well as George Balanchine's Nutcracker during November and December; they have a summer residency at the Saratoga Performing Arts Center and regularly tour internationally.

Introductory talks about a current performance, called First Position Discussions,^[20] are held before some performances or during some intervals in the fourth ring, house right; the docents are volunteers and include laymen as well as former dancers. Hour-long Inside NYCB events explore the history and inner workings of the company through performance and discussion, often with dancers and artistic staff.^[21]

Other public programs include Family Saturdays, one-hour interactive programs for children 5 and up;^[22] Children's Workshops and In Motion Workshops, pre-performance explorations of the music, movement, and themes of a ballet featured in the matinee performance for children ages 5–8 and 9–11, respectively;^[23][24] and Ballet Essentials, a 75-minute informal ballet class for adults ages 21 and up with little to no prior dance experience.^[25] These programs are all facilitated by NYCB dancers.

$30 for 30 and Fourth Ring Society/Society NYCB

New York City Ballet offers tickets for $30 to select performances for patrons ages 13 to 30 at the box office, or online or by phone with an account; sales for each performance week (Tue. evening through Sun. matinee) begin at 10:00 a.m. on the Monday of that week.^[26]

New York City Ballet's Fourth Ring Society offered discounted tickets to all shows in the theater's Fourth Ring for a small annual fee. This program was closed to new members in 2011 and renamed Society NYCB to reflect an expanded offering of discounted seats in all sections of the theater, although over time a few ballet programs (e.g., Nutcracker) and individual dates became unavailable.^[27][28]

New York Choreographic Institute

City Ballet's Choreographic Institute was founded by Irene Diamond and Peter Martins in 2000. It has three main programmatic programs: choreographic sessions, providing choreographers with dancers and studio space; fellowship initiatives, annual awards in support of an emerging choreographer affiliated with a ballet company; and choreographic forums, symposia and round-table discussions on choreography, music, and design elements.^[29]

Dancers

Principal Dancers

Name	Nationality	Training	Joined NYCB	Promoted to Principal
Tyler Angle	United States	Allegheny Ballet Academy School of American Ballet	2004	2009
Ashley Bouder		Central Pennsylvania Youth Ballet School of American Ballet	2000	2005
Chun Wai Chan	China	Guangzhou Art School (China) Houston Ballet Academy (Houston Ballet II)	2021	2022 [30]
Adrian Danchig-Waring	United States	Dance Theatre Seven School of American Ballet	2003	2013
Megan Fairchild		Dance Concepts Ballet West Conservatory School of American Ballet	2002	2005
Jovani Furlan	Brazil	Bolshoi Theater School (Brazil) Miami City Ballet School	2019	2022
Emilie Gerrity	United States	Betty Jean's Dance Studio New Paltz School of Ballet School of American Ballet	2010	2023[31]
Joseph Gordon		Phoenix Dance Academy School of American Ballet	2012	2018
Anthony Huxley		School of American Ballet San Francisco Ballet School Contra Costa Ballet School	2007	2015
Isabella LaFreniere		Southold Dance Theatre Joffrey Academy of Dance School of American Ballet	2014	2023[32]
Sara Mearns		Calvert-Brodie School of Dance School of North Carolina Dance Theatre South Carolina Governor's School for the Arts and Humanities School of American Ballet	2004	2008
Roman Mejia		Mejia Ballet Academy School of American Ballet	2017	2023[33]
Mira Nadon		Inland Pacific Ballet Academy of Montclair School of American Ballet	2018	2023[34]
Tiler Peck		Bakersfield Dance Company Conjunctive Point Westside School of Ballet School of American Ballet	2005	2009
Unity Phelan		Princeton Ballet School School of American Ballet	2012	2021
Taylor Stanley		The Rock School for Dance Education Miami City Ballet Summer Program School of American Ballet	2010	2016
Daniel Ulbricht		Judith Lee Johnson Studio of Dance Les Jeunes Danseurs Chautauqua Summer Dance Program School of American Ballet	2001	2007
Andrew Veyette		Dance Arts (Visalia, California) Westside Ballet School of American Ballet	2000	2007
Peter Walker		Gulfshore Ballet School of American Ballet	2012	2022
Indiana Woodward	France	Yuri Grigoriev School of Ballet School of American Ballet	2012	2021

Soloists

Name	Nationality	Training	Joined NYCB	Promoted to Soloist
Sara Adams	United States	Mid-Cape Ballet Academy Boston Ballet School School of American Ballet	2009	2017
Daniel Applebaum		Maryland Youth Ballet School of American Ballet	2005	2018
Gilbert Bolden III		Idyllwild Arts Academy The Rock School for Dance Education School of American Ballet	2017	2023
Preston Chamblee		Raleigh School of Ballet International Ballet Academy (North Carolina) School of American Ballet	2015	2022
Harrison Coll		School of American Ballet	2013	2018
Ashley Hod		Great Neck School of Dance School of American Ballet	2013	2022
Emily Kikta		Thomas Studio of Performing Arts Ballet Academy of Pittsburgh School of American Ballet	2011	2022
Ashley Laracey		Carty Academy of Theater Dance Sarasota Ballet of Florida School of American Ballet	2003	2013
Megan LeCrone		Greensboro Ballet North Carolina School of the Arts School of American Ballet	2002	2013
Olivia MacKinnon		Mobile Ballet School of American Ballet	2013	2023
Alexa Maxwell		Deanne's Dance Studio Minnesota Dance Theater Central Pennsylvania Youth Ballet School of American Ballet	2013	2023 Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=New_York_City_Ballet Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.  Navigácia: Veda > Analytika Antropológia Aplikované vedy Bibliometria Dejiny vedy Encyklopédie Filozofia vedy Forenzné vedy Humanitné vedy Knižničná veda Kryogenika Kryptológia Kulturológia Literárna veda Medzidisciplinárne oblasti Metódy kvantitatívnej analýzy Metavedy Metodika Metodológia vedy Náboženstvo a veda Náučná literatúra Podvody vo vede Popularizácia vedy Potravinárstvo Prírodné vedy Pseudoveda Scientometria Spoločenské vedy Teórie Teatrológia Technické vedy Technika Terminológia Umenie Výskum Veda Veda a technika podľa štátu Veda a technika podľa kontinentu Veda a technika podľa roka Veda v kozme Vedci Vedecká literatúra Vedecké databázy Vedecké experimenty Vedecké konferencie Vedecké metódy Vedecké ocenenia Vedecké organizácie Vedecké parky Vedeckí spisovatelia Vzdelávanie Záhady Príbuzné výrazy: Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia. www.astronomia.sk | www.biologia.sk | www.botanika.sk | www.dejiny.sk | www.economy.sk | www.elektrotechnika.sk | www.estetika.sk | www.farmakologia.sk | www.filozofia.sk | Fyzika | www.futurologia.sk | www.genetika.sk | www.chemia.sk | www.lingvistika.sk | www.politologia.sk | www.psychologia.sk | www.sexuologia.sk | www.sociologia.sk | www.veda.sk I www.zoologia.sk