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Thane Thana ShriSthanak Thane
City
Thane
From top, left to right: Eastern express highway; Dadoji Kondadev Stadium; Upvan Lake; Hiranandani Estate; and Talao Pali
Nickname:  City of Lakes
Thane Location in Maharashtra, India Show map of Mumbai Thane Thane (Maharashtra) Show map of Maharashtra Thane Thane (India) Show map of India
Coordinates: 19°11′50″N 72°58′20″E / 19.19722°N 72.97222°E / 19.19722; 72.97222
Country	India
State	Maharashtra
District	Thane
Founded by	NA
Government
• Type	Municipal Corporation
• Body	Thane Municipal Corporation
• Mayor	Vacant
• Deputy Mayor	Vacant
• Municipal Commissioner	Mr. Abhijit Bangar
Area
• Total	147 km2 (57 sq mi)
• Rank	15
Elevation	7 m (23 ft)
Population  (2023)
• Total	2,537,000
• Rank	15
• Density	17,258/km2 (44,700/sq mi)
Demonym	Thanekar
Language
• Official	Marathi
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	400601—15
Telephone code	022
Vehicle registration	MH-04 (Thane City) MH-05 (Kalyan)
Lok Sabha constituencies	Thane Kalyan
Vidhan Sabha constituencies	Thane Kopri-Pachpakhadi Ovala-Majiwada Mumbra-Kalwa
Literacy (2017–18)	91.36%
Website	thanecity.gov.in

Thane (Marathi: [ˈʈʰaːɳeː]; also known as Thana, the official name until 1996) is a metropolitan city located on the northwestern side of the state of Maharashtra in India and on the northeastern side of Mumbai. It is an immediate neighbour of Mumbai city proper, and a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. It is situated in the north-eastern portion of the Salsette Island.

Thane city is entirely within Thane taluka, one of the seven talukas of Thane district; also, it is the headquarters of the namesake district. With a population of 1,841,488 distributed over a land area of about 147 square kilometres (57 sq mi), Thane city is the 15th most populous city in India with a population of 1,890,000 according to the 2011 census.^[1]

Etymology and other names

The ancient name of Thana was Śrīsthāna. It appears as Thāna in early medieval Arab sources.^[2]

The name Thane has been variously Romanised as Tana,^[3] Thana,^[4] Thâṇâ,^[5] and Thame.^[6] Ibn Battuta and Abulfeda knew it as Kukin Tana; Duarte Barbosa as Tana Mayambu.^[7] Before 1996, the city was called "Thana", the British spelling of the city, until it was replaced with the more-local name.

History

A copper plate dating to AD 1078 was discovered near the foundations of Thane Fort in 1787. A land grant from Arikesara Devaraja, lord of Tagara, wherein he addresses the inhabitants of a city called "Sri Sthanaka".^[8] For a long time, it was a military training and recruitment center of the Maratha empire.

British occupied Salsette Island, Thana Fort, Fort Versova and the island fort of Karanja in start of First Anglo-Maratha War but after short time it were recaptured by forces of Haripant Phadke and Tukoji Holkar. It remained under control of Maratha empire until Second Anglo-Maratha War.^[9]

Geography

Climate

Thane has a tropical monsoon climate that borders on a tropical wet and dry climate. The overall climate is equable with high rainfall days and very few days of extreme temperatures.

In Thane, temperature varies from 22°C to 36°C. Winter temperatures can fall to 12°C at night while summer temperatures can rise to over 40°C at noon. The lowest daytime temperatures are witnessed during the peak of the summer monsoon in July and August when temperatures can drop to about 25°C. Out of total rainfall, 80% rainfall is experienced during June to October. Average annual rainfall is 2000–2500mm and humidity is 61–86%, making it a humid zone.

Lakes

No.	Name	Image	Details	Coordinates	Area (in hectares)
1	Ambe Ghosale Lake		At Meenatai Thakare Chowk, Castle Mill Naka (Opposite Desai Bunglow) in Uthalsar Ward committee	19°12′18″N 72°58′31″E / 19.2050793°N 72.9752154°E / 19.2050793; 72.9752154	2.77
2	Brahamala Lake		Near Babubhai Petrol Pump in Uthalsar Ward Committee	19°12′10″N 72°58′16″E / 19.2027567°N 72.9709916°E / 19.2027567; 72.9709916	0.5173
3	Burbank Lake		Inside Hiranandani Estate, between Park Avenue and Wood Street. To the west of it is Lake Enclave.	19°15′36″N 72°58′52″E / 19.2599707°N 72.9811942°E / 19.2599707; 72.9811942	0.5857
4	Datiwali Lake		East side of Diva station situated in the marshland of Ulhas river in Mumbra Ward Committee Area	19°11′02″N 73°03′07″E / 19.1839962°N 73.0519473°E / 19.1839962; 73.0519473	0.77
5	Dawala Lake		At Ovala in Majiwada-Manpada Prabhag Samiti		1.136
6	Desai Lake		On westside of Ulhas river, in Desai village in Mumbra Ward Committee	19°09′51″N 73°04′10″E / 19.1641232°N 73.0694575°E / 19.1641232; 73.0694575	1.75
7	Devasar Lake		At the end of Bhayanderpada at foothills of Sanjay Gandhi National Park in Majiwada-Manpada Ward Committee		0.516
8	Diaghar Lake		At the outskirts of Diaghar village in Mumbra Ward Committee	19°08′17″N 73°03′05″E / 19.1379237°N 73.051289°E / 19.1379237; 73.051289	0.363
9	Diva Lake		Situated just outside Diva station in Mumbra Ward Committee		0.405
10	Gokul Nagar Lake		It is a small lake situated in the heart of the city in the midst of Gokulnagar slums in Uthalsar Ward Committee	19°12′32″N 72°58′34″E / 19.2089166°N 72.9761032°E / 19.2089166; 72.9761032	0.325
11	Hariyali Lake		Near Thane Railway Station in Kopari Ward Committee	19°11′09″N 72°58′24″E / 19.1857429°N 72.9733627°E / 19.1857429; 72.9733627	0.7939
12	Jail Lake		Opp. Post Office beside Jail Water Tank in Uthalsar Ward committee	19°11′59″N 72°58′35″E / 19.1997839°N 72.9762712°E / 19.1997839; 72.9762712	1.43
13	Jogila Lake		Near Uthalsar Ward office		approx 0.1
14	Kacharali Lake		Opp. TMC Head Office in Naupada Ward Committee	19°11′48″N 72°57′50″E / 19.196585°N 72.96397553°E / 19.196585; 72.96397553	2
15	Kalwa Lake		Kalwa Ward office. Located close to railway station		2
16	Kasar-Wadavali Lake		Majivada, Manpada Ward office	19°16′18″N 72°58′11″E / 19.2715869°N 72.9697747°E / 19.2715869; 72.9697747	4.5173
17	Kausa Lake		Mumbra Ward office, Kausa	19°09′56″N 73°01′36″E / 19.1655582°N 73.0266244°E / 19.1655582; 73.0266244	1.5173
18	Kavesar Lake		Situated at Waghbill road		2.1746
19	Khardi Lake		The lake is situated in premises of khardipada, Shil		approx. 1.15
20	Kharegaon Lake		Kalwa Ward office		0.7377
21	Khidkali Lake		Mumbra Ward office Khidkali Lake is situated on the eastern side of the Thane creek near the Shil phata		1.7
22	Kolbad Lake		Uthalsar Ward office	19°12′18″N 72°58′14″E / 19.2050383°N 72.9705398°E / 19.2050383; 72.9705398	1
23	Kolshet Lake		Manpada Ward office	19°14′18″N 72°59′16″E / 19.2382826°N 72.9877929°E / 19.2382826; 72.9877929	1
24	Makhamali Talav		Uthalsar Ward office	19°11′55″N 72°58′02″E / 19.1985078°N 72.9670846°E / 19.1985078; 72.9670846	1
25	Masunda Lake (Talao Pali)		Masunda Lake ( also known as Talao Pali) is located on West of Thane, in the heart of Thane city. The lake is surrounded by important historic places like Gadkari Rangayatan, St. John church, Kopineshwar temple and Jambli market. There is a Mahadev Dhyan Mandir at the centre of the lake and also a statue of Shivaji Maharaj near the lake.	19°11′35″N 72°58′26″E / 19.193°N 72.974°E / 19.193; 72.974	7.2
26	Naar Lake		Naar Lake is situated on outskirts of Thane along the Ghodbunder road		0.7550
27	Phadakepada Lake		Mumbra Ward office	19°09′28″N 73°02′11″E / 19.1577508°N 73.0362564°E / 19.1577508; 73.0362564	1.71
28	Railadevi Lake		Railadevi Ward office	19°11′21″N 72°57′26″E / 19.1893°N 72.9571°E / 19.1893; 72.9571	8
29	Rewale Lake		Majivada-manpada Ward office	19°13′08″N 72°58′44″E / 19.2188281°N 72.9788438°E / 19.2188281; 72.9788438	0.5173
30	Shill Lake		Mumbra Ward office		6
31	Shivaji Nagar, Balkumb Lake		The lake is situated along old agra road next to water supply line in Balkum area		0.2247
32	Siddheshwar Lake		Uthalsar Ward office	19°12′05″N 72°57′51″E / 19.2013031°N 72.9641928°E / 19.2013031; 72.9641928	3
33	Upvan Lake		Lake is located at the foothills of Yeoor. A statue of Lord Shiva is situated in the middle of the lake. A Ganesh temple is situated near lake.	19°13′17″N 72°57′18″E / 19.2213999°N 72.9549703°E / 19.2213999; 72.9549703	6
Reference:[10]

Demographics