This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (March 2020)

This is a list of United States congresspersons by brevity of service. It includes representatives and senators who have served less than six years in the Senate or less than two years in the House, not counting currently serving members. This list excludes members whose term ended with 73rd United States Congress that served the entirety of that term, which due to the Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution, only lasted from March 4, 1933, to January 3, 1935, and inaugural holders of Class 1 and Class 2 Senate seats that served the entirety of the first term, due to the initial terms being only 2 and 4 years long respectively, as the Senate classes were staggered so that a third of the seats would be up every two years.

Key

In green	Appointed to Senate or won special election
D	Died
R	Resigned
AE	Appointed or elected to a different office
O	Other reason for loss of office

Senate time

Tenure		Name	Party affiliation	State	Reason for leaving	Dates of service	Lifespan
1	1 day[a]	Rebecca Latimer Felton[1]	Democratic	Georgia	Appointed and did not seek election.	November 21, 1922 – November 22, 1922[b]	1835–1930
2[c]	3 days	Louis C. Wyman[1] (O)	Republican	New Hampshire	Initially won election to the Senate, but was appointed shortly before it convened to give him seniority over the rest of the incoming cohort. His seat was ruled to be vacant and a new election was held.	December 31, 1974 – January 3, 1975	1917–2002
3	8 days	Homer V. M. Miller (O)	Democratic	Georgia	Won election to the Senate, but was not seated until February 24, 1871, and served the remainder of his term.	February 24, 1871 – March 3, 1871	1814–1896
4	10 days	Alva M. Lumpkin (D)	Democratic	South Carolina	Appointed following the vacancy created by James F. Byrnes's appointment to the Supreme Court and later died.	July 22, 1941 – August 1, 1941	1886–1941
5	23 days	John N. Heiskell[2] (O)	Democratic	Arkansas	Appointed by Governor George Washington Donaghey following the vacancy created by Jeff Davis's death.	January 6, 1913 – January 29, 1913	1872–1972
6	33 days	William Marmaduke Kavanaugh[3] (O)	Democratic	Arkansas	Appointed by the Arkansas General Assembly following the vacancy created by Jeff Davis's death.	January 29, 1913 – March 3, 1913	1866–1915
7	44 days	Wilton E. Hall	Democratic	South Carolina	Appointed following the vacancy created by Ellison D. Smith's death and chose not to seek election.	November 20, 1944 – January 3, 1945	1901–1980
8	55 days	Thomas M. Storke	Democratic	California	Appointed as interim senator following the vacancy created by William Gibbs McAdoo's resignation and the inauguration of Sheridan Downey.	November 9, 1938 – January 3, 1939	1876–1971
9	59 days	Dean Barkley[1]	Independence Party of Minnesota	Minnesota	Appointed following the death of Paul Wellstone.	November 4, 2002 – January 3, 2003	1950–
	59 days	John Moses (D)	Democratic	North Dakota	Won in the general election, died in office.	January 3, 1945 – March 3, 1945	1885–1945
10	73 days	George Jones	Democratic-Republican	Georgia	Appointed to fill out the remainder of Abraham Baldwin's term.	August 27, 1807 – November 7, 1807	1766–1838
11	93 days	Jocelyn Burdick[1]	Democratic	North Dakota	Appointed following the death of her husband Quentin Burdick.	September 12, 1992 – December 14, 1992	1922–2019
12	97 days	George Walton[1] (R)	Federalist	Georgia	Appointed following the vacancy created by James Jackson's resignation.	November 16, 1795 – February 20, 1796	1749–1804
13	104 days	Elaine Edwards[1] (R)	Democratic	Louisiana	Appointed following the death of Allen J. Ellender and later resigned.	August 1, 1972 – November 13, 1972	1929–2018
14	110 days	Middleton P. Barrow	Democratic	Georgia	Appointed to fill out the remainder of Benjamin Harvey Hill's term and did not seek election to a term in his own right.	November 15, 1882 – March 3, 1883	1839–1903
15	117 days	Oliver H. Prince	Democratic	Georgia	Selected by the state legislature to fill the vacancy caused by Thomas W. Cobb's resignation.	November 7, 1828 – March 4, 1829	1782–1837
16	121 days	Carte Goodwin	Democratic	West Virginia	Appointed by Governor Joe Manchin on July 16, 2010, as a placeholder to fill the vacancy created by the death of Robert Byrd.	July 16, 2010 – November 15, 2010	1974–
17	129 days	Charles B. Mitchel (O)	Democratic	Arkansas	Elected in the general election and later expelled from the Senate.	March 4, 1861 – July 11, 1861	1815–1864
18	133 days	Paul G. Kirk	Democratic	Massachusetts	Appointed following the death of Ted Kennedy and chose not to run in the special election.	September 24, 2009 – February 4, 2010	1938–
19	143 days	Jeffrey Chiesa[4]	Republican	New Jersey	Appointed following the death of Frank Lautenberg and chose not to run in the special election.	June 10, 2013 – October 31, 2013	1965–
20	144 days	Bob Krueger[1]	Democratic	Texas	Appointed following the appointment of Lloyd Bentsen as Secretary of the Treasury and was defeated in the special election.	January 21, 1993 – June 14, 1993	1935–2022
21	144 days	Dixie Bibb Graves[5] (R)	Democratic	Alabama	Appointed following the appointment of Hugo Black as a Supreme Court Justice and later resigned.	August 20, 1937 – January 10, 1938	1882–1965
22	144 days	George R. Swift[5]	Democratic	Alabama	Appointed following the death of John H. Bankhead II.	June 15, 1946 – November 5, 1946	1887–1972
23	149 days	Sheila Frahm[1]	Republican	Kansas	Appointed following the resignation of Bob Dole and was defeated in the Republican primary.	June 11, 1996 – November 7, 1996	1945–
24	152 days	Maryon Pittman Allen[5]	Democratic	Alabama	Appointed following the death of her husband James Allen and later lost the Democratic primary for the special election.	June 8, 1978 – November 7, 1978	1925–2018
25	165 days	Mo Cowan[4]	Democratic	Massachusetts	Appointed following the appointment of John Kerry as Secretary of State and chose not to run in the special election.	February 1, 2013 – July 16, 2013	1969–
26	193 days	Ernest W. Gibson, Jr.[1]	Republican	Vermont	Appointed by Governor George D. Aiken following the death of his father, Ernest Willard Gibson. Chose not to run for election to the seat.	June 24, 1940 - January 3, 1941	1901-1969
27	213 days	William Bellinger Bulloch	Democratic-Republican	Georgia	Appointed following the resignation of William H. Crawford.	April 8, 1813 – November 6, 1813	1777–1852
28	215 days	Thomas A. Wofford	Democratic	South Carolina	Appointed following the resignation of Strom Thurmond and chose not to run in the special election.	April 5, 1956 – November 6, 1956	1908–1978
29	240 days	Joseph M. Terrell	Democratic	Georgia	Appointed following the death of Alexander S. Clay and resigned following a stroke.	November 17, 1910 – July 14, 1911	1861–1912
30	242 days	B. B. Comer[5]	Democratic	Alabama	Appointed following the death of John H. Bankhead.	March 5, 1920 – November 2, 1920	1848–1927
31	247 days	William Stanley West	Democratic	Georgia	Appointed following the death of Augustus O. Bacon.	March 2, 1914 – November 3, 1914	1849–1914
32	259 days	Nicholas F. Brady[1]	Republican	New Jersey	Appointed following the resignation of Harrison A. Williams and chose not to run in the special election.	April 12, 1982 – December 27, 1982	1930–
33	262 days	John S. Cohen	Democratic	Georgia	Appointed following the death of William J. Harris and chose not to run in the special election.	April 25, 1932 – January 11, 1933	1870–1935
34	274 days	Israel Pickens	Democratic	Alabama	Appointed following the death of Henry H. Chambers.	February 17, 1826 – November 27, 1826	1780–1827
35	275 days	John C. Breckinridge (O)	Democratic	Kentucky	Elected in the general election and later expelled from the Senate.	March 4, 1861 – December 4, 1861	1821–1875
36	277 days	Robert M. Charlton	Democratic	Georgia	Appointed following the resignation of John M. Berrien.	May 31, 1852 – March 4, 1853	1807–1854
37	297 days	Francis S. White	Democratic	Alabama	Elected in the special election following the death of Joseph F. Johnston. Did not run for reelection.	May 11, 1914 – March 3, 1915	1847–1922
38	299 days	Waldo P. Johnson (O)	Democratic	Missouri	Elected in the general election and later expelled from the Senate.	March 17, 1861 – January 10, 1862	1817–1885
39	303 days	George S. Houston (D)	Democratic	Alabama	Elected in the general election and died in office.	March 4, 1879 – December 31, 1879	1811–1879
40	307 days	Luther Strange	Republican	Alabama	Appointed to fill the seat vacated by Jeff Sessions after his resignation to become U.S. Attorney General, but subsequently lost the Republican primary for the special election.	February 9, 2017 – January 3, 2018	1953–
41	322 days	Luke Pryor	Democratic	Alabama	Appointed following the death of George S. Houston.	January 7, 1880 – November 23, 1880	1820–1900
42	327 days	Henry H. Chambers (D)	Jacksonian	Alabama	Died in office.	March 4, 1825 – January 24, 1826	1790–1826
43	337 days	Patrick Walsh	Democratic	Georgia	Appointed to fill out the remainder of the term of Alfred H. Colquitt.	April 2, 1894 – March 3, 1895	1840–1899
44	340 days	William Blount (O)	Democratic-Republican	Tennessee	Appointed as Tennessee's first senator and was later expelled from the Senate.	August 2, 1796 – July 8, 1797	1749–1800
45	373 days	Hiram Rhodes Revels	Republican	Mississippi	Elected in a special election following Mississippi's readmission into the United States and later chose not to seek reelection.	February 23, 1870 – March 3, 1871	1827–1901
46	380 days	Kelly Loeffler	Republican	Georgia	Appointed to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Johnny Isakson, lost subsequent special runoff election.	January 6, 2020 – January 20, 2021	1970–
47	389 days	Kaneaster Hodges Jr.	Democratic	Arkansas	Appointed to fill the vacancy created by the death of John L. McClellan, prohibited by state law from seeking election to fill the vacancy.	December 10, 1977 – January 3, 1979	1938–2022
48	474 days	Louis Wigfall (O)	Democratic	Texas	Appointed to fill the vacancy created by James Pinckney Henderson's death and later expelled from the Senate.	December 5, 1859 – March 23, 1861	1816–1874
49	642 days	Lloyd Spencer[6] (O)	Democratic	Arkansas	Appointed to fill the vacancy created by John E. Miller's resignation to become a judge and did not run for election.	April 1, 1941 – January 3, 1943	1893–1981
50	668 days	Ted Kaufman	Democratic	Delaware	Appointed to fill the vacancy created by Joe Biden's resignation and chose not to run in the special election.	January 16, 2009 – November 15, 2010	1939–
51	690 days	Jean Carnahan	Democratic	Missouri	Appointed to fill vacancy created by her husband Mel Carnahan's death who died before being elected but was defeated in a special election to fill the remainder of the term.	January 3, 2001 - November 23, 2002	1933–2024
52	698 days	Harlan Mathews	Democratic	Tennessee	Appointed to fill the vacancy created by Al Gore's resignation and chose not to run in the special election.	January 2, 1993 – December 1, 1994	1927–2014
53	699 days	Martha McSally	Republican	Arizona	Appointed to fill the vacancy created by Jon Kyl, lost subsequent special election.	January 3, 2019 – December 2, 2020	1966–
54	762 days	Richard Nixon (AE)	Republican	California	Appointed following the resignation of Sheridan Downey to the seat he recently won the election for to gain seniority and later elected to the vice presidency.	December 1, 1950 – January 1, 1953	1913–1994
55	787 days	Donald Stewart	Democratic	Alabama	Elected in a special election following the death of James Allen. Lost renomination and resigned.	November 8, 1978 – January 2, 1981	1940–
56	813 days	William Kelly	Democratic-Republican	Alabama	Elected following the resignation of John Williams Walker.	December 12, 1822 – March 3, 1825	1786–1834
57	1,064 days	Scott Brown	Republican	Massachusetts	Won special election against Martha Coakley to finish Ted Kennedy's term in 2010, and sworn on February 4, 2010. Subsequently lost regular election for next term against Democrat Elizabeth Warren.	February 4, 2010 – January 3, 2013	1959–
58	1,095 days	John Williams Walker (R)	Democratic-Republican	Alabama	Resigned due to failing health.	December 14, 1819 – December 12, 1822	1783–1823
59	1,096 days	Doug Jones	Democratic	Alabama	Won special election against Roy Moore to finish Jeff Sessions's term in 2017, and sworn in January 2018. Subsequently lost regular election for next term against Republican Tommy Tuberville.	January 3, 2018 – January 3, 2021	1954–
60	1,100 days	William Wyatt Bibb	Democratic-Republican	Georgia	Elected following the resignation of William H. Crawford.	November 6, 1813 – November 9, 1816	1781–1820
61	1,108 days	Josiah Tattnall	Democratic-Republican	Georgia	Elected following the resignation of James Jackson.	February 20, 1796 – March 4, 1799	1765–1803
62	1,190 days	Jeremiah Clemens	Democratic	Alabama	Elected following the death of Dixon Hall Lewis.	November 30, 1849 – March 4, 1853	1814–1865
63	1,232 days	John E. Miller[7] (R)	Democratic	Arkansas	Elected in special election to fill the vacancy created by Joseph T. Robinson's death and resigned to become a judge.	November 15, 1937 – March 31, 1941	1888–1981
64	1,245 days	John Milledge	Democratic-Republican	Georgia	Elected following the death of James Jackson.	June 19, 1806 – November 14, 1809	1757–1818
65	1,413 days	Barack Obama (AE)	Democratic	Illinois	Elected in the general election and later resigned after winning the 2008 presidential election.	January 3, 2005 – November 16, 2008	1961–
66	1,476 days	Kamala Harris (AE)	Democratic	California	Elected in the general election and later resigned after winning the 2020 election as vice president.	January 3, 2017 – January 18, 2021	1964–
67	1,779 days	John Forsyth (AE)	Democratic-Republican/​Jacksonian	Georgia	Elected following the resignation of George Troup, then resigned to become U.S. Minister to Spain. Elected again following the resignation of John M. Berrien, re-elected, and then resigned to become U.S. Secretary of State.	November 23, 1818 – February 17, 1819; November 9, 1829 – June 27, 1834	1780–1841
68	1,964 days	William H. Crawford (AE)	Democratic-Republican	Georgia	Elected in a special election following the death of Abraham Baldwin. Re-elected, then resigned to become U.S. Minister to France.	November 7, 1807 – March 23, 1813	1772–1834

House time

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_brevity_of_service
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Tenure		Name	Party affiliation	State	Reason for leaving	Dates of service	Lifespan
1	1 day	Effingham Lawrence (O)	Democratic	Louisiana	The results of the 1872 election in the district were contested, and the House did not declare Lawrence the winner of the election and seat him until March 3, 1875, the day before the term was to expire.	March 3, 1875 – March 4, 1875	1820–1878
1	1 day	George A. Sheridan (O)	Liberal Republican	Louisiana	The results of the 1872 election in the district were contested, and the House did not declare Sheridan the winner of the election and seat him until March 3, 1875, the day before the term was to expire.	March 3, 1875 – March 4, 1875	1840–1896
3	2 days	Turner M. Marquett (O)	Republican	Nebraska	Elected to the at-large seat of the new State of Nebraska, but, because the state was not formally admitted to the Union until March 2, 1867, he was only able to serve as a representative for two days.	March 2, 1867 – March 4, 1867	1831–1894
3	2 days[8]	Gustavus Sessinghaus (O)	Republican	Missouri	The results of the 1880 election in the district were contested, and the House did not declare Sessinghaus the winner of the election and seat him until March 2, 1883, two days before the term was to expire.	March 2, 1883 – March 4, 1883[d]	1838–1887
5	29 days	Walter W. Bankhead (R)	Democratic	Alabama	Won in the general election and later resigned.	January 3, 1941 – February 1, 1941	1897–1988
6	31 days	Kwanza Hall	Democratic	Georgia	Won special runoff election one month after general election day to fill John Lewis's seat after his death and was not a candidate in the regular election.	December 3, 2020 – January 3, 2021	1971–
7	35 days	Brenda Jones	Democratic	Michigan	Won special election and was defeated in Democratic primary for a full term.	November 29, 2018 – January 3, 2019	1959–
8	39 days	James Mann[9] (D)	Democratic	Louisiana	Won in the general election and died in office.	July 18, 1868 – August 26, 1868	1822–1868
9	51 days	David Curson[10]	Democratic	Michigan	Won special election and did not seek reelection.	November 13, 2012 – January 3, 2013	1948–
10	51 days	Shelley Sekula-Gibbs	Republican	Texas	Won special election but lost regular general election (as a write-in candidate) held the same day.	November 13, 2006 – January 3, 2007	1953–