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List of Important Intangible Folk Cultural Properties
...This is a list of 333 Important Intangible Folk Cultural Properties of Japan.
Criteria
- It must exemplify something original in the Japanese people's everyday life in terms of origin and content, and be typical.
- It must exemplify the process of evolution of some technique.
- It must exemplify some local characteristic.
Designated cultural properties
Manners and customs
Manufacture, livelihood
9 designations. All were designated under Criteria 1.
| Name | Date | Remarks | Location | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aizu rice planting festival (会津の御田植祭, aizu no otaue matsuri)[1] | July 2[nb 1] (Keitokumachi) and July 12 (Takada) | Rice planting festival as a prayer for abundant harvest held at Inari Shrine, Keitokumachi and at Isasumi Shrine. | Keitokumachi Kitakata and Takada Aizumisato, Fukushima | —
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| Jagamaita of Mamada (間々田のジャガマイタ, mamada no jagamaita)[1] | May 5 | Snake festival in which a 15 m (49 ft) long snake made of straw, fern and wisteria is paraded by children through the district. The event is a prayer for abundant harvest and good health. | Mamada Oyama, Tochigi | —
|
| Spring Hoe Festival of Higoshi Shinmei Shrine (樋越神明宮の春鍬祭, higoshi shinmei-gū no haru kuwa matsuri)[2][3] | February 11 | Spring hoe festival including theatrical performances of various stages of the farming process. Seen as a prayer for abundant crops, the festival's earliest record is from 1798. | Shinmei Shrine, Tamamura, Gunma | —
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| Bonito Fishing Festival of Kōzushima (神津島のかつお釣り行事, kōzushima no katsuo tsuri gyōji)[4] | August 2 | Using a crude model boat of aotake (green bamboo), within the shrine precincts, bonito fishermen are simulating all stages of their work from departure, over fishing to return to the port. This is seen as a prayer for a good catch. | Monoiminamikoto Shrine, Kōzushima, Tokyo | —
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| Spiral Rice Planting of Sado (佐渡の車田植, sado no kuruma taue)[5][6] | end of May | Seedlings are planted in a circular fashion by three or four workers while singing. | Sado, Niigata | —
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| Oku-noto no Aenokoto (奥能登のあえのこと)[7][8] | February 9 and December 5 | Agricultural festival of rice farmers on the Noto Peninsula in which the deity of the rice field is invited to the house and entertained. The December event is to express gratitude for the harvest, while the event in February is meant to ensure an abundant harvest. The ritual has been inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. | Okunoto, Ishikawa | —
|
| Mibu Rice Planting (壬生の花田植, mibu no hana taue)[9][10] | first Sunday in June | Rice-planting ritual starting with a performance of hayashi musicians welcoming the kami of the fields and decorated cows being led into the field. A phalanx of planting girls then carries out the actual planting accompanied by ondo songs, large and small drums, gongs and flutes. The event has been inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. | Kitahiroshima, Hiroshima | 
|
| Farming Rituals of Aso (阿蘇の農耕祭事, aso no nōkō saiji)[11] | 13th day of first month and 25th day of 9th month (Aso Shrine); 16th day of first month and 23rd, 24th days of 9th month (Kuninomiyako Shrine)[nb 2] | A series of agricultural festivals associated with the four seasons and enacted as a prayer for abundant crops and as a thanks for the harvest, among these: rice field festival (onda matsuri), making the field (tatsukuri), fire swinging ritual (hifuri shinji), fūchinsai, nemurinagashi rite, hitaki fire rite, and the tanomi festival. | Aso, Kumamoto | —
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| Tanegashima Hōman Shrine Rice planting Festival (種子島宝満神社の御田植祭, tanegashima hōman jinja no otaue matsuri)[12] | April 3 | Ritual rice planting event accompanied by song and drums as a prayer for an abundant harvest. | Minamitane, Kagoshima | —
|
Life rituals
6 designations. All were designated under Criteria 1.
| Name | Date | Description/Remarks | Location | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Izumiyama Mountain Worship (泉山の登拝行事, izumiyama no tohai gyōji)[13] | July 25 | An event in which young children between the age of 7 and 9 from the village of Izumiyama climb Mt. Nakui to worship at mountain shrines. | Sannohe, Aomori | —
|
| Hata Oyamagake (羽田のお山がけ, hata no oyamagake)[14] | 15th and 16th day of 8th month[nb 2] | An event in which 7-year-old boys climb nearby Hanedayama to pray for their healthy growth. | Kesennuma, Miyagi | —
|
| Kohata Banner Festival (木幡の幡祭り, kohata no hata matsuri)[15] | First Sunday in December | An event, first attended by males around the age of 18, in which a procession of parishioners carrying colorful banners climb Kohatayama to worship at Okitsushima and Hayama shrines. | Nihonmatsu, Fukushima | —
|
| Kawamata Coming-of-Age Ceremony (川俣の元服式, kawamata no genpuku shiki)[16] | January 21 | A traditional coming of age ceremony for 20-year-old males with roots in the late Edo period. | Nikkō, Tochigi | —
|
| Iwatsuki Traditional Sumo Ring Entrance Ceremony (岩槻の古式土俵入り, iwatsuki no koshiki dohyōiri)[17] | Sunday near October 21 (Kagiage) and every second year on the day before Respect for the Aged Day (Sasakubo) | A traditional sumo ring entrance ceremony performed by young boys as a prayer for the healthy growth of the children. No actual wrestling takes place. | Kagiage or Sasakubo, Iwatsuki, Saitama | —
|
| Kasuga Bridegroom Pushing Festival (春日の婿押し, kasuga no muko-oshi)[18][19] | One day before the Coming of Age Day | A series of events held for men and women who became married in the previous year. It concludes with a sagichō, burning of old omamori. | Kasuga Shrine, Kasuga, Fukuoka | —
|
Amusements, contests
11 designations, all under criterion 1.
| Name | Date | Remarks | Location | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kariwano tug of war (刈和野の大綱引き, Kariwano no ōtsuna-hiki)[20] | 15th day of 1st month[nb 2] | Tug of war between two parts of Kariwano town featuring a giant straw rope, 80 cm (31 in) diameter and over 200 m (660 ft) long, held to pray for a rich harvest. | Daisen, Akita | —
|
| Sōma Wild horse racing (相馬野馬追, Sōma Nomaoi)[21] | Last Sat., Sun. and Mon. of July[nb 3] | Horseriding festival with riders clad in samurai armour of the Sengoku period, organized by Ōta Shrine, Odaka Shrine (Minamisōma) and Sōma Nakamura Shrine (Sōma). | Sōma and Minamisōma Fukushima | 
|
| Dragon spirit festival of Chichibu Yoshida (秩父吉田の龍勢, chichibu yoshida no ryūsei)[22][23] | Second Sunday in October | Shooting of homemade rockets from a scaffold structure, which when fired are meant to resemble dragons ascending to the heavens. The even is performed as appreciation for bountiful harvest. | Shimoyoshida, Chichibu, Saitama | 
|
| Bull wrestling (牛の角突きの習俗, Ushi no tsunotsuki no shūzoku)[24] | some time between May and November (irregular) | Ancient bull fighting event and only of its kind on Honshu. | Nagaoka, Ojiya and Uonuma, Niigata | |
| Tsuruga Nishimachi tug of war (敦賀西町の綱引き, Tsuruga Nishimachi no tsuna-hiki)[25] | January 15 | Tug of war between two teams representing Daikoku and Ebisu. The year is said to bring a good harvest if Daikoku wins, and a good catch if Ebisu wins. | Tsuruga, Fukui | —
|
| Tajima Kutani tug of war (但馬久谷の菖蒲綱引き, Tajima Kutani shōbu tsuna-hiki)[26] | June 5 | Tug of war between an adult and children group using a rope made of Japanese mugwort and sweet flag. If the adult group wins the 7th and final pull, it is said to become a good harvest. This is one of the five seasonal festivals (gosekku). | Shin'onsen, Hyōgo | —
|
| Inaba tug of war (因幡の菖蒲綱引き, Inaba no shōbu tsuna-hiki)[27] | 5th day of 5th month[nb 2] closest weekend (Aoya); Sunday closest to the 5th day of the 5th month[nb 2] (Mizushiri, Hōgi); Sunday after June 5 (Obaneo) | Children tug of war with a rope made of sweet flag, Japanese mugwort and Japanese torreya. This is one of the five seasonal festivals (gosekku). | Iwami and Tottori, Tottori | —
|
| Misasa tug of war (三朝のジンショ, Misasa no jinsho)[28] | May 3 and 4 | Tug of war between the western and eastern parts of the district using a more than 80 m (260 ft), 4 t (3.9 long tons; 4.4 short tons) rope. A win of the east is said to be a good harvest, if the west wins business is going to prosper. This is one of the five seasonal festivals (gosekku). | Misasa, Tottori | 
|
| Namari Momote Festival (生里のモモテ, namari no momote)[29][30] | Sunday closest to 1st day of 2nd month[nb 2] | Archery festival with origins in the early 10th century held in the precincts of Sanboko Shrine, in order to pray for an abundant harvest, bountiful fishing and to keep evil away. | Namari, Takuma, Mitoyo, Kagawa | —
|
| Yobuko tug of war (呼子の大綱引き, yobuko no ōtsunahiki) | first Saturday in June and the following Sunday | Tug of war between a "hill" and "beach" team using a 400 m (1,300 ft) long and 15 cm (5.9 in) wide rope. If the beach team wins it is said to be bountiful fishing in this year, if the hill team wins, the year is said to produce abundant crops. | Yobuko, Karatsu, Saga | —
|
| Sendai tug of war (川内大綱引, sendai ōtsunahiki)[31] | the day before the September equinox | Tug of war with a 365 metres long, 40 centimetre diameter, 7 tons rope that is preceded by the weaving of the rope by all the residents. | Satsumasendai, Kagoshima | —
|
Social life (knowledge of folk customs)
2 designations, all under criterion 1
| Name | Date | Remarks | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ochakō of Jōshū Shirokubo (上州白久保のお茶講, Jōshū-shirakubo no ochakō)[32][33] | February 24 | Tea guessing event, where local residents welcome the gods, drink tea together, read the tea and predict the bounty in their lives. | Nakanojō, Gunma |
| Omokō and Dōtoshiki of Ao (粟生のおも講と堂徒式, Ao no omokō to dōtoshiki)[34] | 8th day of first month[nb 2] | A ceremony held at the Yakushi Hall of Kichijō-ji involving the recitation of the Heart Sutra (known as Omokō) and the Dōtoshiki protocol permitting three-year-old children to the village. | Ao, Shimizu, Aridagawa, Wakayama |
Annual functions or events
34 designations, all under criterion 1
| Name | Date | Remarks | Location | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yoshihama Suneka (吉浜のスネカ, Yoshihama no suneka)[35] | January 15 | A person called "Suneka", representing a kami and dressed in a strange mask and a straw raincoat, visits each house in a given district to punish lazy or crying children; related to the Namahage tradition of Akita Prefecture; handed down in Yoshihama district, Sanriku, Ōfunato, Iwate. Type: Visiting kami | Ōfunato, Iwate | —
|
| Tsukihama Enzu-no-wari (月浜のえんずのわり, Tsukihama no Enzu-no-wari)[36] | January 11–16 | Bird chasing procession (tori-oi) involving children; traditionally a festival to pray for abundant harvest and good health; handed down in Tsukihama district, Miyato, Higashimatsushima, Miyagi. Type: Harvest/fertility | Higashimatsushima, Miyagi | —
|
| Yonekawa Mizukaburi (ablution) (米川の水かぶり, Yonekawa no mizukaburi)[37] | February 12 | Event to ward off fire; young men and men of a critical age (yakudoshi, 42 years of age) dress in straw raincoats and headdresses their faces painted with soot; after a shrine visit they return to town and throw water on the houses; home owners try to extract from the participants' costumes straws which are then considered charms against fire. Type: Protection | Tome, Miyagi | —
|
| Kamigō no koshōgatsu gyōji (上郷の小正月行事)[38] | January 15 | "Little New Year" (koshōgatsu) event celebrated by children involving the burning of a hut of Sae-no-kami and a bird chasing procession (tori-oi) with singing. | Nikaho, Akita | —
|
| Namahage on Oga Peninsula (男鹿のナマハゲ, Oga no Namahage)[39][40] | December 31–January 16 | Young men dressed in traditional straw garments and wearing large masks representing the Namahage deity visit houses of new community members urging them to work and study hard; after receiving sake and mochi they leave blessing the house. Type: Visiting kami | Oga, Akita | 
|
| Rokugō Kamakura (六郷のカマクラ行事, Rokugō no Kamakura gyōji)[41] | February 11–15 | Events welcoming toshigami, deities of the year, and praying for an abundant harvest and health. The festival includes the decoration of large bamboo poles, the construction of snow huts, and a battle with bamboo poles. | Misato, Akita | 
|
| "Little New Year" event of Yuza (遊佐の小正月行事, Yuza no koshōgatsu gyōji)[42] | 1, 3 and 6[nb 4] | A person called "Amahage", representing a kami dressed in a straw coat and covered with a red or blue ogre mask visits each family distributing mochi; also includes a tori-oi bird chasing event with drums and singing; the straw coats are burned together with kadomatsu and shimenawa in an event known as Honte-yaki (Honte burning). Type: Visiting kami | Yuza, Yamagata | —
|
| Sai-no-kami of Mishima (三島のサイノカミ, Mishima no Sai-no-kami)[43] | ca. January 15 | Fire festival praying for abundant harvest, sound health and escape from evil; an artificial structure (Sai-no-kami) made of a sacred tree and new year's decoration is burned | Mishima, Fukushima | —
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| 108 lights of Inomata (猪俣の百八燈, Inomata no hyakuhattō)[44] | August 15 | Construction of 108 mounds[nb 5] and lighting of as many lights; said to originate in a ritual to console the spirits of Inomata Koheirokunoritsuna. Type: Bon Festival | Misato, Saitama | 
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| Mito floating of sacred boats (三戸のオショロ流し, mito no oshoro nagashi) | August 16 | Bon Festival event in which the spirits of the deceased are sent off by constructing a 5 m (16 ft) decorated straw ship and having children swim it out to the sea. | Mito, Hassemachi, Miura, Kanagawa | —
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| Ōiso Sagichō (大磯の左義長, ōiso no sagichō)[45] | Third Saturday of January | New Year fire festival in which nine large decorated temporary shelters in the form of bonfires on the beach are set on fire. Dango are grilled in the fire and the event also includes a tug-of war. | Ōiso, Kanagawa | .jpg)
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| Ōmi tug-of-war with bamboo (青海の竹のからかい, ōmi no take no karakai)[46][47] | January 15 | New Year Event in which two groups of mostly men in kumadori make-up fight using two 13–14 m (43–46 ft) long bamboo poles. The fights are followed by the burning of New Year decorations, praying for good health, abundant crops and a good haul. | Ōmi, Itoigawa, Niigata | —
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| Muramachi New Year Deity Send Off (邑町のサイノカミ, muramachi no sai no kami)[48][49] | Sunday before January 15 (or January 15 if it is a Sunday) | New Year fire festival praying for health, an abundant harvest and ceremonial cleansing. Children go from house to house singing the Sai no kami song, carrying wooden male and female dollsand collecting New Year decorations that are later burned on a bonfire. | Nyūzen, Toyama | —
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| Noto's Amamehagi (能登のアマメハギ, noto no amamehagi)[8][50] | January 2 (Monzen), January 14 and 20 (Wajima), February 3 (Uchiura) | Visiting kami event similar to Mensama and Namahage in which masked figures wearing straw raincoats enter the house unannounced to purify it. | Noto and Wajima, Ishikawa | —
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| Nozawa Onsen Dōsojin Fire Festival (野沢温泉の道祖神祭り, nozawa onsen no dōsojin matsuri)[51][52][53] | January 15 | Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=List_of_Important_Intangible_Folk_Cultural_Properties