Kumaruma

Kumarumã

Santa Maria dos Galibis
Kumarumã Santa Maria dos Galibis
	Kumarumã Location in Brazil Kumarumã Kumarumã (Brazil)
	Coordinates: 3°22′44″N 51°17′59″W / 3.3789°N 51.2998°W
Country	Brazil
Region	North
State	Amapá
Municipality	Oiapoque
Government
• Cacique	Paulo Roberto Silva
Population (2016)
• Total	2,240
Time zone	UTC-3

Kumarumã is an Amerindian village of the Galibi Marwono people in the Brazilian municipality of Oiapoque, Amapá. It is the largest village of the tribe.^[3]^[4] Kumarumã was founded in the 1930s^[5] as Santa Maria dos Galibis.^[3] Kumarumã is located on an island in the Uaçá River in the Uaçá Indigenous Territory.^[6]

Overview

The Galibi Marworno were originally from French Guiana and lived in Jesuit missions. A Portuguese offensive in the late 18th century drove them to land inwards, where they mixed with the Arua and Marworno Amerindians.^[4] They use the self identification Galibi Marworno to distinguish themselves from the Galibis on the Oiapoque River.^[3]

In the 1930s, Santa Maria dos Galibis was established by the Indian Protection Service^[5] as means to concentrate the population.^[4] The main language of the Galibi was Karipúna French Creole.^[3] In 1934, a school was built in the village, and started to teach in Portuguese.^[3] In the late 1960s, CIMI, a Catholic organisation, started teaching Karipúna French Creole.^[7]

Kumarumã also has a clinic,^[8] and a community house.^[3] The village consisted mainly of wooden houses built on stilts,^[3] however, the younger generation has begun to build brick houses.^[9]

Kumarumã has experienced a rapid growth in the 21st century, and a large part of the island has been deforested. The economy is based on fishing and subsistence farming.^[3] The villagers are known for their canoes which they export to French Guiana.^[10]

Kumarumã can only be accessed by boat, and is located about 45 kilometres down river from the Oiapoque River.^[6]

References

^ "VÍDEO: CRIANDO CORPO EM KUMARUMÃ". Padre Nello (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
^ "Caracterização do DSEI Amapá e Norte do Pará, conforme Edital de Chamada Pública n. 2/2017" (PDF). Ministry of Health (Brazil) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Galibi Marworno". Socio Ambiental. Retrieved 29 March 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Anonby 2007, p. 8.
^ ^a ^b Florent Kohler (2010). "Chamanisme et politique dans l'Uaçá, Bas-Oyapock (Amapá, Brésil)". Anthropologie et Sociétés (in French). 34: 13–14.
^ ^a ^b Anonby 2007, p. 4.
^ Anonby 2007, p. 9.
^ "Dsei Ap Polo Base de Saúde Indigena Kumaruma - Aldeia - Oiapoque - AP - Unidade de Atenção A Saúde Indigena". Unidades de Saúde do Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.
^ Anonby 2007, p. 17.
^ Rosélis Remor de Souza Mazurek (2006). "Mapping in the Oiapoque Indigenous Territories". Revue d'ethnoécologie. 9: 27.

Bibliography

Anonby, Stan (2007). "A report on the creoles of Amapá". Journal of Language Survey Reports.

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Kumaruma
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[1] "VÍDEO: CRIANDO CORPO EM KUMARUMÃ". Padre Nello (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.

[2] "Caracterização do DSEI Amapá e Norte do Pará, conforme Edital de Chamada Pública n. 2/2017" (PDF). Ministry of Health (Brazil) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.

[socio-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Galibi Marworno". Socio Ambiental. Retrieved 29 March 2021.

[FOOTNOTEAnonby20078-4] Anonby 2007, p. 8.

[shaman-5] Florent Kohler (2010). "Chamanisme et politique dans l'Uaçá, Bas-Oyapock (Amapá, Brésil)". Anthropologie et Sociétés (in French). 34: 13–14.

[FOOTNOTEAnonby20074-6] Anonby 2007, p. 4.

[FOOTNOTEAnonby20079-7] Anonby 2007, p. 9.

[8] "Dsei Ap Polo Base de Saúde Indigena Kumaruma - Aldeia - Oiapoque - AP - Unidade de Atenção A Saúde Indigena". Unidades de Saúde do Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 March 2021.

[FOOTNOTEAnonby200717-9] Anonby 2007, p. 17.

[revue-10] Rosélis Remor de Souza Mazurek (2006). "Mapping in the Oiapoque Indigenous Territories". Revue d'ethnoécologie. 9: 27.

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Kumarumã Santa Maria dos Galibis
Kumarumã Location in Brazil Show map of Amapá Kumarumã Kumarumã (Brazil) Show map of Brazil
Coordinates: 3°22′44″N 51°17′59″W / 3.3789°N 51.2998°W / 3.3789; -51.2998
Country	Brazil
Region	North
State	Amapá
Municipality	Oiapoque
Government
• Cacique	Paulo Roberto Silva^[1]
Population (2016)^[2]
• Total	2,240
Time zone	UTC-3