Kingsport
City
Broad Street in Downtown Kingsport
Flag Seal Logo
Nickname:  The Model City[1]
Location of Kingsport in Sullivan and Hawkins counties, Tennessee
Kingsport Show map of Tennessee Kingsport Show map of the United States
Coordinates: 36°32′N 82°33′W / 36.533°N 82.550°W / 36.533; -82.550
Country	United States
State	Tennessee
Counties	Sullivan, Hawkins
Settled	1771
Chartered/Rechartered	1822, 1917
Government
• Type	Council-manager
• Mayor	Patrick Shull
• City Manager	Chris McCartt
Area [2]
• City	53.52 sq mi (138.63 km2)
• Land	52.60 sq mi (136.24 km2)
• Water	0.92 sq mi (2.38 km2)
Elevation	1,211 ft (369 m)
Population  (2020)[4]
• City	55,442
• Density	1,053.95/sq mi (406.93/km2)
• Urban	98,411 (US: 316th) [3]
• Metro	309,283 (US: 161st)
Time zone	UTC−5 (EST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP codes	37660, 37662, 37663, 37664, 37665 & 37669
Area code	423
FIPS code	47-39560
GNIS feature ID	1303478[5]
Website	www.kingsporttn.gov

Kingsport is a city in Sullivan and Hawkins counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, its population was 55,442.^[6] Lying along the Holston River, Kingsport is commonly included in what is known as the Mountain Empire, which spans a portion of southwest Virginia and the mountainous counties in northeastern Tennessee. It is the largest city in the Kingsport–Bristol metropolitan area, which had a population of 307,614 in 2020.^[7] The metro area is a component of the larger Tri-Cities region of Tennessee and Virginia, with a population of 508,260 in 2020.

The name "Kingsport" is a simplification of "King's Port", originally referring to the area on the Holston River known as King's Boat Yard, the head of navigation for the Tennessee Valley.^[8]

History

Kingsport was developed after the Revolutionary War, at the confluence of the North and South Forks of the Holston River. In 1787 it was known as "Salt Lick" for an ancient mineral lick. It was first settled along the banks of the South Fork, about a mile from the confluence.^{[citation needed]} The Long Island of the Holston River is near the confluence, which is mostly within the present-day corporate boundaries of Kingsport.^{[citation needed]} The island was an important site for the Cherokee, colonial pioneers and early settlers, and specifically mentioned in the 1770 Treaty of Lochaber.^{[citation needed]}

Early settlements at the site were used as a staging ground for other pioneers who were traveling overland on the Wilderness Road leading to Kentucky through the Cumberland Gap.^{[citation needed]} First chartered in 1822, Kingsport became an important shipping port on the Holston River. Goods originating for many miles around from the surrounding countryside were loaded onto barges for the journey downriver to the Tennessee River at Knoxville.^{[citation needed]}

In the Battle of Kingsport (December 13, 1864) during the Civil War, a force of 300 Confederates under Colonel Richard Morgan stopped a larger Union force for nearly two days. An army of over 5,500 troops under command of Major General George Stoneman had left Knoxville to raid Confederate targets in Virginia: the salt works at Saltville, the lead works at Wytheville, and the iron works in Marion. While Col. Morgan's small band held off a main Union force under Major General Cullem Gillem on the opposite side the Holston River, Union Col. Samuel Patton took a force of cavalry to a ford in the river 2.5 miles (4.0 km) north and came down behind the Confederates. Out-numbered, out-flanked, and demoralised by the bitter winter weather, Col. Morgan surrendered. The Confederates suffered 18 dead, and 84 prisoners of war were sent to a Union prison in Knoxville.^[9]

The city lost its charter after a downturn in its fortunes precipitated by the Civil War.^{[citation needed]}

On September 12, 1916, Kingsport residents demanded the death of circus elephant Mary (an Asian elephant that performed in the Sparks World-famous Shows Circus). She had killed city hotel worker Walter Eldridge, who was hired by the circus the day before as an assistant elephant trainer. Eldridge was attacked and killed by the elephant while he was leading her to a pond. The elephant was impounded by the local sheriff. Leaders of several nearby towns threatened to prevent the circus from performing if it included the elephant. The circus owner, Charlie Sparks, reluctantly decided that the only way to quickly resolve the situation was to hold a public execution. On the following day, she was transported by rail to Erwin, Tennessee, where a crowd of over 2,500 people assembled in the Clinchfield Railroad yard to watch her hang from a railroad crane.^[10]

Re-chartered in 1917, Kingsport was an early example of a "garden city".^{[citation needed]} Part of it was designed by city planner and landscape architect John Nolen of Cambridge, Massachusetts.^{[citation needed]} It was nicknamed as the "Model City" from this plan, which organized the town into areas for commerce, churches, housing and industry. Most of the land on the river was devoted to industry. Most of the Long Island is now occupied by Eastman Chemical Company, which is headquartered in Kingsport. As part of this plan, Kingsport built some of the earliest traffic circles (roundabouts) in the United States.^{[citation needed]}

Into the 1950s, two important public works projects were constructed: the Boone Dam and the Fort Patrick Henry Dam, hydroelectric dams built along the South Fork Holston River.^{[citation needed]} Kingsport was among the first municipalities to adopt a city manager form of government, to professionalize operations of city departments.^{[citation needed]} It developed its school system based on a model promoted by Columbia University.^{[citation needed]} Pal's Sudden Service, a regional fast-food restaurant chain, opened its first location in 1956 and is headquartered in Kingsport. In 2001, Pal's Sudden Service, won the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, becoming the first restaurant company to receive the award.^[11]

Geography

Kingsport is located in western Sullivan County at the intersection of U.S. Routes 11W and 23. Kingsport is the northwest terminus of Interstate 26.

The city is bordered to the west by the town of Mount Carmel, to the southeast by unincorporated Colonial Heights, and to the northeast by unincorporated Bloomingdale. The Kingsport city limits extend west into Hawkins County and north to the Virginia border.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 50.8 square miles (131.5 km²), of which 49.8 square miles (129.0 km²) are land and 0.93 square miles (2.4 km²), or 1.86%, are water.^[12] Most of the water area is in the South Fork Holston River.

Climate

Neighborhoods

Neighborhoods in Kingsport include:^[1]

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1920	5,692		—
1930	11,914		109.3%
1940	14,404		20.9%
1950	19,571		35.9%
1960	26,314		34.5%
1970	31,938		21.4%
1980	32,027		0.3%
1990	36,365		13.5%
2000	44,905		23.5%
2010	48,205		7.3%
2020	55,442		15.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[15] [4]

2020 census

Kingsport racial composition^[16]

Race	Number	Percentage
White (non-Hispanic)	48,212	86.96%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	2,024	3.65%
Native American	144	0.26%
Asian	754	1.36%
Pacific Islander	15	0.03%
Other/Mixed	2,574	4.64%
Hispanic or Latino	1,719	3.1%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 55,442 people, 23,640 households, and 14,273 families residing in the city.

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 44,905 people, 19,662 households and 12,642 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,018.9 inhabitants per square mile (393.4/km²). There were 21,796 housing units at an average density of 494.6 per square mile (191.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 93.32% White, 4.07% African American, 0.79% Asian, 0.24% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.02% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 0.34% some other race, and 1.06% two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.05% of the population.

There were 19,662 households, of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.5% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.7% were non-families. 32.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22, and the average family size was 2.80.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.7% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,524, and the median income for a family was $40,183. Males had a median income of $33,075 versus $23,217 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,549. About 14.2% of families and 17.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.9% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Eastman Chemical Company has its world headquarters in Kingsport.^[17] Domtar operates a 100 percent recycled containerboard facility in Kingsport that formerly was a paper mill established in 1916 that was previously owned by Mead, Willamette, and Weyerhauser. Domtar began the conversion from producing uncoated freesheet paper to containerboard by closing the mill temporarily in August 2020 and reopening the plant in January 2023 after completing the plant's conversion. It is now home to one of the largest recycled containerboard machines in North America. The mill can produce about 600,000 tons of high-performance recycled liner board and corrugated medium annually.^[18] Holston Army Ammunition Plant operated by BAE Systems' Ordnance Systems, Inc. manufactures a wide range of secondary detonating explosives for the Department of Defense.^[19]

In 2019, Kingsport's gross metropolitan product was reported to be US$14.1 billion.^[8]

Sports

The city is home to the Kingsport Axmen, a collegiate summer baseball team of the Appalachian League.^[20] The nickname is in reference to frontiersman Daniel Boone, who began the Wilderness Road in Kingsport.^[20] The Axmen play their home games at Hunter Wright Stadium,^[21] which is named after former mayor Hunter Wright.^[22]

Professional baseball was first played in Kingsport, by the Kingsport Indians in the Appalachian League from 1921 to 1925.^[23] The team went dormant for 12 years before it returned to the circuit as the Kingsport Cherokees from 1938 to 1955—with the exception of the 1942 season as the Kingsport Dodgers and as members of the Mountain States League in 1953 and 1954.^[23] The club was later known as the Kingsport Orioles (1957), Kingsport Pirates (1960–1963), Kingsport Royals (1969–1973), and Kingsport Braves (1974–1979).^[23] The Kingsport Mets were members of the Appy League from 1980 to 2020, except for the 1983 season when the New York Mets temporarily relocated the team to Sarasota, Florida, as the Gulf Coast League Mets, while their home ballpark was being renovated.^[23] In conjunction with a contraction of Minor League Baseball beginning with the 2021 season, the Appalachian League was reorganized as a collegiate summer baseball league, and the Mets were replaced by the Axmen, a new franchise in the revamped league designed for rising college freshman and sophomores.^[24]

Parks and recreation

The Kingsport Parks and Recreation manages several parks within the city.

• Bays Mountain Park
• Borden Park
• Dogwood Park
• Edinburgh Park
• Kingsport Greenbelt Walking/Cycling Trail
• Riverview Splash Pad
• Scott Adams Skate Park

Warrior's Path State Park, a 950 acres (3.8 km²) state park, is located in the Colonial Heights area of the city.

Government

Municipal

Kingsport uses the council-manager system, which was established in 1917 when the city was re-chartered. Kingsport is governed locally by a seven-member Board of Mayor and Aldermen. The citizens elect the mayor to a two-year term and the six aldermen to four-year terms. The elections take place in odd-numbered years, with the mayor and three aldermen elected every two years. New terms begin on July 1. The board elects a vice mayor from among the six aldermen. The council or board then hires a professional city manager.^{[citation needed]}

In late 2021, or early 2022, the board decided to move the election to coincide with the primary elections in Tennessee in August of every even-numbered year.^[25] This changes the Mayoral and Alderman election from May 2023 to August 2024.

Current composition of BMA

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Kingsport
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Member	Position	First Elected	Term Ends
Patrick W. Shull	Mayor	July 1, 2019	August 31, 2024
Colette George	Vice Mayor/Alderman	July 1, 2013	August 31, 2026
Betsy Cooper	Alderman	July 1, 2017	August 31, 2026
Paul Montgomery	Alderman	July 1, 2021	August 31, 2026