A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
| Joe Biden for President 2020 | |
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| Campaign | 2020 Democratic primaries 2020 U.S. presidential election |
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| Affiliation | Democratic Party |
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| Headquarters | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania[3] |
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| Receipts | US$1,064,613,463.22[6] (November 23, 2020) |
| Slogan | Battle for the Soul of the Nation[7] Our Best Days Still Lie Ahead[8] No Malarkey![9] Build Back Better[10] Unite for a Better America[11] |
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Incumbent Tenure
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District Attorney of San Francisco
Attorney General of California
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49th Vice President of the United States Incumbent Published works
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On April 25, 2019, former vice president Joe Biden released a video announcing his candidacy in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries. On November 3, 2020, Biden and his running mate, Kamala Harris, defeated incumbent Republican president Donald Trump and vice president Mike Pence in the general election.
Biden, the vice president of the United States from 2009 to 2017 and previously a U.S. senator from Delaware from 1973 to 2009, had been the subject of widespread speculation as a potential 2020 candidate after declining to be a candidate in 2016.[12] His 2020 campaign positions included codifying Roe v. Wade into statute, creating a public option for health insurance, decriminalizing recreational cannabis, passing the Equality Act, providing tuition-free community college, and passing a $1.7 trillion climate plan embracing the framework of the Green New Deal. Biden supported regulation of fracking as opposed to a complete ban on the practice.
Biden entered the race with very high name recognition. From his campaign announcement up to the start of the elections, he was generally regarded as the Democratic front-runner. He led most national polls through 2019, but did not rank as one of the top three candidates in either the Iowa caucuses or the New Hampshire primary. After underperforming expectations in those contests, he suffered a decline in his polling and lost his frontrunner status to Bernie Sanders. Biden started regaining ground after winning second place in the Nevada caucuses and, on February 29, 2020, he won a landslide victory in the South Carolina Democratic primary, which reinvigorated his campaign. In March, ten of Biden's former competitors endorsed him, bringing the total number of such endorsements to twelve. Biden earned enough delegates on Super Tuesday to pull ahead of Sanders. On April 8, after Sanders suspended his campaign, Biden became the presumptive Democratic presidential nominee.
In June, Biden reached the required number of delegates to become the nominee. On August 11, Biden announced that U.S. Senator Harris would be his vice presidential running mate. On August 18 and 19, Biden and Harris were officially nominated at the Democratic National Convention. For 2020 election, national opinion polls conducted generally showed Biden leading Trump in favorability. On Election Day, the Biden-Harris ticket defeated the Trump-Pence ticket. Biden and Harris won the popular vote, and won the electoral vote by a margin of 306–232. Biden and Harris were sworn in on January 20, 2021.
Background
Previous presidential campaigns
Biden's 2020 presidential campaign was his third attempt to seek election for president of the United States.[13] His first campaign was made in the 1988 Democratic Party primaries where he was initially considered one of the potentially strongest candidates. However, newspapers revealed plagiarism by Biden in law school records and in speeches, a scandal which led to his withdrawal from the race in September 1987.[14]
He made the second attempt during the 2008 Democratic Party primaries, where he focused on his plan to achieve political success in the Iraq War through a system of federalization. Like his first presidential bid, Biden failed to garner endorsements and support. He withdrew from the race after his poor performance in the Iowa caucus on January 3, 2008. He was eventually chosen by Barack Obama as his running mate and won the general election as vice president of the United States, being sworn in on January 20, 2009.
Speculation
Vice President Biden was seen as a potential candidate to succeed President Barack Obama in the 2016 presidential election. On October 21, 2015, following the death of his son Beau, Biden announced that he would not seek the Democratic presidential nomination in 2016.[15][16]
During a tour of the U.S. Senate with reporters on December 5, 2016, Biden refused to rule out a potential bid for the presidency in the 2020 presidential election.[17][18] He reasserted his ambivalence about running on an appearance of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert on December 7, in which he stated "never say never" about running for president in 2020, while also admitting he did not see a scenario in which he would run for office again.[19][20] He seemingly announced on January 13, 2017, exactly one week prior to the expiration of his vice presidential term, that he would not run.[21] However, four days later, he seemed to backtrack, stating "I'll run if I can walk."[22] In September 2017, Biden's daughter Ashley indicated her belief that he was thinking about running in 2020.[23]
Time for Biden
Time for Biden, a political action committee, was formed in January 2018, seeking Biden's entry into the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries.[24][25]
Considering his options
In February 2018, Biden informed a group of longtime foreign policy aides that he was "keeping his 2020 options open".[26]
In March 2018, Politico reported that Biden's team was considering a number of options to distinguish their campaign, such as announcing at the outset a younger vice presidential candidate from outside of politics,[27] and also reported that Biden had rejected a proposition to commit to serving only one term as president.[27] On July 17, 2018, he told a forum held in Bogota, Colombia, that he would decide if he would formally declare as a candidate by January 2019.[28] On February 4, with no decision having been forthcoming from Biden, Edward-Isaac Dovere of The Atlantic wrote that Biden was "very close to saying yes" but that some close to him are worried he will have a last-minute change of heart, as he did in 2016.[29] Dovere reported that Biden was concerned about the effect another presidential run could have on his family and reputation, as well as fundraising struggles and perceptions about his age and relative centrism compared to other declared and potential candidates.[29] Conversely, his "sense of duty", offense at the Trump presidency, the lack of foreign policy experience among other Democratic hopefuls and his desire to foster "bridge-building progressivism" in the party were said to be factors prompting him to run.[29]
Campaign
Announcement
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On March 17, 2019, at a dinner in Dover, Delaware, Biden accidentally revealed that he would run for president in 2020.[30]
On April 19, 2019, The Atlantic reported that Biden planned to officially announce his campaign five days later via a video announcement, followed by a launch rally in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, or Charlottesville, Virginia.[31] Subsequent reports indicated that Biden's plans remained uncertain, with no known launch date, locations for campaign rallies, or permits for an event in Philadelphia.[32][33] On April 23, it was reported that Biden would formally enter the race two days later.[34]
On April 25, 2019, Biden released a video announcing his candidacy for president of the United States.[35] Following a three-week tour, Biden held a campaign rally in Philadelphia on May 18, 2019.[36]
On May 22, the magazine Ebony reported that Biden had begun assembling his 2020 presidential campaign team, to be headquartered in Philadelphia. His team included campaign manager Greg Schultz[37] and director of strategic communications Kamau Mandela Marshall, who both previously worked in the Obama administration,[38][39] as well as other senior advisors from the Obama administration.[40] Additionally, on May 31, the Biden campaign announced that Congressman Cedric Richmond would join the campaign as the national co-chairman.[4]
Key people
- Steve Ricchetti, campaign chairman
- Mike Donilon, chief strategist
- Greg Schultz, 1st campaign manager
- Jen O'Malley Dillon, 2nd campaign manager
- Anita Dunn, senior advisor
- Symone Sanders, senior advisor
- Ron Klain, former Chief of Staff to the Vice President, senior advisor
- Valerie Biden Owens, sister of Joe Biden, senior advisor
Economic policy
- Jeffrey Zients, former director of the National Economic Council[41]
- Jared Bernstein, former chief economics advisor to Joe Biden[41]
- Heather Boushey, economist[41][42]
- Ben Harris, former Chief Economist and Chief Economic Advisor to Vice President Joe Biden[41][43]
Fundraising and strategy
On April 26, 2019, Biden's campaign announced that they had raised $6.3 million in the first 24 hours, surpassing all other candidates' first 24-hour fundraising totals for the Democratic presidential nomination at that time.[44] Biden's fundraising came from 128,000 unique contributors, equivalent to that of Beto O'Rourke's campaign, but about 40% lower than that of Bernie Sanders, who had 223,000 unique contributors in the first 24 hours of his campaign.[45]
According to a Politico article, the Biden campaign was operating on the premise that the Democratic base is not nearly as liberal or youthful as perceived. Privately, several Biden advisers acknowledged that their theory was based on polling data and voting trends, contending that the media is pushing the idea of a hyper-progressive Democratic electorate being propagated by a Twitter bubble and being out of touch with the average rank-and-file Democrat. In April 2019, Biden told reporters, "The fact of the matter is the vast majority of the members of the Democratic Party are still basically liberal to moderate Democrats in the traditional sense." Biden also described himself as an "Obama-Biden Democrat". An unspecified Biden adviser said, "There's a big disconnect between the media narrative and what the primary electorate looks like and thinks, versus the media narrative and the Twitter narrative the Democratic primary universe is far less liberal. It's older than you think it is." From April 25 to May 25, 2019, Biden's campaign spent 83% of his total $1.2 million Facebook ad funding on targeting voters 45 years and older. No other top 2020 Democratic candidate has pursued a similar strategy in the primary.[46]
Biden, along with Bernie Sanders, was often perceived as the candidate with the best chance of defeating Donald Trump in the general election.[47] According to The Washington Post, this may be because of his more moderate policies, or it may be because voters or party leaders believe a white male candidate is more "electable".[48] Joe Biden said that his late son Beau should be running instead of him if he were alive.[49][50][51] Biden led most national polls through 2019.[52][53] The Biden campaign came to rely on volunteer groups such as the Biden Digital Coalition for their social media presence and for tracking disinformation.[54][55]
The campaign raised $70 million during the 2020 Democratic National Convention.[56] The campaign and DNC combined raised a record $365 million in August 2020, compared to $154 million by Trump and the RNC.[57] Biden raised another $383 million in September 2020, breaking his own record from the previous month.[58]
Early primary election results
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During the Iowa caucuses held on February 3, 2020, Biden came in fourth place, earning six pledged delegates.[59] In the New Hampshire primary held on February 11, Biden came in fifth place and did not earn any delegates due to his failure to meet the required 15% eligibility threshold.[60] After poor showings in Iowa and New Hampshire, some media outlets questioned whether Biden's status as the most electable candidate was accurate.[61] Biden subsequently finished a distant second in the Nevada caucuses held on February 22, but his campaign viewed his large support among black voters in the state as a sign of strength heading into the South Carolina primary.[62]
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Biden won the South Carolina primary election held on February 29. Biden won all 46 counties in the state, winning 48.7% of the popular vote and earning 39 delegates.[63] The win was largely attributed to his support from 61% of African-American voters (African-American voters make up approximately 60% of the Democratic electorate in South Carolina).[64] Before the primary on February 26, Jim Clyburn endorsed Biden.[65] Many cited Clyburn's endorsement as a reason for Biden's wide margin of victory, as Clyburn's endorsement is a deciding factor for many African American voters in South Carolina. Thirty-six percent of all primary voters said that they made their decision after Clyburn's endorsement; of that total, 70% voted for Biden.[66][67] According to FiveThirtyEight, the outcome significantly boosted Biden's chance of winning multiple Super Tuesday states (especially southern states like North Carolina, Texas, and Virginia).[68]
In early March, shortly before Super Tuesday, Pete Buttigieg and Amy Klobuchar dropped out of the race and endorsed Biden, widely perceived as attempts to slow down Sanders' momentum in the primaries.[69][70][71] Beto O'Rourke, Cory Booker and Kamala Harris, who had all suspended their campaign months before, also endorsed Biden at around the same time.[72] On the Super Tuesday primary elections on March 3, Biden won Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia, earning a total of 458 delegates,[73] and pulling ahead of Bernie Sanders in the race.[74] According to an exit poll, Biden received a substantial amount of support from voters who made up their minds in the last few days before the election. Late voters also preferred a candidate who they believed could defeat Trump more than one who agreed with them on issues.[75] Biden's strong Super Tuesday performance led him to say he had "Joementum."[76]
On March 9, CNN reported that Biden had a double-digit lead over Sanders in a nationwide poll.[77] On March 12, with the coronavirus pandemic looming, Biden changed campaign managers, replacing Greg Schultz with Jen O'Malley Dillon.[78]
COVID-19 and presumptive nominee
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization officially designated the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic.[79] As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many of the scheduled primaries were postponed. Aides to both Biden's and Sanders's campaigns were in contact regarding the pandemic and its effects.[80]
On March 15, Jen O'Malley Dillon was announced as Biden's new campaign manager, replacing Greg Schultz.[81]
Leading up to the 11th Democratic presidential debate, Biden announced two new progressive policies: making public colleges and universities tuition-free for students of families whose income is less than $125,000, and allowing for student loan debts to default during bankruptcy.[82] The debate was held on March 15, 2020, and was the first to feature only the race's two lead finalists. Biden announced that if he secured the nomination, he would choose a female running mate, having previously hinted as much by naming several contenders.[83][b] On April 3, Biden announced that his campaign would unveil a committee to vet prospective vice presidential candidates later in the month.[84]
On March 25, when asked whether he would debate Sanders again, Biden said, "My focus is just dealing with this crisis right now. I haven't thought about any more debates. I think we've had enough debates. I think we should get on with this."[85]
Sanders dropped out of the race on April 8, 2020[86] and endorsed Biden for president on April 13.[87] When Sanders suspended his campaign, Biden became the presumptive Democratic presidential nominee.[88] Biden is the second candidate in history to lose both the Iowa caucuses and the New Hampshire primary and still become the Democratic nominee (the first was Bill Clinton in 1992).[89]
On April 9, 2020, a former Senate staffer told law enforcement officials that Biden had sexually assaulted her in 1993; his campaign denied the accusation.[90][91] On May 1, Biden stated that the allegation was false and requested that the secretary of the Senate work with the National Archives and Records Administration to identify and release any relevant documents.[92] The Senate denied this request, saying personnel files are "strictly confidential".[93] Two weeks later, Biden stated that he did not remember his accuser at all.[94]
The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affected Biden's campaign.[95] On April 25, 2020, The New York Times reported that Biden had "developed a routine, of sorts, as he seeks the presidency from his basement". The Times added:
With the coronavirus outbreak freezing the country’s public life, Mr. Biden has been forced to adapt to a cloistered mode of campaigning never before seen in modern American politics. He was unable to embark on a victory tour after the Democratic primaries or hold unity rallies with onetime rivals like Senators Bernie Sanders of Vermont and Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts. Instead, the former vice president is in a distinctive kind of lockdown, walled off from voters, separated from his top strategists and yet leading in the polls.[96]
By June 9, Biden had enough delegates to secure his nomination as the Democratic candidate.[97]
Biden-Sanders Unity Task Forces
After Sanders withdrew from the race, Biden and Sanders formed a series of task forces. These task forces aimed to bridge the divide between the moderate wing of the Democratic party, represented by Biden, and the left wing of the party, represented by Sanders.[87]
On May 13, Biden and Sanders announced that the six task forces would be co-chaired by Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, former secretary of state John Kerry, Rep. Pramila Jayapal, former Surgeon General Vivek Murthy, NILC director Marielena Hincapié, Rep. Lucille Roybal-Allard, AFA president Sara Nelson, Rep. Karen Bass, civil rights attorney Chiraag Bains, Rep. Bobby Scott, Dr. Heather Gautney, and Rep. Marcia Fudge.[98]
Six task forces were formed, each with members representing each candidate, covering climate change, criminal justice reform, the economy, education, health care, and immigration.[99] The final report was released on July 8, 2020, and was expected to form the basis of the 2020 Democratic presidential platform.[100][101] The six groups were coordinated by Analilia Mejia, political director to the Sanders primary campaign, and Carmel Martin, an advisor to Biden.[101][102]
(Italics denotes the Chair of a committee)
Unity Task Force on Climate Change |
Unity Task Force on Criminal Justice Reform
|
Unity Task Force on the Economy
|
Unity Task Force on Education
|
Unity Task Force on Health Care |
Unity Task Force on Immigration
|
Outcomes of the task forces
On July 8, Biden's campaign released a set of policy recommendations adopted by the Unity Task Forces appointed by him and Bernie Sanders. The recommendations focus on climate change, criminal justice, the economy, education, health care, and immigration.[103]
Vice presidential announcement and Democratic convention
On August 5, it was reported that Biden would accept the Democratic nomination from his home state of Delaware due to the pandemic.[104]
On August 11, Biden announced that Kamala Harris would be his running mate.[105][b] The next day, the two made their first public appearance together promoting their mutual campaigns.[106]
On August 18, the second night of the 2020 Democratic National Convention, the party officially nominated Biden,[107] making him the first non-incumbent vice president to be nominated for president since Walter Mondale in 1984.[108][109] On August 19, Harris was nominated for vice president, making her the first Asian American and the first female African American to be nominated for vice president on a major party ticket.[110] Biden accepted the nomination two nights later. Chris Wallace of Fox News Sunday called Biden's acceptance speech "enormously effective" and said he "blew a big hole" in Trump's characterization of the candidate as being "mentally shot."[111] During the convention, delegates adopted the party platform, which was drafted by a committee of many of the same people from the unity task forces and based on the recommendations issued by those task forces.[112][113]
Presidential debates
Since Biden's successful nomination in the Democratic primaries Trump attempted to cast doubt over Biden's abilities, claiming that he was suffering from dementia and that he was taking performance-enhancing drugs in the primaries. Trump called for Biden to be drug tested before the presidential debate; Biden declined. Trump also claimed that Biden would use a hidden electronic earpiece for the debate, demanding that Biden's ears be searched. Again, Biden declined.[114][115]
The first debate took place at Cleveland Clinic on September 29. It was moderated by Chris Wallace. Debate topics included Trump's and Biden's records, the economy, the COVID-19 pandemic, race relations, and the Supreme Court nomination of Amy Coney Barrett. Each speaker was to have two minutes to state their positions followed with a period of discussion. The debate quickly devolved into cross talk and interruptions and was widely criticized as being a low point in U.S. presidential politics. Although Wallace pleaded multiple times with Trump to follow the agreed-upon debate rules, Trump frequently interrupted and spoke over Biden and at times with Wallace as well.[116][117] Following the debate Wallace stated that while his own family and the Biden family wore masks as had been required for those in attendance, the Trump family did not and refused the masks offered to them by Cleveland Clinic staffers.[118]
The vice presidential debate between Harris and Pence took place as scheduled on October 7 with Susan Page serving as moderator. The debate was generally seen as civil although there were frequent instances of both candidates interrupting while the other was speaking, with Harris interrupting only about half as often as Pence. Pence also repeatedly spoke beyond his allotted time, ignoring Page's attempts of asking him to mind the two-minute time limits. A CNN poll of registered voters found that 59% felt Harris had won, while 38% felt Pence to be the winner.[119]
The second debate was scheduled to take place on October 15,[120][121] but was cancelled in light of the White House COVID-19 outbreak and Trump's declared intention not to participate in a virtual debate.[122] In response to Trump's refusal to debate Biden scheduled a town hall on ABC for October 15; Trump then scheduled a town hall as well, on the same date and at the same time, to be broadcast on NBC, MSNBC, and CNBC. According to Nielsen ratings, nearly 700,000 more viewers watched Biden's town hall than those who watched Trump's, even though Trump appeared on three outlets.[123][124]
The final debate took place on Thursday, October 22, 2020, from 9:00 p.m. to 10:30 p.m. EDT, at the Curb Event Center in Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee, with Kristen Welker of NBC moderating.[125] While it was originally planned to be the third debate, it was the second due to the cancellation of the October 15 debate. The topics covered included: fighting the current COVID-19 pandemic, American families, racial issues, climate change, national security, and leadership. The debate rules were similar to the first, but due to President Trump's repeated interruptions in the prior debate, each candidate's microphones would be muted when it was not their turn to speak. This debate was considered to be drastically less hostile and much more informative, but both candidates still made several false or misleading claims.[126][127] A post-debate CNN/SSRS poll found that 53% of debate-viewers thought that Biden had won and 39% thought Trump had won, with a margin of error of 5.7 points.[128]
Final monthedit
On October 6, Biden made a campaign speech in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, called "the best of his campaign" by CNN's John Avlon.[129]
On October 15, both Biden and Trump held separate town hall speeches, replacing the cancelled second debate.[130]
On October 22, Biden and Trump participated in a second and final debate in Nashville, Tennessee. In contrast to the first debate, the microphones of both candidates were muted at select times.[131] Trump pressed Biden on renewed allegations that during his time as vice president, members of his family had personally profited from his position in Ukraine and China; Biden denied any misconduct and pointed out controversies involving Trump and those countries.[132] Trump repeatedly asked why Biden had not delivered on his 2020 campaign promises during his eight years in the White House, to which Biden responded, "we had a Republican Congress."[133]
Texas Trump Train incidentedit
On Friday, October 30, 2020, a Biden campaign bus was reportedly surrounded and harassed by a "Trump Train" convoy of Trump supporters while traveling from San Antonio to Austin, Texas along Interstate 35. The bus, which carried former state senator Wendy Davis and several campaign staffers, was followed along the interstate by nearly 100 vehicles, including many flying Donald Trump flags. The vehicles forced the campaign bus to slow its speed to 20 miles per hour. No one was injured, and local law enforcement helped the bus reach its destination.[134][135] There was a minor collision between a vehicle driven by a Trump supporter and a vehicle driven by a Biden campaign staffer.[136] After the incident, the Biden campaign cancelled two planned events in Austin, Texas.[137][138]
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) launched an investigation into the incident.[135][139][140][141] Trump subsequently criticized the FBI's decision at a rally. He later tweeted, "In my opinion, these patriots did nothing wrong. Instead, the FBI & Justice should be investigating the terrorists, anarchists, and agitators of ANTIFA, who run around burning down our Democrat run cities and hurting our people!"[142][143]
In response to the Trump train incident, two lawsuits were filed—one against the drivers, and one against local law enforcement. Transcripts of a 911 call regarding the incident indicated that San Marcos police refused to escort the bus and laughed and joked about the situation.[144]
Election Day and beyondedit
The presidential election was held on November 3, 2020. On November 6, election-calling organization Decision Desk HQ asserted that Biden had won the election based on its forecast that Biden had won Pennsylvania; this result, coupled with Biden's other projected state wins, would give him over 270 electoral college votes.[145][146]
Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Joe_Biden_2020_presidential_campaign
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