Jackson Heights–  Roosevelt Avenue/74 Street  ​​​​
New York City Subway station complex
The station complex and adjoining bus terminal as seen from Broadway and 75th Street
Station statistics
Address	Roosevelt Avenue, 74th Street & Broadway Jackson Heights, NY
Borough	Queens
Locale	Jackson Heights
Coordinates	40°44′48″N 73°53′28″W / 40.74667°N 73.89111°W / 40.74667; -73.89111
Division	A (IRT), B (IND)[1]
Line	IRT Flushing Line IND Queens Boulevard Line
Services	7  (all times)​    E  (all times) ​   F  (all times) <F>  (two rush hour trains, peak direction) ​   M  (weekdays during the day) ​   R  (all times except late nights)
Transit	See Victor A. Moore Bus Terminal section
Levels	2
Other information
Accessible	ADA-accessible
Traffic
2023	14,348,691[2]  21.1%
Rank	9 out of 423[2]
Location Show map of New York City Subway Show map of New York City Show map of New York
Street map
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times except late nights Stops all times Stops weekdays during the day Stops rush hours in the peak direction only (limited service)

The Jackson Heights–Roosevelt Avenue/74th Street station is a New York City Subway station complex served by the IRT Flushing Line and the IND Queens Boulevard Line. Located at the triangle of 74th Street, Broadway, and Roosevelt Avenue in Jackson Heights, Queens, it is served by the 7, E, and F trains at all times; the R train at all times except late nights; the M train weekdays during the day; and the <F> train during rush hours in the reverse peak direction.

The complex consists of two stations: the elevated station at Broadway–74th Street, built for the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) and Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT), and the underground IND station at Jackson Heights–Roosevelt Avenue, built for the Independent Subway System (IND). The elevated station was built as part of the Dual Contracts and opened on April 21, 1917; the station was also served by the BRT and its successor, the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation, until 1949. The IND station opened on August 19, 1933, and was the terminus of the Queens Boulevard Line until 1936. Escalators between the two stations were installed in the 1950s, and the complex was substantially rebuilt between 2000 and 2005.

The IRT Flushing Line station has two side platforms and three tracks; rush-hour express trains use the inner track to bypass the station. The IND Queens Boulevard Line station has two island platforms and four tracks. A third platform above the Queens Boulevard Line platforms was completed as part of the IND Second System but never opened. The station complex contains elevators, which make it compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. There is also an at-grade bus terminal, known as the Victor A. Moore Bus Terminal, next to the station's main entrance at Broadway and Roosevelt Avenue. In 2023, it was the busiest subway station in Queens and the 9th busiest subway station in the system.^[2]

History

Development

IRT station

The 1913 Dual Contracts called for the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) and Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT; later Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation, or BMT) to build new lines in Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx. Queens did not receive many new IRT and BRT lines compared to Brooklyn and the Bronx, since the city's Public Service Commission (PSC) wanted to alleviate subway crowding in the other two boroughs first before building in Queens, which was relatively undeveloped. The IRT Flushing Line was to be one of two Dual Contracts lines in the borough, along with the Astoria Line; it would connect Flushing and Long Island City, two of Queens' oldest settlements, to Manhattan via the Steinway Tunnel. When the majority of the line was built in the early 1910s, most of the route went through undeveloped land, and Roosevelt Avenue had not been constructed.^[3]: 47 Community leaders advocated for more Dual Contracts lines to be built in Queens to allow development there.^[4]

The 74th Street station opened on April 21, 1917, as part of an extension of the line from Queensboro Plaza to 103rd Street–Corona Plaza.^[5][6] At the time, the station was known as Broadway.^[6] The IRT agreed to operate the line under the condition that any loss of profits would be repaid by the city.^[7] The opening of the line helped spur the development of Jackson Heights, Queens, which previously had been farmland.^[8] In 1923, the BMT started operating shuttle services along the Flushing Line, which terminated at Queensboro Plaza.^[9] The city government took over the IRT's operations on June 12, 1940.^[10][11] The IRT routes were given numbered designations in 1948 with the introduction of "R-type" rolling stock, which contained rollsigns with numbered designations for each service.^[12] The route from Times Square to Flushing became known as the 7.^[13]

IND station

The Queens Boulevard Line was one of the first built by the city-owned Independent Subway System (IND), and was planned to stretch between the IND Eighth Avenue Line in Manhattan and 178th Street and Hillside Avenue in Jamaica, Queens, with a stop at Roosevelt Avenue.^[14][15] The line was first proposed in 1925.^[16] Construction of the line was approved by the New York City Board of Estimate on October 4, 1928.^[17] As planned, Roosevelt Avenue was to be one of the Queens Boulevard Line's five express stops, as well as one of 22 total stops on the line between Seventh Avenue in Manhattan and 178th Street in Queens.^[18] Although the line ran along Queens Boulevard for much of its route, the segment in western Queens was diverted northward to serve Jackson Heights.^[19] The line was constructed using the cut-and-cover tunneling method.^[20] Temporary bridges were built over the trenches to allow pedestrians to cross,^[20] and Roosevelt Avenue was partially closed.^[21] Construction of the line between Manhattan and Jackson Heights was split into four phases; by late 1931, these phases were between 90% and 99% complete.^[22]

Before the IND station opened, Bickford's leased a store within a two-story building that housed one of the subway's entrances.^[23] The Roosevelt Avenue station opened on August 19, 1933, as the terminus of the first section of the line, which stretched from the connection to the Eighth Avenue Line at 50th Street.^[24][25] Three thousand people converged at the station's 73rd and 74th Street exits, hoping to be the first to ride.^[25] A transfer to and from the Flushing Line station at Broadway was implemented.^[24][26][27] One real-estate expert wrote that the station was "the only place in Queens where the interchange between the elevated and the subway system can be made at a common point".^[28] Initially, the line was served only by E trains, which ran local.^[29][30] In its first year, the IND station collected nearly two million fares, more than the IRT and BMT collected at the Broadway station.^[31] By 1938, the station recorded over five million annual entries.^[32]

The construction of the new Roosevelt Avenue complex led to increased demand for housing in the area.^[33] It also inspired plans for an unbuilt shopping mall nearby,^[34] and real-estate investors speculated that sales and rentals of real estate on Roosevelt Avenue would increase significantly.^[35] However, no large commercial developments were built around the station in the years after the IND station opened.^[36] The station was the Queens Boulevard Line's terminus from 1933 until an extension east to Union Turnpike opened on December 31, 1936.^[37][38][39] The E began making express stops on the line in 1937,^[40] and local GG trains began serving the Roosevelt Avenue station at the time.^[41] With the opening of the IND Sixth Avenue Line in 1940, F trains began running express along the Queens Boulevard Line west of 71st Avenue, stopping at the Roosevelt Avenue station.^[42]

As part of the never-completed IND Second System, announced in 1929, the Winfield Spur line would have diverged from the Queens Boulevard Line just east of the Roosevelt Avenue station.^[43][44] A second station was built for this line above the Queens Boulevard Line platforms; the Winfield Spur station was finished but never opened.^[45][46]

Station complex

1940s and 1950s

In 1940, Victor Moore, a notable Broadway performer and Freeport resident,^[47][48] asked the New York City Board of Estimate for permission to build a $375,000 bus terminal in his name near the station.^[49] When the Board of Estimate approved the project that December, Moore invited board members to see his musical Louisiana Purchase at the Imperial Theatre.^[49][50] Moore acquired all remaining lots on the block in February 1941^[51][52] and began construction on the terminal that June,^[53][54] obtaining a $250,000 mortgage for the project.^[55] Nine businesses signed lease for the terminal in September,^[56] and the Victor Moore Arcade officially opened on December 11, 1941.^[47][57] It served as a hub for the operations of Triboro Coach,^[58][59] allowing subway passengers to transfer to and from buses for distant neighborhoods and for LaGuardia Airport,^[60]

As part of the unification of the New York City Subway system, free transfers between the BMT/IRT and IND stations commenced on July 1, 1948; initially, passengers were issued paper tickets.^[61][62] On October 17, 1949, the joint BMT/IRT operation of the Flushing Line ended, and the line became the responsibility of the IRT.^[63] In August 1951, the New York City Board of Transportation approved the installation of six escalators at the Roosevelt Avenue/74th Street station. The $965,000 contract called for one escalator between the IND mezzanine and either of the IND platforms; two escalators between the IND and IRT mezzanines; and one escalator between the IRT mezzanine and either of the IRT platforms.^[64][65] In 1956, the New York City Transit Authority announced that it would open a request for proposal for additional escalators between the IRT and IND stations.^[66] At the time, the station had six exits,^[a] but only one token booth in the IND mezzanine, which led to severe congestion during rush hours.^[67]

After the end of BMT/IRT dual service, the New York City Board of Transportation announced that the Flushing Line platforms would be lengthened to 11 IRT car lengths; the platforms were only able to fit nine 51-foot-long IRT cars beforehand.^[68][69] The platforms at the 74th Street station were extended in 1955–1956 to accommodate 11-car trains.^[70] However, nine-car trains continued to run on the 7 route until 1962, when they were extended to ten cars.^[71] With the opening of the 1964 New York World's Fair, trains were lengthened to eleven cars.^[72][73]

1960s to 1980s

On May 2, 1970, an out-of-service GG train collided with another GG train in revenue service on the Queens Boulevard Line. The revenue-service train was switching from the southbound express track to the local track (it had been rerouted around the out-of-service train). Two people died and 71 were injured in the worst subway collision since the 1928 Times Square derailment.^[74][75][76] Following the 1970 accident, New York Magazine highlighted the state of the subway system in a lengthy exposé, in which it concluded that the subway's condition was getting worse compared to previous years.^[74] The station remained a transfer hub for passengers traveling to LaGuardia Airport, which had no direct subway service.^[77]

To speed up passenger flow, dozens of platform conductors were assigned to direct crowds on the Queens Boulevard Line platforms during the late 1980s.^[78]

1990s and 2000s

Triboro Coach leased the Victor Moore Arcade from Arnold Gumowitz for $1 a year until 1997.^[79] The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) acquired the Victor Moore Arcade in March 1999, paying Gumowitz $9.5 million.^[80] Later that year, the MTA began buying out 25 merchants' leases within the arcade in preparation for a $90 million renovation of the station complex.^[81] The MTA planned to install four elevators, rebuild staircases, and erect the station's main entrance on the arcade's site.^[79][82] At the time, the station was the second-busiest in Queens, but the bus terminal was too short to fit CNG-powered buses.^[82] The arcade's layout was also inconvenient; bus passengers had to walk outside or through a bakery to access the subway, and passengers had to ascend to a mezzanine before they could access the underground Queens Boulevard Line platforms.^[79] The passageways were also narrow and convoluted, causing congestion during peak times.^[83]

The MTA proposed hiring Vollmer Associates to design the station's renovation in late 1999,^[83] and the MTA announced in 2000 that it would demolish the Victor Moore Arcade as part of the renovation.^[84][85] All merchants had moved out by May 2000.^[86] Advocacy group Straphangers Campaign conducted a poll the same year, in which riders ranked Jackson Heights–Roosevelt Avenue/74th Street station as the dirtiest among the city's 15 busiest stations.^[85][87] The MTA began restoring the bus terminal in early May 2001.^[88][89] The MTA approved a renovation of the station itself in September 2002; at the time, the project was slated to cost $87 million.^[90] Fox & Fowle and Vollmer Associates designed the project.^[91] The Flushing Line platforms and the bus terminal were completely rebuilt, and the canopies above the Flushing Line platforms were extended to cover the whole platform.^[91] The Queens Boulevard Line platforms were refurbished by construction firm Skanska^[92] at a total cost of $132 million.^[93][94] The renovation also involved adding 8,600 square feet (800 m²) of retail space,^[95] expanding the upper mezzanine on either side of 74th Street,^[96] and installing elevators.^[97][86]

Local merchants complained that the construction damaged their stores and drove away customers.^[98] As part of the renovation, the MTA had removed the complex's payphones in April 2005,^[99] prompting state senator John Sabini to request that the phones be restored.^[100] The MTA agreed to restore the phones that August after Sabini said a woman had died at the station because the lack of phones made it hard to contact paramedics.^[99] Local residents also complained that the MTA did not give them enough information about closures due to the ongoing renovation.^[96] The new station building was completed in 2005^[101] to a design by Stantec.^[102] The Jackson Heights bus terminal opened on July 13, 2005.^[101][103]

2010s to present

In 2011, as part of a pilot program, the MTA installed an online interactive touchscreen kiosk called the "On The Go! Travel Station" at the Roosevelt Avenue/74th Street station.^[104][105] As part of a $11,2 million project, the MTA replaced two of the escalators connecting the IND and IRT mezzanines between July 2014 and early 2015.^[106] In late 2022, the MTA announced plans to replace three of the complex's elevators during 2023.^[107]

Station layout

3rd floor	Side platform
	Southbound local	← toward 34th Street–Hudson Yards (69th Street)
	Peak-direction express	← AM rush does not stop here ← PM rush/evenings does not stop here →
	Northbound local	→ toward Flushing–Main Street (82nd Street–Jackson Heights) →
	Side platform
2nd floor	Upper mezzanine	Connection between entrance/exit and elevated platforms
Ground	Street level	Exit/entrance, station house, fare control, bus loops Elevator after fare control in station house between 74th and 75th Streets
Basements 1 and 2	Lower mezzanines	Connection between entrance/exit and underground platforms
Basement 3	Southbound local	← toward Middle Village–Metropolitan Avenue weekdays (65th Street) ← toward Bay Ridge–95th Street (65th Street) ← toward World Trade Center, toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue late nights (65th Street)
	Island platform
	Southbound express	← toward World Trade Center (Queens Plaza) ← toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (21st Street–Queensbridge)
	Northbound express	→ toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (Forest Hills–71st Avenue) → → toward Jamaica–179th Street (Forest Hills–71st Avenue) →
	Island platform
	Northbound local	→ toward Forest Hills–71st Avenue weekdays (Elmhurst Avenue) → → toward Forest Hills–71st Avenue (Elmhurst Avenue) → → toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer, toward Jamaica–179th Street late nights (Elmhurst Avenue) →

The station complex consists of two separate stations, connected by escalators, stairs, and elevators. The main entrance, a station building bounded by Roosevelt Avenue, 75th Street, Broadway, and 74th Street, includes the Victor A. Moore Bus Terminal.^[88] The new station building is one of the first green buildings in the MTA system, which is partially powered by solar panels on the roof of the station building^[101][102] and above the IRT platform.^[93] The solar panels were added following the success of a similar project at the Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue station.^[108] The building is made of recycled material such as concrete consisted of 15% fly ash and steel that was prefabricated; in addition, the builders recycled 86% of the waste materials.^[102] The station building also contains some retail space at the corner of 75th Street and Broadway, and also leases a few other spaces between the fare control area and the bus terminal.^[94] Four elevators make the entire station complex ADA-accessible.^[86]

Two stairs and an elevator from each of the Flushing Line platforms, lead down to an above-ground landing, whereupon a set of stairs leads to the main station house, which also contains the station agent booth.^[109] The Flushing-bound platform's elevator leads from the Flushing-bound platform to the aboveground landing, then to the street level fare control, and finally to a landing between the street level and the belowground Queens Boulevard Line mezzanine.^[110] The full-time station agent booth, and two banks of turnstiles for fare control, are located in this station house at street level.^[109][110] Two escalators also lead directly from the Flushing Line landing to the Queens Boulevard Line mezzanine.^[110] From the mezzanine, various stairs lead down to each of the Queens Boulevard Line platforms, and an elevator from the belowground landing leads to the mezzanine and the Manhattan-bound platform. At the edges of the Flushing Line landing, stairs go towards a room where in the right, a narrow stairwell (originally an escalator passageway, but currently under construction) goes towards the Basement. There is another elevator from the Forest Hills- and Jamaica-bound platform to the mezzanine.^[110] There are also some stores and an ATM lining the mezzanine within fare control.^[110] In total, the station has 8,600 square feet (800 m²) of storefront space.^[111]

The 2004 artwork in the station house is called Passage by Tom Patti, and was designed in conjunction with FX+FOWLE Architects. The artwork consisted of trapezoid-shaped laminated glass panels located on the upper part of the building's eastern facade. The glass panels break up light into different colors, depending on the vantage point.^[112][113]

Alternate exits

At 73rd Street and Broadway, on the north side of Roosevelt Avenue, a set of stairs from each of the IRT Flushing Line platforms lead down to a landing below the elevated structure.^[110] There is a connection to the Queens Boulevard Line mezzanine via three long, narrow escalators, where there are exits from the below-ground fare control points.^[109]

Exits from the underground mezzanine lead to the station building; the northeast corner of 73rd Street, 37th Road, and Broadway; the southwest corner of Broadway and 74th Street; and both eastern corners of Broadway and 75th Street.^[114] The only direct exit from the Flushing Line platforms is from the 74th Street mezzanine, which leads to the station building, with an additional side exit to the northeast corner of Roosevelt Avenue and 74th Street.^[109][114]

IRT Flushing Line platforms

74 Street–Broadway
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Manhattan bound platform
Station statistics
Division	A (IRT)[1]
Line	IRT Flushing Line
Services	7  (all times)
Structure	Elevated
Platforms	2 side platforms
Tracks	3
Other information
Opened	April 21, 1917; 107 years ago (1917-04-21)[5]
Accessible	ADA-accessible
Opposite- direction transfer	Yes
Former/other names	Broadway
Services Preceding station New York City Subway Following station 69th Street toward 34th Street–Hudson Yards Local 82nd Street–Jackson Heights toward Flushing–Main Street 90th Street–Elmhurst Avenue One-way operation does not stop here
Track layout Legend to 82nd Street–Jackson Heights to 69th Street
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times

The 74th Street–Broadway station (originally Broadway station^[6]) on the IRT Flushing Line is a local station that has three tracks and two side platforms.^[115] The center track is used by the rush hour peak direction <7> express service, but trains do not stop here,^[116] although there are track switches at either side to let express trains stop there in case of emergency or to allow transfers when work on a local track forces trains to run express.^[115] The station is between 69th Street to the west and 82nd Street–Jackson Heights to the east.^[117]

The station has two fare control areas at 73rd Street and two at 74th. The 74th Street mezzanine has a wooden floor with windscreens on the stairs, a booth, and a crossunder, with stairs to both the new station building and to the northeast corner of 74th Street and Roosevelt Avenue.^[109] The 73rd Street mezzanine contains wooden stair walls, no windows, and no booth (the booth being in the IND entrance at street level). The canopy at the west end is different, having been added later than the original canopy.^[109] Both canopies originally measured only 300 feet (91 m) long, but they were extended to cover the entire length of the platforms in the mid-2000s.^[93]

IND Queens Boulevard Line platforms

Jackson Heights–  Roosevelt Avenue  ​​​
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Trains departing northbound platform
Station statistics
Division	B (IND)[1]
Line	IND Queens Boulevard Line
Services	E  (all times) ​   F  (all times) <F>  (two rush hour trains, peak direction) ​   M  (weekdays during the day) ​   R  (all times except late nights)
Structure	Underground
Levels	2 (upper level unused)
Platforms	2 island platforms cross-platform interchange
Tracks	4
Other information
Opened	August 19, 1933; 90 years ago (1933-08-19)
Accessible	ADA-accessible
Opposite- direction transfer	Yes
Former/other names	Roosevelt Avenue–Jackson Heights
Services Preceding station New York City Subway Following station Queens Plaza E  toward World Trade Center Express Forest Hills–71st Avenue E  ​F  <F> services split 21st Street–Queensbridge F  <F> toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue Express Forest Hills–71st Avenue E  ​F  <F> eastbound 65th Street E  ​F  ​M  ​R  via Queens Plaza Local Elmhurst Avenue E  ​F  ​M  ​R  toward Forest Hills–71st Avenue
Track layout Legend to Forest Hills–71st Avenue to Elmhurst Avenue Trackways to upper level to 65th Street to Queens Plaza or 21st Street–Queensbridge Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Jackson_Heights–Roosevelt_Avenue/74th_Street_(New_York_City_Subway) Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia.  Navigácia: Veda > Analytika Antropológia Aplikované vedy Bibliometria Dejiny vedy Encyklopédie Filozofia vedy Forenzné vedy Humanitné vedy Knižničná veda Kryogenika Kryptológia Kulturológia Literárna veda Medzidisciplinárne oblasti Metódy kvantitatívnej analýzy Metavedy Metodika Metodológia vedy Náboženstvo a veda Náučná literatúra Podvody vo vede Popularizácia vedy Potravinárstvo Prírodné vedy Pseudoveda Scientometria Spoločenské vedy Teórie Teatrológia Technické vedy Technika Terminológia Umenie Výskum Veda Veda a technika podľa štátu Veda a technika podľa kontinentu Veda a technika podľa roka Veda v kozme Vedci Vedecká literatúra Vedecké databázy Vedecké experimenty Vedecké konferencie Vedecké metódy Vedecké ocenenia Vedecké organizácie Vedecké parky Vedeckí spisovatelia Vzdelávanie Záhady Príbuzné výrazy: Text je dostupný za podmienok Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 3.0 Unported; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. Podrobnejšie informácie nájdete na stránke Podmienky použitia. www.astronomia.sk | www.biologia.sk | www.botanika.sk | www.dejiny.sk | www.economy.sk | www.elektrotechnika.sk | www.estetika.sk | www.farmakologia.sk | www.filozofia.sk | Fyzika | www.futurologia.sk | www.genetika.sk | www.chemia.sk | www.lingvistika.sk | www.politologia.sk | www.psychologia.sk | www.sexuologia.sk | www.sociologia.sk | www.veda.sk I www.zoologia.sk