J̃ - Biblioteka.sk

Upozornenie: Prezeranie týchto stránok je určené len pre návštevníkov nad 18 rokov!
Zásady ochrany osobných údajov.
Používaním tohto webu súhlasíte s uchovávaním cookies, ktoré slúžia na poskytovanie služieb, nastavenie reklám a analýzu návštevnosti. OK, súhlasím


Panta Rhei Doprava Zadarmo
...
...


A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9

 ...
Nasal palatal approximant

The nasal palatal approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some oral languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , that is, a j with a tilde. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j~, and in the Americanist phonetic notation it is .

The nasal palatal approximant is sometimes called a nasal yod; and may be called nasal glides.

Features

Features of the nasal palatal approximant:

Occurrence

, written ⟨ny⟩, is a common realization of /j/ before nasal vowels in many languages of West Africa that do not have a phonemic distinction between voiced nasal and oral stops, such as Yoruba, Ewe and Bini languages.

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Nheengatu nheẽ 'to speak' Influenced Brazilian Portuguese ⟨nh⟩ sound. Sometimes written with ⟨ñ⟩
Hindustani[1] संयम / sanyama 'patience'

Allophone of /n/ before [j]. See Hindustani phonology

Kaingang[2] 'brave' Possible word-initial realization of /j/ before a nasal vowel.[3]
Lombard bisògn de 'need for (something)'

Allophone of /ɲ/ before a consonant. See Lombard phonology

Louisiana Creole[4] 'bleed'

Intervocalic allophone of /ɲ/

Polish[5] państwo 'state, country'

Allophone of /ɲ/ before fricatives. See Polish phonology

Portuguese Brazilian[6] sonho 'dream' Allophone of /ɲ/ between vowels, nasalizes the preceding vowel. Language's original /ɲ/ sound.[7][8] See Portuguese phonology
Most dialects[9] es 'dogs' Allophone of /j/ after nasal vowels.
Some dialects[7] me ame! 'love me!' Non-syllabic allophone of /i/ between nasal sounds.
Shipibo[10] [example needed] Allophone of /j/ after nasal vowels.[10]
Spanish Zwolle-Ebarb[11] año 'year' Allophone of /ɲ/ between vowels, nasalizing the preceding vowel.
Other dialects, occasional in rapid, unguarded speech[12] niños 'kids' Allophone of /ɲ/. Because nasality is retained and there is no potential merger with any other Spanish phonemes, this process is rarely noticed, and its geographical distribution has never been determined.
Sakha айыы 'sin, transgression' /ȷ̃/ is not distinguished from /j/ in the orthography[13]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Canepari (2005:335)
  2. ^ Jolkesky (2009:676, 681)
  3. ^ Jolkesky (2009:681)
  4. ^ Klingler, Thomas A.; Neumann-Holzschuh, Ingrid (2013). "Louisiana Creole". In Susanne Maria Michaelis; Philippe Maurer; Martin Haspelmath; Magnus Huber (eds.). The survey of pidgin and creole languages. Vol. 2: Portuguese-based, Spanish–based, and French-based languages. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-967770-2.
  5. ^ Gussman (2007)
  6. ^ Perini (2002:?)
  7. ^ a b Portuguese vinho: diachronic evidence for biphonemic nasal vowels
  8. ^ Mattos e Silva (1991:73)
  9. ^ Vigário (2003:77)
  10. ^ a b Valenzuela, Márquez Pinedo & Maddieson (2001:283)
  11. ^ Stark (1980:170)
  12. ^ Lipski, John M. (1989). "Spanish yeísmo and the palatal resonants: Towards a unified analysis" (PDF). Probus. 1 (2). doi:10.1515/prbs.1989.1.2.211. S2CID 170139844.
  13. ^ "Yakut language".

References

Further reading

  • Shosted; Hualde (2010), (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory volume 315) Romance Linguistics 2009: Selected Papers from the 39th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Tucson, Arizona, March 2009, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 43–61, ISBN 978-90-272-4833-6

External links